Month: October 2022

Holden, Kenneth G.; Mattson, Matthew N.; Cha, Kyung Hoi; Rapoport, Henry published the artcile< Synthesis of Chiral Pilocarpine Analogues via a C-8 Ketone Intermediate>, Name: 5-Bromo-1-methyl-1H-imidazole, the main research area is pilocarpine analog chiral synthesis; oxazolidinone analog pilocarpine stereoselective synthesis.

The synthesis of a chiral pilocarpine analog I in which the lactone ring is replaced by an oxazolidinone and the bridging methylene group is in the ketone oxidation state has been accomplished. The utility of this compound as a key intermediate for the preparation of more complex structures was demonstrated by its reduction to two alc. epimers and its reaction with a methylene ylide.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about Alkaloids Role: SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation) (imidazole-containing, oxazolidine analogs). 1003-21-0 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C4H5BrN2, Name: 5-Bromo-1-methyl-1H-imidazole.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Fuechtbauer, Anders F.; Wranne, Moa S.; Sarangamath, Sangamesh; Bood, Mattias; El-Sagheer, Afaf H.; Brown, Tom; Graden, Henrik; Grotli, Morten; Wilhelmsson, L. Marcus published the artcile< Lighting Up DNA with the Environment-Sensitive Bright Adenine Analogue qAN4>, Category: imidazoles-derivatives, the main research area is qAN4 DNA oligonucleotide solid phase synthesis photophys property; DNA; FRET; base pairing; nucleobase analogues; photophysics.

The fluorescent adenine analog qAN4 was recently shown to possess promising photophys. properties, including a high brightness as a monomer. Here we report the synthesis of the phosphoramidite of qAN4 and its successful incorporation into DNA oligonucleotides using standard solid-phase synthesis. CD and thermal melting studies indicate that the qAN4-modification has a stabilizing effect on the B-form of DNA. Moreover, qAN4 base-pairs selectively with thymine with mismatch penalties similar to those of mismatches of adenine. The low energy absorption band of qAN4 inside DNA has its peak around 358 nm and the emission in duplex DNA is partly quenched and blue-shifted (ca. 410 nm), compared to the monomeric form. The spectral properties of the fluorophore also show sensitivity to pH; a property that may find biol. applications. Quantum yields in single-stranded DNA range from 1-29 % and in duplex DNA from 1-7 %. In combination with the absorptive properties, this gives an average brightness inside duplex DNA of 275 M-1 cm-1, more than five times higher than the most used environment-sensitive fluorescent base analog, 2-aminopurine. Finally, we show that qAN4 can be used to advantage as a donor for interbase FRET applications in combination with adenine analog qAnitro as an acceptor.

ChemPlusChem published new progress about Circular dichroism. 452-06-2 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C5H5N5, Category: imidazoles-derivatives.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Wang, Lizhi; Liu, Yang; Lu, Chanfang; Yang, Zhouping; Liu, Yaqing; Wang, Yanying; Rao, Hanbing; Zhang, Wei; Wang, Xianxiang published the artcile< Ultrasonic synthesis of nano-PrO1.8 as nanozyme for colorimetric determination of trans-resveratrol>, Recommanded Product: 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, the main research area is trans resveratrol nanozyme colorimetric determination ultrasonic synthesis.

In this study, nano-PrO1.8 were synthesized successfully in ionic liquids (ILs) as template assisted ultrasonic irradiation method. Various precipitating agents and different types of ILs were investigated to determine their resp. effects on the morphol. of the end products. Using hydrazine hydrate as a precipitating agent and 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride as a template, spherical structure with an average diameter of 250 nm was obtained. It is worth noting that the prepared material exhibits high peroxidase-like activity and weak oxidase activity. Then, the catalytic oxidation capacity of the nano-PrO1.8 was evaluated by the peroxidase substrate 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). The colorless of TMB can be converted into blue oxidized TMB (oxTMB) in the presence of nano-PrO1.8, but trans-resveratrol inhibited its peroxidase-like activity and weakened the blue color. Hence, we developed a sensitive, selective and simple colorimetric method for trans-resveratrol detection using nano-PrO1.8 as peroxidase-like enzyme. A linear relationship was found in the range of 0.30μM-16μM trans-resveratrol with the detection limit of 0.29μM. Satisfactory results were achieved when the method was submitted to the determination of trans-resveratrol in white wine samples.

Scientific Reports published new progress about Champagne. 700370-07-6 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C6H9ClN2O2, Recommanded Product: 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Hernandez, Elisa; Santiago, Ruben; Belinchon, Alejandro; Maria Vaquerizo, Gema; Moya, Cristian; Navarro, Pablo; Palomar, Jose published the artcile< Universal and low energy-demanding platform to produce propylene carbonate from CO2 using hydrophilic ionic liquids>, Synthetic Route of 700370-07-6, the main research area is ionic liquid catalyst propylene carbonate carbon dioxide.

Ionic liquids (ILs) have been extensively proposed as efficient catalysts to promote CO2 cycloaddition reaction to epoxides for producing cyclic carbonates. Recently, liquid-liquid extraction with water as an enhancer approach to regenerate ILs and to purify the product was proposed, since it reduces energy consumption and enhances the neat catalytic activity of the IL due to hydroxyl groups of water. In this work, a comprehensive sample of homogeneous IL catalysts proposed in the literature is exptl. evaluated both in the catalytic step and in its separation by liquid-liquid extraction with water, to demonstrate the universality of the proposed reaction-separation proposal for hydrophilic ILs. Then the complete processes for CO2 conversion to propylene carbonate were modelled using Aspen Plus to compare the catalyst/product separation efficiency and the specific energy consumption using liquid-liquid extraction and distillation-based platforms. The energy consumption is significantly lower using liquid-liquid platform (1.1-1.3 kWh/kgPC) than distillation one (2.4-3.1 kWh/kgPC). It is concluded that hydrophilic ionic liquids, as those formed by [EtOHmim] cation and halide anions, are promising catalysts since they allow: (i) reducing the process energy consumption due to their high catalytic activity and (ii) full catalyst recovering, even at high catalyst loadings, by improving the water extractive properties for IL separation from PC.

Separation and Purification Technology published new progress about Cycloaddition reaction. 700370-07-6 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C6H9ClN2O2, Synthetic Route of 700370-07-6.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Kavanagh, E. L.; Lindsay, S.; Halasz, M.; Gubbins, L. C.; Weiner-Gorzel, K.; Guang, M. H. Z.; McGoldrick, A.; Collins, E.; Henry, M.; Blanco-Fernandez, A.; Gorman, P. O.; Fitzpatrick, P.; Higgins, M. J.; Dowling, P.; McCann, A. published the artcile< Protein and chemotherapy profiling of extracellular vesicles harvested from therapeutic induced senescent triple negative breast cancer cells>, Related Products of 6823-69-4, the main research area is chemotherapy extracellular vesicle therapeutic induced senescent breast cancer.

Triple neg. breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with relatively poor clin. outcomes and limited treatment options. Chemotherapy, while killing cancer cells, can result in the generation of highly chemo resistant therapeutic induced senescent (TIS) cells that potentially form stem cell niches resulting in metastases. Intriguingly, senescent cells release significantly more extracellular vesicles (EVs) than non-senescent cells. Our aim was to profile EVs harvested from TIS TNBC cells compared with control cells to identify a potential mechanism by which TIS TNBC cells maintain survival in the face of chemotherapy. TIS was induced and confirmed in Cal51 TNBC cells using the chemotherapeutic paclitaxel (PTX) (Taxol). Mass spectrometry (MS) anal. of EVs harvested from TIS compared with control Cal51 cells was performed using Ingenuity Pathway Anal. and InnateDB programs. We demonstrate that TIS Cal51 cells treated with 75 nm PTX for 7 days became senescent (senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) pos., Ki67-neg., increased p21 and p16, G2/M cell cycle arrest) and released significantly more EVs (P = 0.0002) and exosomes (P = 0.0007) than non-senescent control cells. Moreover, TIS cells displayed an increased expression of the multidrug resistance protein 1/p-glycoprotein. MS anal. demonstrated that EVs derived from senescent Cal51 cells contained 142 proteins with a significant increased fold change compared with control EVs. Key proteins included ATPases, annexins, tubulins, integrins, Rabs and insoluble senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors. A fluorescent analog of PTX (Flutax-2) allowed appreciation of the removal of chemotherapy in EVs from senescent cells. Treatment of TIS cells with the exosome biogenesis inhibitor GW4869 resulted in reduced SA-β-Gal staining (P = 0.04). In summary, this study demonstrates that TIS cells release significantly more EVs compared with control cells, containing chemotherapy and key proteins involved in cell proliferation, ATP depletion, apoptosis and the SASP. These findings may partially explain why cancer senescent cells remain viable despite chemo therapeutic challenge.

Oncogenesis published new progress about Annexins Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Related Products of 6823-69-4.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Beckmann, Udo; Sueslueyan, Diyana; Kunz, PeterC. published the artcile< Is the 1JPSe Coupling Constant a Reliable Probe for the Basicity of Phosphines? A 31P NMR Study>, Recommanded Product: 5-Bromo-1-methyl-1H-imidazole, the main research area is coupling constant phosphine basicity probe.

The influence of different heteroaryl and functionalized aryl substituents on the electron-donating ability and basicity of the phosphorus atoms in heteroaryl phosphines and diphosphines has been determined by the use of the direct 1JPSe coupling constants of the corresponding selenides. The generality of the use of 31P-77Se spin-spin coupling constants as probe for the basicity of phosphines is discussed as well as the scope and limits of this concept.

Phosphorus, Sulfur and Silicon and the Related Elements published new progress about Basicity (Broensted). 1003-21-0 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C4H5BrN2, Recommanded Product: 5-Bromo-1-methyl-1H-imidazole.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Daghlavi, Amneh; Kowsari, Elaheh; Abdouss, Majid; Ghasemi, Mohammad Hadi; Asadi, Elham published the artcile< Catalytic synthesis of thiazolidines by the reaction of Nef-isocyanide reaction>, COA of Formula: C7H12N2S, the main research area is phosphoric acid graphene oxide catalyst preparation thiazolidine Nef isocyanide.

A practical and efficient method for the synthesis of thiazolidine derivatives via Nef-isocyanide three-component reaction using supported phosphoric acid on graphene oxide (GO-H2PO4) is described. A relatively simple method starting with cyclic and acyclic thiourea was employed. The catalyst was characterized using FTIR, SEM, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction techniques. Using a combination of acetonitrile as solvent and GO-H2PO4 as a catalytic system, the best results were obtained. All products were characterized using m.p., FTIR, MASS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR techniques. The use of com. available chems., reusability of the catalyst, high yields, decreased environmental hazards, with no need for the separation of stereoisomers, and, consequently, a reduced number of overall steps are the advantages of this approach that make it an appropriate choice at an increased scale.

Research on Chemical Intermediates published new progress about Imidazoles Role: SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 30086-64-7 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C7H12N2S, COA of Formula: C7H12N2S.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Chen, Shuai; Graceffa, Russell F.; Boezio, Alessandro A. published the artcile< Direct, Regioselective N-Alkylation of 1,3-Azoles>, COA of Formula: C4H5BrN2, the main research area is regioselective alkylation azole purine organomagnesium reagent.

Regioselective N-alkylation of 1,3-azoles is a valuable transformation. Organomagnesium reagents were discovered to be competent bases to affect regioselective alkylation of various 1,3-azoles. Counterintuitively, substitution selectively occurred at the more sterically hindered nitrogen atom. Numerous examples are provided, on varying 1,3-azole scaffolds, with yields ranging from 25 to 95%.

Organic Letters published new progress about Alkylation, regioselective. 1003-21-0 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C4H5BrN2, COA of Formula: C4H5BrN2.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Donate, Paula B.; de Lima, Kalil Alves; Peres, Raphael S.; Almeida, Fausto; Fukada, Sandra Y.; Silva, Tarcilia A.; Nascimento, Daniele C.; Cecilio, Nerry T.; Talbot, Jhimmy; Oliveira, Rene D.; Passos, Geraldo A.; Alves-Filho, Jose Carlos; Cunha, Thiago M.; Louzada-Junior, Paulo; Liew, Foo Y.; Cunha, Fernando Q. published the artcile< Cigarette smoke induces miR-132 in Th17 cells that enhance osteoclastogenesis in inflammatory arthritis>, Electric Literature of 6823-69-4, the main research area is rheumatoid arthritis osteoclastogenesis microRNA132 Th17 cell cigarette smoke; Th17; cigarette smoke; exosomes; osteoclastogenesis; rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by joint destruction and severe morbidity. Cigarette smoking (CS) can exacerbate the incidence and severity of RA. Although Th17 cells and the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) have been implicated, the mechanism by which CS induces RA development remains unclear. Here, using transcriptomic anal., we show that microRNA-132 is specifically induced in Th17 cells in the presence of either AhR agonist or CS-enriched medium. miRNA-132 thus induced is packaged into extracellular vesicles produced by Th17 and acts as a proinflammatory mediator increasing osteoclastogenesis through the down-regulation of COX2. In vivo, articular knockdown of miR-132 in murine arthritis models reduces the number of osteoclasts in the joints. Clin., RA patients express higher levels of miR-132 than do healthy individuals. This increase is further elevated by cigarette smoking. Together, these results reveal a hitherto unrecognized mechanism by which CS could exacerbate RA and further advance understanding of the impact of environmental factors on the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America published new progress about Argonaute proteins Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study) (2). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Electric Literature of 6823-69-4.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Ilnytska, Olga; Jeziorek, Maciej; Lai, Kimberly; Altan-Bonnet, Nihal; Dobrowolski, Radek; Storch, Judith published the artcile< Lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA) enrichment promotes cholesterol egress via exosomes in Niemann Pick type C1 deficient cells>, Recommanded Product: p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride, the main research area is NPC1 exosome cholesterol egress lysobisphosphatidic acid; Bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate; Cholesterol; Exosomes; Extracellular vesicles; Lysobisphosphatidic acid; Niemann-Pick C disease; Phosphatidylglycerol.

This article demonstrate that NPC1-independent cholesterol egress in PG/LBPA enriched cells occurs, at least in part, via increased exosomal secretion. We probed Western blots of exosome-enriched preparations from the culture supernatants of untreated and PG-treated human primary NPC1 fibroblasts (GM03123), and found that 24 h PG treatment increased the amount of three classical exosomal markers, Alix, Flotillin-1, and CD63, in the exosome fraction by approx. 2- to 5-fold in FBS-free medium. Immunofluorescent imaging of luminal LAMP1, a marker of the endo-lysosomal compartment, in non-permeabilized NPC1 mutant fibroblasts, revealed a 6 to 10-fold increase in LAMP1-pos. organelles near the cell surface at 3 and 6 h of PG incubation, suggesting their exocytosis at early time points after treatment. We also found that the amount of cholesterol is reduced in exosomes released from cells that were first pretreated with GW4869 for 12 h and then incubated with PG in the presence of GW4869 for an addnl. 24 h, relative to cells incubated with PG but not treated with the compound Increase in C18:1,22:6 LBPA species in PG-treated cells may contribute to the formation of ILV, leading to increased exosome secretion and, hence, increased cholesterol secretion. The author concluded that PG treatment of NPC1 deficient cells leads to a reduction in LE/LY cholesterol accumulation, at least in part via exosomal egress.

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids published new progress about Animal gene Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study) (Alix). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Recommanded Product: p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem