Month: October 2022

The author of 《The First MS-Cleavable, Photo-Thiol-Reactive Cross-Linker for Protein Structural Studies》 were Iacobucci, Claudio; Piotrowski, Christine; Rehkamp, Anne; Ihling, Christian H.; Sinz, Andrea. And the article was published in Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry in 2019. Application In Synthesis of Di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methanone The author mentioned the following in the article:

Cleavable crosslinkers are gaining increasing importance for chem. crosslinking/mass spectrometry (MS) as they permit a reliable and automated data anal. in structural studies of proteins and protein assemblies. Here, the authors introduce 1,3-diallylurea (DAU) as the first CID-MS/MS-cleavable, photo-thiol-reactive crosslinker. DAU is a com. available, inexpensive reagent that efficiently undergoes an anti-Markovnikov hydrothiolation with cysteine residues in the presence of a radical initiator upon UV-A irradiation Radical cysteine crosslinking proceeds via an orthogonal “”click reaction”” and yields stable alkyl sulfide products. DAU reacts at physiol. pH and crosslinking reactions with peptides, and proteins can be performed at temperatures as low as 4°. The central urea bond is efficiently cleaved upon collisional activation during tandem MS experiments generating characteristic product ions. This improves the reliability of automated crosslink identification. Different radical initiators have been screened for the crosslinking reaction of DAU using the thiol-containing compounds cysteine and glutathione. The authors’ concept has also been exemplified for the biol. relevant proteins bMunc13-2 and retinal guanylyl cyclase-activating protein-2. After reading the article, we found that the author used Di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methanone(cas: 530-62-1Application In Synthesis of Di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methanone)

Di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methanone(cas: 530-62-1) is a coupling agent in the synthesis of dipolar polyamides for nonlinear optical applications and polypeptides. It also used to make β-keto sulfones and sulfoxides, lead sequestering agents, and β-enamino acid derivatives.Application In Synthesis of Di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methanone

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Sreeja, S.; Anton, Smith A.; Madan, S.; Sunilkumar, D.; Vani, V. published their research in International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences in 2021. The article was titled 《Computational molecular modelling of 2-aminobenzimidazole derivatives: strong successor of hypoglycaemic agent》.Application of 934-32-7 The article contains the following contents:

The present study was aimed to design different analogs of 2-aminobenzimidazole and find the binding ability by Insilico method. Various softwares like Chemsketch, Molinspiration, PASS, and Discovery studio were used to design the proposed derivatives Evaluation of binding activity against different receptors was detected and checked their physicochem. properties for binding. In this study, we designed different analogs of 2-aminobenzimidazole into a ligand having a binding affinity with alpha-glucosidase, Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP4), Peroximase proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), and Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptor. The designed ten derivatives showed a significant binding capacity to the concerned receptors. These results pointed that the designed proposed derivatives promising hypoglycemic activity. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine(cas: 934-32-7Application of 934-32-7)

1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine(cas: 934-32-7) can be used in the hydrolysis of a choline carbonate. It was also used in the synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]benzimidazoles.Application of 934-32-7

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Climova, Alina; Ibrahim, Monica N. G.; Salamahina, Alisa; Savin, Artemii M.; Dukhinova, Marina S.; Barakova, Nadezhda V.; Krivoshapkina, Elena F. published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Application of extracted β-glucan from oat for β-carotene encapsulation》, and you may find the article in Journal of Food Science and Technology (New Delhi, India).Reference of Di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methanone The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The cell walls of cereals are rich sources of polysaccharide β-glucan. In this study, the β-glucan was extracted from oat bran using the hot-water extraction method and dried in a pure powder form. The concentration of the β-glucan in the extract was determined using the L-cysteine sulfuric acid method. The results showed that the yield of β-glucan using the hot-water extraction method is the highest compared to its yield achieved by enzymic, acid, and alk. methods. In this paper, the usage of the β-glucan as a coating material for a water-insoluble carotenoid is considered. This study demonstrates for the first time the encapsulation of β-carotene with modified octanoic acid β-glucan. It implements to obtain a stable encapsulated polysaccharide-carotenoid system, which has been studied by a set of physicochem. methods and a cytotoxic anal. was performed on the HCT-116 cell line. The SEM image of the resulting encapsulated system is perfectly correlated with the DLS data, which has determined the size of MG capsules at 200 nm. The cytotoxic anal. demonstrates that the cell viability was more than 70%, which indicates its potential using in the food industry. The experimental process involved the reaction of Di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methanone(cas: 530-62-1Reference of Di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methanone)

Di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methanone(cas: 530-62-1) is a coupling agent in the synthesis of dipolar polyamides for nonlinear optical applications and polypeptides. It also used to make β-keto sulfones and sulfoxides, lead sequestering agents, and β-enamino acid derivatives.Reference of Di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methanone

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Zadeh, Elnaz Ebrahim; Vahabpour, Rouhollah; Beirami, Amirreza Dowlati; Hajimahdi, Zahra; Zarghi, Afshin published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Novel 4-Oxo-4,10-dihydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylic Acid Derivatives as HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitors: Synthesis, Docking Studies, Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Biological Activities》, and you may find the article in Medicinal Chemistry (Sharjah, United Arab Emirates).Application of 934-32-7 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

HIV-1 integrase (IN) has been considered as an important target for the development of novel anti-HIV-1 drugs. The aim of this study was to design novel groups of HIV IN inhibitors. In this study, we presented a novel series of 4-oxo-4,10-dihydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2- a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylic acid derivatives by structural modification of N-arylindole β-diketoacids as a well-known group of IN inhibitors. Based on in-vitro anti-HIV-1 activity in a cell-based assay, compounds 5, 6a and 6k displayed moderate to good inhibitory activity with EC50 values of 4.14, 1.68 and 0.8 μM, resp. However, integrase inhibition assay showed that most of the analogs did not have significant effects against integrase enzyme except compound 5 with an IC50 value of 45 μM. Our results indicated that compound 6k was the best one among synthesized compounds with an EC50 of 0.8 μM and SI of 175. Docking and mol. dynamics simulation studies were also performed to provide some insights into the probable mechanism of tested compounds These findings suggest that 4-oxo-4,10-dihydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-3- carboxylic acid derivatives may consider as promising lead compounds for the development of new anti-HIV-1 drugs. In addition to this study using 1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine, there are many other studies that have used 1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine(cas: 934-32-7Application of 934-32-7) was used in this study.

1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine(cas: 934-32-7) can be used in the hydrolysis of a choline carbonate. It was also used in the synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]benzimidazoles.Application of 934-32-7

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

In 2022,Dai, Yue; Wu, Xiaopei; Yin, Yihua; Dai, Honglian published an article in International Journal of Pharmaceutics (Amsterdam, Netherlands). The title of the article was 《GSH/enzyme-responsive 2-sulfonyl-1-methylimidazole prodrug for enhanced transdermal drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy against hyperthyroidis》.HPLC of Formula: 616-47-7 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Novel GSH/enzyme-responsive anti-hyperthyroidism prodrugs designed for transdermal delivery of 2-sulfonyl-1- methylimidazole (MMI) were synthesized by a Michael addition reaction of MMI with propiolic acid (PA) followed by esterification with three long chain fatty alcs. and their structures were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectrometry. Their maximum steady state flux through rat skin in the PG/W solution was found to be more than 37-times faster than that of MMI. The result may be attributed to the improved lipophilicity of prodrug and rapid bioconversion. The prodrugs were hydrolyzed by esterase on passing through the skin and appeared mainly as intermediate MMI-PA in the receiver compartment and accompanied by a small amount of MMI and intact prodrug. The prodrugs did not release any MMI in the media without GSH or with 100 μM GSH, while the obvious MMI release could be observed within 6.4 h in the media containing 2 mM and 10 mM GSH, and their maximum cumulative release rates reached 95.07% for lauryl alc. ester prodrug (MMI-PA-OLa). MMI-PA-OLa exhibited a significant inhibition effect on lactoperoxidase (LPO) after being incubated in millimolar GSH media, whose inhibition rate was very similar to that of free MMI with an equivalent dose. These results suggested that MMI-PA-OLa could pass efficiently through the skin and release MMI in response to the intracellular environment. After reading the article, we found that the author used 1-Methyl-1H-imidazole(cas: 616-47-7HPLC of Formula: 616-47-7)

1-Methyl-1H-imidazole(cas: 616-47-7) is actively involved in removing acid during the production of diethoxyphenylphosphine. It is used as an intermediate in organic synthesis.HPLC of Formula: 616-47-7

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

《Rapid Ultrasensitive Gel-Free Immunoblotting with Magnetic Labels》 was written by Shlyapnikov, Yuri M.; Kanev, Igor L.; Shlyapnikova, Elena A.. Product Details of 616-47-7 And the article was included in Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC, United States) in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Immunoblotting is widely used for the detection of proteins using specific antibodies. We present here a new immunoblotting method, which is characterized by exceptional sensitivity, rapidness, and low consumption of antibodies. A thin conductive layer between touching hydrophilic cellulose membranes instead of polyacrylamide gel is used for the electrophoretic separation of proteins. Contrary to common Western blotting, the separation occurs in nondenaturing conditions. The membrane surface is smoothed by deposition of the cellulose layer and modified with azidophenyl groups, allowing for the photochem. in situ immobilization of proteins, which are carried out after the electrophoresis. Thus, the addnl. step of transferring the protein from the gel onto the membrane is eliminated. Specific protein bands are then visualized by decoration with magnetic beads. The limit of detection of interleukin IL-1β reaches 0.3 fg or ∼104 mols., whereas the total blotting time is about 5 min. The application of the technique is demonstrated by the detection of IL-1β, total IgA, and IgA specific to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen in the exhaled breath samples, obtained from healthy subjects and tuberculosis patients. After reading the article, we found that the author used 1-Methyl-1H-imidazole(cas: 616-47-7Product Details of 616-47-7)

1-Methyl-1H-imidazole(cas: 616-47-7) is used as a precursor for the synthesis of pyrrole-imidazole polyamides, ionic liquids such as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate.Product Details of 616-47-7

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

《Isolable, gold carbonyl complexes supported by N-heterocyclic carbenes》 was published in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2011. These research results belong to Dash, Chandrakanta; Kroll, Peter; Yousufuddin, Muhammed; Dias, H. V. Rasika. Safety of Chloro{1,3-bis[2,6-bis(1-methylethyl)phenyl]-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene}gold(I) The article mentions the following:

Cationic gold carbonyl complexes supported by N-heterocyclic carbene ligands, 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolin-2-ylidene (SIDipp) and 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene (IDipp), have been synthesized. [(SIDipp)Au(CO)][SbF6] has a linear, two-coordinate gold center. [(SIDipp)Au(CO)][SbF6] and [(IDipp)Au(CO)][SbF6] display νCO values at 2197 and 2193 cm-1, resp. Computational studies on [(SIMe)Au(CO)]+ indicate the presence of a strong Au(I)-CO bond. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of Chloro{1,3-bis[2,6-bis(1-methylethyl)phenyl]-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene}gold(I)(cas: 852445-84-2Safety of Chloro{1,3-bis[2,6-bis(1-methylethyl)phenyl]-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene}gold(I))

Chloro{1,3-bis[2,6-bis(1-methylethyl)phenyl]-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene}gold(I)(cas: 852445-84-2) belongs to imidazoles.Imidazole rings are part of unnatural cyclic peptides and are used as ester isosteres in peptidomimetic studies.
Safety of Chloro{1,3-bis[2,6-bis(1-methylethyl)phenyl]-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene}gold(I) However, the application of imidazoles is not limited to the field of peptides and peptidomimetics.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

《Reactions of lead tetraacetate. VII. Some reactions leading to pyrazoles》 was published in Journal of the Chemical Society [Section] C: Organic in 1966. These research results belong to Gladstone, W. A. F.; Norman, R. O. C.. Safety of 3-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)propan-1-ol The article mentions the following:

cf. preceding abstract Four 2-pyrazolines were oxidized to the corresponding pyrazoles in high yields by Pb(OAc)4 at room temperature: this reagent has advantages over others which have been used previously. Pb(OAc)4 converts chalcone phenylhydrazone directly into 1,3,5-triphenylpyrazole, in contrast to its reactions with the arylhydrazones of aromatic ketones which give azoacetares. Two 2-pyrazolines which cannot undergo direct aromatization have been converted into pyrazoles by oxidation with Pb(OAc)4 to 4-acetoxy-2-pyrazolines followed by acid-catalyzed rearrangement and elimination. 19 references. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 3-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)propan-1-ol(cas: 2403-66-9Safety of 3-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)propan-1-ol)

3-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)propan-1-ol(cas: 2403-66-9) belongs to imidazoles.Although other azole heterocycles are ubiquitous in a wide range of biologically active natural products, imidazole rings occur predominantly in the natural amino acid histidine. In addition, imidazole rings are part of unnatural cyclic peptides and are used as ester isosteres in peptidomimetic studies. Safety of 3-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)propan-1-ol

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

HPLC of Formula: 2403-66-9On March 15, 2004, Kusama, Hitoshi; Arakawa, Hironori published an article in Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, A: Chemistry. The article was 《Influence of benzimidazole additives in electrolytic solution on dye-sensitized solar cell performance》. The article mentions the following:

The influence of benzimidazole additives on the performance of a bis(tetrabutylammonium)-cis-bis(thiocyanato)bis(2,2′-bipyridine-4-carboxylic acid, 4′-carboxylate)ruthenium(II) dye-sensitized TiO2 solar cell with an I-/I3- redox electrolyte in acetonitrile was studied by measuring the current-voltage characteristics of >20 different benzimidazole derivatives under AM 1.5 (100 mW/cm2). The benzimidazole additives tested had varying effects on the cell performance. Adding benzimidazole drastically enhanced the open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) and the fill factor (ff), but reduced the short-circuit photocurrent d. (Jsc) of the solar cell. To determine the reasons for the additive effects on cell performance the phys. and chem. properties of the benzimidazoles were computationally calculated Consequently, the greater the calculated partial charge of the nitrogen atoms in position 3 of the benzimidazole groups, the larger the Voc, but the smaller the Jsc values. The Voc values also increased as the mol. size of the benzimidazole derivatives decreased. Also, the greater the absolute difference between the calculated dipole moment of the benzimidazole and acetonitrile, the larger the Jsc value. Probably these properties of the benzimidazoles influenced the extent of interaction between the TiO2 electrode and electrolyte solvent, which changed the dye-sensitized solar cell performance. In the experiment, the researchers used 3-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)propan-1-ol(cas: 2403-66-9HPLC of Formula: 2403-66-9)

3-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)propan-1-ol(cas: 2403-66-9) belongs to imidazoles.Imidazole rings are part of unnatural cyclic peptides and are used as ester isosteres in peptidomimetic studies.
HPLC of Formula: 2403-66-9 However, the application of imidazoles is not limited to the field of peptides and peptidomimetics.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

In 2019,International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences included an article by Brahmeshwari, G.; Dhanaja, K.; Gullapelli, Kumaraswamy; Muralikrishna, T.. HPLC of Formula: 934-32-7. The article was titled 《Synthesis and antioxidant activity of new thioxo triazinane 2-one derivatives》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

4-Thioxo,1,3,5-triazinane-2-ones were synthesized by the fusion of aryl isocyanides with 2-aminobenzimidazole. All the compounds were screened for their antioxidant activity by the determination of DPPH, superoxide, and nitric oxide scavenging. Some of the title compounds were proved promising activity against the test organisms, employed. The structures of newly synthesized compounds were established on the basis of spectroscopic anal. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine(cas: 934-32-7HPLC of Formula: 934-32-7)

1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine(cas: 934-32-7) can be used in the hydrolysis of a choline carbonate. It was also used in the synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]benzimidazoles.HPLC of Formula: 934-32-7

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem