Month: October 2022

Formula: C3H5N3In 2020 ,《Activity-directed expansion of a series of antibacterial agents》 appeared in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom). The author of the article were Leggott, Abbie; Clarke, Justin E.; Chow, Shiao; Warriner, Stuart L.; O’Neill, Alex J.; Nelson, Adam. The article conveys some information:

The feasibility of using activity-directed synthesis to drive antibacterial discovery was investigated. An array of 220 Pd-catalyzed microscale reactions was executed, and the crude product mixtures were evaluated for activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Scale-up of the hit reactions, purification and evaluation, enabled expansion of a class of antibacterial quinazolinones. The novel antibacterials had MICs from 0.016μg mL-1 (i.e. 38 nM) to 2-4μg mL-1 against S. aureus ATCC29213. After reading the article, we found that the author used 1H-Imidazol-2-amine(cas: 7720-39-0Formula: C3H5N3)

1H-Imidazol-2-amine(cas: 7720-39-0) belongs to anime. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and peroxy acids generally add an oxygen atom to the nitrogen of amines. With primary amines, this step is normally followed by further oxidation, leading to nitroso compounds, RNO, or nitro compounds, RNO2. Secondary amines are converted to hydroxylamines, R2NOH, and tertiary amines to amine oxides, R3NO.Formula: C3H5N3

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Recommanded Product: 530-62-1In 2019 ,《CDI cross-linked beta-cyclodextrin nanosponges of paliperidone: synthesis and physicochemical characterization》 was published in Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine. The article was written by Sherje, Atul P.; Surve, Anushree; Shende, Pravin. The article contains the following contents:

Abstract: Paliperidone (PLP) is an antipsychotic drug indicated for treatment and management of schizophrenia. The current study demonstrates potential of PLP-loaded beta-cyclodextrin-based nanosponges (CDNS) for solubility enhancement and prolonged release of PLP. The inclusion complexes of PLP with carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) cross-linked nanosponges were synthesized. The drug-loaded CDNS were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, stability study, in vitro drug release studies. The interaction of PLP with CDNS was ascertained by FTIR, DSC and PXRD studies. The particle size and zeta potential values were sufficient to obtain stable formulations. Solubility was significantly increased and in vitro drug release studies revealed prolonged release of PLP from the CDNS for 6 h. PXRD study revealed that the crystallinity of PLP was decreased due to complexation with the CDNS. Thus, cyclodextrin-based nanosponges represent a novel approach for solubility enhancement and improved dissolution of selected model drug PLP. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of Di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methanone(cas: 530-62-1Recommanded Product: 530-62-1)

Di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methanone(cas: 530-62-1) is a coupling agent in the synthesis of dipolar polyamides for nonlinear optical applications and polypeptides. It also used to make β-keto sulfones and sulfoxides, lead sequestering agents, and β-enamino acid derivatives.Recommanded Product: 530-62-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

《2-(Trihalomethyl)benzazoles. I. Formation》 was published in Journal of the Chemical Society [Section] C: Organic in 1967. These research results belong to Holan, George; Samuel, Eva L.; Ennis, B. C.; Hinde, Ronald W.. Related Products of 3584-66-5 The article mentions the following:

Methods of preparation of 2-(trihalomethyl)benzimidazoles, -benzothiazoles, and -benzoxazoles were investigated. The reaction of the mono salts of o-phenylenediamines, o-aminophenols, and o-aminothiophenols with trichloroacetonitrile or trichloroacetimidate esters affords 2-(trichloromethyl)-substituted benzimidazoles, benzoaxazoles, and benzothiazoles. This method was extended to the preparation of 2-(trichloromethyl)-2-imidazolines. A general method of preparation of 2,2′-bibenzimidazolyl (I) derivatives is also described. 20 references. In the experiment, the researchers used 5-Chloro-2-(trichloromethyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole(cas: 3584-66-5Related Products of 3584-66-5)

5-Chloro-2-(trichloromethyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole(cas: 3584-66-5) belongs to imidazoles.Although other azole heterocycles are ubiquitous in a wide range of biologically active natural products, imidazole rings occur predominantly in the natural amino acid histidine. Related Products of 3584-66-5 In addition, imidazole rings are part of unnatural cyclic peptides and are used as ester isosteres in peptidomimetic studies.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

In 2020,Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) included an article by Wei, Yi-Ming; Ma, Xiao-Di; Wang, Lei; Duan, Xin-Fang. Application of 258278-25-0. The article was titled 《Iron-catalyzed stereospecific arylation of enol tosylates using Grignard reagents》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The stereospecific Fe-catalyzed arylation of enol tosylates with Grignard reagents was reported for the synthesis of Z- and E- tri/tetrasubstituted acrylates (Ar)(R)C=C(CO2R1)(R2) [R = Me, i-Pr, Ph, etc.; R1 = Me, Et; R2 = H, Me, Ph; Ar = Ph, 2-CNC6H4, 2-thienyl, etc.]. Various tri- or tetrasubstituted Z or E-enol tosylates of β-keto esters were arylated using common and Knochel-type Grignard reagents with complete stereofidelity. The precursors for Z/E-zimelidine, tamoxifen and other bioactive compounds were facilely prepared without precious and toxic transition metals. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 258278-25-0Application of 258278-25-0)

1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 258278-25-0) has been employed in an efficient, one-pot synthesis of N-heterocyclic carbene-allylpalladium complexes.Application of 258278-25-0In addition, it can efficiently catalyze the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of aryl chlorides with aryl boronic acids.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

In 2022,Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) included an article by Huang, Shuai; Zhang, Gao-Peng; Jiang, Yang-Jie; Yu, Fei-Le; Ding, Chang-Hua; Hou, Xue-Long. Recommanded Product: 258278-25-0. The article was titled 《Pd-Catalyzed umpolung asymmetric allylic alkylation of hydrazones to vicinal tertiary and quaternary chiral carbon centers》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Diastereo- and enantioselective construction of vicinal tertiary and quaternary carbon centers is a great challenge in synthetic chem. Herein, a facile and efficient protocol to construct unsaturated azo compounds I [R1 = Ph, 4-FC6H4, 2-naphthyl, 2-thienyl, etc., R2 = Me; R1 = Ph, R2 = Et; R1R2 = (CH2)5; R3 = Ph, 4-MeOC6H4, 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl, 2-furyl, etc.] with vicinal tertiary and quaternary chiral carbon centers in high yields with high regio-, diastereo- and enantioselectivities via Pd-catalyzed umpolung asym. allylic alkylation of hydrazones II with monosubstituted allylic pivalates R3CH:CHCH2OC(O)Bu-t by using Kundig-type chiral N-heterocyclic carbene as the ligand is reported. The control experiments revealed that the reaction proceeds via the inner-sphere mechanism. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 258278-25-0Recommanded Product: 258278-25-0)

1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 258278-25-0) has been employed in an efficient, one-pot synthesis of N-heterocyclic carbene-allylpalladium complexes.Recommanded Product: 258278-25-0In addition, it can efficiently catalyze the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of aryl chlorides with aryl boronic acids.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

The author of 《Mizoroki-Heck Cross-Coupling of Acrylate Derivatives with Aryl Halides Catalyzed by Palladate Pre-Catalysts》 were Islam, Mohammad Shahidul; Nahra, Fady; Tzouras, Nikolaos V.; Barakat, Assem; Cazin, Catherine S. J.; Nolan, Steven P.; Al-Majid, Abdullah Mohammed. And the article was published in European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry in 2019. Safety of 1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride The author mentioned the following in the article:

The Mizoroki-Heck (MH) reaction involving aryl halides with various acrylates and acrylamide was studied using air and moisture-stable imidazolium-based palladate pre-catalysts for the synthesis of internal alkenes RHC=CH(R1)(C(O)R2) [R = Ph, 4-MeC6H4, 4-MeOC6H4, etc.; R1 = H, Me, 4-MeOC6H4CH2, etc.; R2 = OMe, On-Bu, NH2, etc.]. These pre-catalysts were converted into Pd-NHC species (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) under catalytic conditions and were capable of facilitating the Mizoroki-Heck reaction of aryl halides with various acrylates. The effects of solvent, catalyst loading, temperature and bases on the reaction outcome were investigated. Various coupling partners were tolerated under the optimal reaction conditions catalyzed by palladate [SIPr·H][Pd(η3-2-Me-allyl)Cl2]. The efficiency of the optimized synthetic methodol. was tested on various aryl halides and substituted acrylates as well as acrylamides. The MH reaction yielded the coupled products in good to excellent isolated yields (up to 98%). The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 258278-25-0Safety of 1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride)

1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 258278-25-0) has been employed in an efficient, one-pot synthesis of N-heterocyclic carbene-allylpalladium complexes.Safety of 1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium chlorideIn addition, it can efficiently catalyze the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of aryl chlorides with aryl boronic acids.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

In 1989,Danovich, D. K.; Turchaninov, V. K. published 《Basicity of azoles. 2. Relationship with the energy of nonbonding electrons and reorganization energy of the π- and σ-electronic systems of the base upon ionization and protonation》.Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya published the findings.SDS of cas: 16681-56-4 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Linear relationships between proton affinity (AM1) and ionization potential (Green’s function AM1 quantum-chem. method) were observed for series of imidazoles and pyrazoles and explained with a thermodn. cycle which took explicit account of the differences in electronic reorganization (relaxation) energy of the π- and σ-electronic systems of the azole cation and cation radical relative to the neutral mol. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 2-Bromo-1H-imidazole(cas: 16681-56-4SDS of cas: 16681-56-4)

2-Bromo-1H-imidazole(cas: 16681-56-4) is a member of imidazole. Its exclusive structural characteristics with enviable electron-rich features are favorable for imidazole-based fused heterocycles to bind efficiently with an array of enzymes and receptors in biological systems through various weak interactions like hydrogen bonds, ion-dipole, cation-π, π-π stacking, coordination, Van der Waals forces, hydrophobic effects, etc., and therefore they demonstrate widespread bioactivities. SDS of cas: 16681-56-4

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

In 2018,Bente, Stefanie; Kampert, Florian; Tan, Tristan T. Y.; Hahn, F. Ekkehardt published 《Site-selective metallation of dicarbene precursors》.Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published the findings.Formula: C7H5ClN2 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

An imidazolium/2-chlorobenzimidazole bis-NHC precursor was reacted with Ag2O followed by transmetalation with [AuCl(THT)] to give the Au-NHC complex via metalation of the imidazolium site, while the reaction of the same bis-NHC precursor with [Pd(PPh3)4] yields exclusively the azolato complex by oxidative addition of the C2-Cl bond to Pd0. Both complexes were converted into the heterobimetallic Au/Pd-complex by reaction with [Pd(PPh)3]4 (for the NHC complex) or Ag2O/[AuCl(THT)] (for the azolato complex), resp. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 2-Chloro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole(cas: 4857-06-1Formula: C7H5ClN2)

2-Chloro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole(cas: 4857-06-1) binds to monoclonal antibodies, inhibiting their binding to their corresponding antigens. This activity may be due to its ability to bind covalently with amino groups on proteins and other molecules.Formula: C7H5ClN2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

In 2019,Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) included an article by Couloume, Laura; Barbin, Laetitia; Leray, Emmanuelle; Wiertlewski, Sandrine; Le Page, Emmanuelle; Kerbrat, Anne; Ory, Solenn; Le Port, Damien; Edan, Gilles; Laplaud, David-Axel; Michel, Laure. Related Products of 58-85-5. The article was titled 《High-dose biotin in progressive multiple sclerosis: A prospective study of 178 patients in routine clinical practice.》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

BACKGROUND: A recent controlled trial suggested that high-dose biotin supplementation reverses disability progression in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact of high-dose biotin in routine clinical practice on disability progression at 12 months. METHODS: Progressive multiple sclerosis patients who started high-dose biotin at Nantes or Rennes Hospital between 3 June 2015 and 15 September 2017 were included in this prospective study. Disability outcome measures, patient-reported outcome measures, relapses, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, and adverse events were collected at baseline, 6, and 12 months. RESULTS: A total of 178 patients were included. At baseline, patients were 52.0 ± 9.4 years old, mean Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score was 6.1 ± 1.3, mean disease duration was 16.9 ± 9.5 years. At 12 months, 3.8% of the patients had an improved EDSS score. Regarding the other disability scales, scores either remained stable or increased significantly. In total, 47.4% of the patients described stability, 27.6% felt an improvement, and 25% described a worsening. Four patients (2.2%) had a relapse. Of the 74 patients (41.6%) who underwent an MRI, 20 (27.0%) had new T2 lesions, 8 (10.8%) had gadolinium-enhancing lesions. Twenty-five (14%) reported adverse event. CONCLUSION: In this study, high-dose biotin did not seem to be associated with a clear improvement in disability. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid(cas: 58-85-5Related Products of 58-85-5)

5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid(cas: 58-85-5) may be used to elute proteins from avidin/streptavidin resins. It has been used for culturing of oligodendrocytes.Related Products of 58-85-5 And it has been used for blocking endogenous biotin during immunohistology procedures.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

《Silica Sulfuric Acid/Ethylene Glycol: An Efficient Eco-Friendly Catalyst for One-Pot Synthesis of New Benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidines》 was published in Organic Preparations and Procedures International in 2020. These research results belong to Basyouni, Wahid M.; Abdelazeem, Nagwa M.; Abbas, Samir Y.; El-Bayouki, Khairy A. M.; El-kady, Mohamed Y.. Related Products of 934-32-7 The article mentions the following:

A novel catalyst (SSA/ethylene glycol) for the efficient synthesis of new benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine derivatives I (R = H, acetyl; R1 = Me, Ph; R2 = Ph, 3-bromophenyl, thiophen-2-yl, etc.) in high yield and good purity was demonstrated. The reaction was achieved via three-component condensation reactions. SSA/ethylene glycol offers several advantages for the preparation of novel heterocycles I. Among these are simplicity, mild reaction conditions, and little environmental impact. The investigations will spur the exploration of this useful reagent combination in the synthesis of new heterocyclic systems. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine(cas: 934-32-7Related Products of 934-32-7)

1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine(cas: 934-32-7) can be used in the hydrolysis of a choline carbonate. It was also used in the synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]benzimidazoles.Related Products of 934-32-7

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem