On July 31, 2004, Chen, Hauh-Jyun Candy; Wu, Chan-Fu; Hong, Chia-Liang; Chang, Chia-Ming published an article.Product Details of 55662-66-3 The title of the article was Urinary Excretion of 3,N4-Etheno-2′-deoxycytidine in Humans as a Biomarker of Oxidative Stress: Association with Cigarette Smoking. And the article contained the following:
Smokers are known to have elevated levels of lipid peroxidation, a form of oxidative stress. Etheno DNA adduct formation can originate from endogenous lipid peroxidation or from exogenous exposure of carcinogens. Using a modified stable isotope dilution GC/neg. ion chem. ionization/MS assay originally developed for urinary 3,N4-ethenocytosine (εCyt), the nucleoside 3,N4-etheno-2′-deoxycytidine (εdCyd) was detected for the first time in human urine. The presence of εdCyd in human urine was confirmed by LC/electrospray ionization/tandem MS. Concentrations of εdCyd in the 24 h urine samples from healthy individuals not occupationally exposed to industrial chems. were in the range between 0 and 0.80 nM. A statistically significant correlation was established between cigarette smoking and urinary excretion of εdCyd after being adjusted for creatinine (p = 0.004). Furthermore, the urinary total antioxidant capacity was found to correlate inversely with the εdCyd levels (r = -0.50, p = 0.02). The results indicate that urinary εdCyd may provide a valuable noninvasive biomarker for oxidative DNA damage. The experimental process involved the reaction of Imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidin-5(6H)-one(cas: 55662-66-3).Product Details of 55662-66-3
The Article related to urine etheno deoxycytidine biomarker oxidative stress cigarette smoking, Toxicology: Methods (Including Analysis) and other aspects.Product Details of 55662-66-3
Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem