Month: October 2022

Deng, Lu; Wang, Chang; He, Chao; Chen, Li published the artcile< Bone mesenchymal stem cells derived extracellular vesicles promote TRAIL-related apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via the delivery of microRNA-20a-3p>, Synthetic Route of 6823-69-4, the main research area is hepatocellular carcinoma bone mesenchymal stem cell TRAIL microRNA 20a3p; Hepatocellular carcinoma; TRAIL; bone mesenchymal stem cells; c-FLIP; extracellular vesicles; miR-20a-39.

Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been widely researched in cancer treatment, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study intended to discuss the mechanism of miR-20a-3p in BMSCs-extracellular vesicles (EVs) in HCC apoptosis. BMSCs were isolated and identified. EVs derived from BMSCs were extracted and identified. After overexpressing or inhibiting miR-20a-3p expression in BMSCs, EVs were extracted and acted on HCC cells and transplanted tumors. HCC cell apoptosis in the treatment of BMSCs-conditioned medium, BMSCs-EVs and/or miR-20a-3p mimic/inhibitor was evaluated, with the detection of levels of TRAIL and TRAIL-related proteins. A functional rescue experiment about c-FLIP was carried out in HCC cells. The target binding relationship between miR-20a-3p and c-FLIP was detected. The s.c. tumorigenesis model of mice was established and injected with BMSCs-EVs to estimate the effect of BMSCs-EVs-miR-20a-3p on HCC growth. EVs isolated from BMSCs conditioned medium promoted the apoptosis of HCC cells. After BMSCs-EVs treatment, TRAIL levels, downstream proteins and miR-20a-3p were increased significantly, but the expression of c-FLIP was decreased. miR-20a-3p could target c-FLIP. BMSCs-EVs inhibited the growth of HCC cells, decreased c-FLIP expression, increased TRAIL levels, and promote the of HCC cell apoptosis. BMSCs-EVs with overexpressing miR-20a-3p further enhanced the apoptotic effect of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. BMSCs-EVs-carried miR-20a-3p targets c-FLIP and increases TRAIL levels in HCC cells, thus promoting TRAIL-related apoptosis.

Cancer Biomarkers published new progress about Antigens, Thy-1 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Synthetic Route of 6823-69-4.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Kumar, Ranjit; Kumar, Binod; Singh, S. P. published the artcile< Novel biotechnological method for production of ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae RK-16 exposed to aflatoxine>, Category: imidazoles-derivatives, the main research area is Saccharomyces aflatoxine ethanol temperature pH incubation period molasses.

Aflatoxins are poisonous carcinogens that are produced by certain molds which grow in soil, decaying vegetation, hay, and grains. The influence of chem. mutagen, i.e., aflatoxine on bioprodn. of Et alc. by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae RK-16 has been studied. It has been found that the chem. mutagen, i.e., aflatoxine at its molar concentration of 5.0 x 10-3M has stimulatory effect on biotechnol. method for production of ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae RK-16 and enhances the yield of ethanol to an extent of 8.256% higher in comparison to control fermenter flask, i.e., 5.45mL/100 mL while molar concentration of aflatoxine under trial at 6.0 x 10-3M and onwards inhibits and retards the bioprodn. of Et alc. The molar concentration of aflatoxine has been employed in between 1.0 x 10-3M to 10 x 10-3M and has been found that at initial concentration, i.e., 1.0 x 10-3M it is least effective and at higher concentrations it gives insignificant yield of Et alc. Exptl. parameters has been optimized viz.: 30°C temperature 4.5 pH, 65 h incubation period with 18.5% (w/v) molasses solution along with other nutritional ingredients required by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae RK-16.

Journal Chemtracks published new progress about Aflatoxins Role: BUU (Biological Use, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study), USES (Uses). 452-06-2 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C5H5N5, Category: imidazoles-derivatives.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Fang, Fang; Guo, Chunfeng; Zheng, Weinan; Wang, Qin; Zhou, Limei published the artcile< Exosome-Mediated Transfer of miR-1323 from Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Confers Radioresistance of C33A Cells by Targeting PABPN1 and Activating Wnt/beta-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Cervical Cancer>, SDS of cas: 6823-69-4, the main research area is miR1323 PABPN1 Wnt beta catenin signaling cervical cancer; Cervical cancer; GSK-3β; IGF2BP1; PABPN1; Radioresistance; miR-1323.

Plenty of pieces of evidence suggest that the resistance to radiotherapy greatly influences the therapeutic effect in cervical cancer (CCa). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to regulate cellular processes by acting as tumor suppressors or promoters, thereby driving radioresistance or radiosensitivity. Meanwhile, it has been reported that microRNA-1323 (miR-1323) widely participates in cancer progression and radiotherapy effects. However, the role of miR-1323 is still not clear in CCa. Hence, in this study, we are going to investigate the mol. mechanism of miR-1323 in CCa cells. In the beginning, miR-1323 was found aberrantly upregulated in CCa cells via RT-qPCR assay. Functional assays indicated that miR-1323 was transferred by cancer-associated fibroblasts-secreted (CAFs-secreted) exosomes and miR-1323 downregulation suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and increased cell radiosensitivity in CCa. Mechanism assays demonstrated that miR-1323 targeted poly(A)-binding protein nuclear 1 (PABPN1). Besides, PABPN1 recruited insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) to regulate glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3B) and influenced Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, rescue experiments were implemented to validate that PABPN1 overexpression rescued the inhibited cancer development and radioresistance induced by the miR-1323 inhibitor. In conclusion, miR-1323 was involved in CCa progression and radioresistance which might provide a novel insight for CCa treatment.

Reproductive Sciences published new progress about CD9 antigens Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, SDS of cas: 6823-69-4.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

El Borai, M.; Moustafa, A. H.; Anwar, M.; Abdel Hay, F. I. published the artcile< Synthesis of halogen derivatives of N-methylimidazole>, Category: imidazoles-derivatives, the main research area is halogenation methylimidazole; halomethylimidazole; imidazole halo methyl.

1-Methylimidazole (I) was converted to 2-halo-, 2,5-dihalo-, 5-halo-, 2,4-dihalo-, 4,5-dihalo-, 4-halo-, and 2,4,5-trihalo-1-methylimidazoles. I was treated with BuLi and Br2 to give 2-bromo-1-methylimidazole. The reaction of I with N-bromosuccinimide gave 5-bromo-1-methylimidazole. I reacted with iodine and HIO3 to give 4,5-diiodo-1-methylimidazole.

Polish Journal of Chemistry published new progress about Halogenation. 1003-21-0 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C4H5BrN2, Category: imidazoles-derivatives.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Gao, Xiao; Xiong, Ye; Li, Qizhao; Han, Min; Shan, Dezhi; Yang, Guozheng; Zhang, Shouji; Xin, Danqing; Zhao, Rongrong; Wang, Zhen; Xue, Hao; Li, Gang published the artcile< Extracellular vesicle-mediated transfer of miR-21-5p from mesenchymal stromal cells to neurons alleviates early brain injury to improve cognitive function via the PTEN/Akt pathway after subarachnoid hemorrhage>, Quality Control of 6823-69-4, the main research area is brain injury subarachnoid hemorrhage PTEN Akt mesenchymal stromal cell.

Abstract: Patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) often suffer from cognitive function impairments even when they have received proper treatment, such as the clipping or coiling of aneurysms, and this causes problems with returning to work and burdens the family. Increasing attention has been paid to mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicle (MSC-EV) as promising therapeutic vesicles for stroke management. In this study, we explored the potential role of MSC-EV in a rat model of SAH. We observed that MSC-EV ameliorated early brain injury (EBI) after SAH by reducing the apoptosis of neurons and that SAH induced an increase in the expression level of miR-21 in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. In addition, using miRNA profiling and CSF sequencing data from the exRNA Atlas, we demonstrated that EV-derived miR-21 protected neurons from apoptosis and alleviated SAH-induced cognitive dysfunction. The neuroprotective role of MSC-EV was abrogated by miR-21 knockdown or the administration of MK2206, a PTEN/Akt inhibitor. Overall, our results suggest that MSC-EV promotes neuronal survival and alleviates EBI after SAH through transferring miR-21 to recipient neurons.

Cell Death & Disease published new progress about Animal gene, Bcl-2 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Quality Control of 6823-69-4.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Wang, Xiaolong; Zeng, Rui; Chu, Shengnan; Tang, Wei; Lin, Na; Fu, Jun; Yang, Jiangrong; Gao, Bo published the artcile< A quencher-free DNAzyme beacon for fluorescently sensing uranyl ions via embedding 2-aminopurine>, Application In Synthesis of 452-06-2, the main research area is DNAzyme beacon aminopurine uranyl ion selectivity sensitivity fluorescence; 2-Aminopurine; DNAzyme; Fluorescence; Quencher-free; Uranyl detection.

DNAzyme-based fluorescent probes have provided valuable protocols for detecting uranium, one of the most common radioactive contaminants in the environment, with ultra-high selectivity and sensitivity. Designing novel DNAzyme beacons to update the mode of fluorescence reporting and/or quenching will continuously enhance “”turn-on”” sensing performance as well as promote actual application of the biol. probes. In this work, we developed a novel quencher-free DNAzyme beacon by embedding fluorescent 2-aminopurine for rapid detection of uranyl ion. 2-aminopurine is able to substitute adenine and keep strong fluorescence in single-stranded DNA whereas being quenched in the hybridized double-stranded DNA by the base-stacking interaction. The combination of such trait of 2-aminopurine and cleavage reaction of DNAzyme in the presence of target co-factors possesses two main advantages for ion sensing: simplicity for avoidance of extra quencher groups and high performance because of superiority of DNAzyme essence. The exptl. conditions including embedding site, pH and salt concentration of buffer solutions, and the amount ratio of enzyme strand to substrate strand used to form DNAzymes were systematically optimized to inspire the highest performance of the biol. beacon. Thus, a detection limit of 9.6 nM, a wide linear range from 5 nM to 400 nM (R2 = 0.997), and selectivity of more than 400 000-fold over other metal ions were achieved by the novel DNAzyme probes.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics published new progress about Concentration (condition). 452-06-2 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C5H5N5, Application In Synthesis of 452-06-2.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Sleiman, Dona; Garcia, Pierre Simon; Lagune, Marion; Loc′h, Jerome; Haouz, Ahmed; Taib, Najwa; Rothlisberger, Pascal; Gribaldo, Simonetta; Marliere, Philippe; Kaminski, Pierre Alexandre published the artcile< A third purine biosynthetic pathway encoded by aminoadenine-based viral DNA genomes>, Reference of 452-06-2, the main research area is purine pathway aminoadenine viral DNA genome PurZ structure phylogeny.

Cells have two purine pathways that synthesize adenine and guanine ribonucleotides from phosphoribose via inosylate. A chem. hybrid between adenine and guanine, 2-aminoadenine (Z), replaces adenine in the DNA of the cyanobacterial virus S-2L. We show that S-2L and Vibrio phage PhiVC8 encode a third purine pathway catalyzed by PurZ, a distant paralog of succinoadenylate synthase (PurA), the enzyme condensing aspartate and inosylate in the adenine pathway. PurZ condenses aspartate with deoxyguanylate into dSMP (N6-succino-2-amino-2′-deoxyadenylate), which undergoes defumarylation and phosphorylation to give dZTP (2-amino-2′-deoxyadenosine-5′-triphosphate), a substrate for the phage DNA polymerase. Crystallog. and phylogenetics analyses indicate a close relationship between phage PurZ and archaeal PurA enzymes. Our work elucidates the biocatalytic innovation that remodeled a DNA building block beyond canonical mol. biol.

Science (Washington, DC, United States) published new progress about Cyanobacteria phage S-2L. 452-06-2 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C5H5N5, Reference of 452-06-2.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Penn, Kyle R.; Anders, Evan J.; Lindsay, Vincent N. G. published the artcile< Expedient Synthesis of Bis(imidazolium) Dichloride Salts and Bis(NHC) Complexes from Imidazoles Using DMSO as a Key Polar Additive>, Related Products of 1003-21-0, the main research area is alkanediimidazolium salt preparation cyclometalation gold silver palladium chloride; palladium alkanebisimidazolylidene complex; silver alkanebisimidazolylidene complex preparation; gold alkanebisimidazolylidene complex preparation; imidazole condensation reaction alkanedichloride.

A general approach for the synthesis of bis(imidazolium) dichloride salts from imidazoles and dichloroalkanes is reported. Typical limitations of this reaction for the formation of methylene-bridged derivatives are addressed herein through the use of excess CH2Cl2 in the presence of DMSO as a polar cosolvent, significantly improving the conversion rates presumably via stabilization of the initial SN2 transition state. The method also is applicable to the formation of bis(pyridinium) dichloride salts from pyridine derivatives, and to the direct synthesis of metal-bis(NHC) complexes from imidazoles.

Organometallics published new progress about Carbene complexes Role: SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation) (Pd, Ag and Au alkanebis(imidazolylidene) complexes). 1003-21-0 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C4H5BrN2, Related Products of 1003-21-0.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Ren, Yun-lai; Wang, Qian; Tian, Xin-zhe; Wang, Bin-yu; Wang, Pei published the artcile< Nitrogen dioxide-catalyzed oxidative bromination of benzenes and naphthalines with electron-donating substituents at room temperature>, Recommanded Product: 5-Bromo-1-methyl-1H-imidazole, the main research area is aryl bromide preparation oxidative bromination arene nitrogen dioxide catalyst.

Oxidative bromination of benzenes and naphthalines with electron-donating substituents was investigated by using 8.2% nitrogen dioxide as the catalyst, the residual oxygen in the reaction tube as the oxidant, and mol. bromine as the brominating reagent at room temperature The used heavy metal waste-free catalyst can be easily removed from the products and scarcely stains the final products. But a small amount of byproduct from the nitration of the benzene ring was observed, which led to the consumption of nitrogen dioxide. The reaction is highly atom economic, and a majority of bromine atoms in bromine source were transferred to the bromination products. The bromination was controllable: mono- and di-bromination products were controllably obtained by changing the loading amount of the brominating reagent. Preliminary mechanistic investigation suggests that the bromination firstly undergoes the reaction between mol. bromine and aromatic ring to give aryl bromide and HBr, which is followed by oxygenation of the resulting bromine hydride to form the reactive bromine under the catalysis of the catalytic species.

Fenzi Cuihua published new progress about Aromatic hydrocarbons Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 1003-21-0 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C4H5BrN2, Recommanded Product: 5-Bromo-1-methyl-1H-imidazole.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Ognyanov, Vassil I.; Balan, Chenera; Bannon, Anthony W.; Bo, Yunxin; Dominguez, Celia; Fotsch, Christopher; Gore, Vijay K.; Klionsky, Lana; Ma, Vu V.; Qian, Yi-Xin; Tamir, Rami; Wang, Xianghong; Xi, Ning; Xu, Shimin; Zhu, Dawn; Gavva, Narender R.; Treanor, James J. S.; Norman, Mark H. published the artcile< Design of potent, orally available antagonists of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1. Structure-activity relationships of 2-piperazin-1-yl-1H-benzimidazoles>, Recommanded Product: 2-Chloro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-5-carbonitrile, the main research area is benzimidazole piperazinyl preparation transient receptor potential vanilloid antagonist antihyperalgesic.

The vanilloid receptor-1 (VR1 or TRPV1) is a membrane-bound, nonselective cation channel that is predominantly expressed by peripheral neurons sensing painful stimuli. TRPV1 antagonists produce antihyperalgesic effects in animal models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. The synthesis and the structure-activity relationships of a series of 2-(4-pyridin-2-ylpiperazin-1-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazoles I [R1 = H, Me3SiCH2CH2OCH2, PhCH2; R2 = F, Cl, Br, F3C, Me, CN, Me3C, MeO2C, etc.; R3 = H, 4-(2-thiazolyl), 4-(4-pyridyl), 5-(4-F3CC6H4), etc.; R4 = H, Me; R5 = H, H2N, MeCHOH, H2C:CH, etc.; R6 = H, Cl, F3C, etc.] and analogs as novel TRPV1 antagonists have been described. I [R1 = H; R2 = F3C; R3 = 4-(3,4,5-F3C6H2); R4 = (R)-Me; R5 = HOCH2CHOH; R6 = Cl; (II)] was among the most potent analogs in this series. This compound was orally bioavailable in rats and was efficacious in blocking capsaicin-induced flinch in rats in a dose-dependent manner. II also reversed thermal hyperalgesia in a model of inflammatory pain, which was induced by complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA).

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Analgesics. 401567-00-8 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C8H4ClN3, Recommanded Product: 2-Chloro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-5-carbonitrile.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem