Month: November 2022

On May 31, 2020, Hasan, Mehedi Md.; Manavalan, Balachandran; Shoombuatong, Watshara; Khatun, Mst. Shamima; Kurata, Hiroyuki published an article.Name: N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine The title of the article was i6mA-Fuse: improved and robust prediction of DNA 6 mA sites in the Rosaceae genome by fusing multiple feature representation. And the article contained the following:

DNA N6-methyladenine (6 mA) is one of the most vital epigenetic modifications and involved in controlling the various gene expression levels. With the avalanche of DNA sequences generated in numerous databases, the accurate identification of 6 mA plays an essential role for understanding mol. mechanisms. Because the exptl. approaches are time-consuming and costly, it is desirable to develop a computation model for rapidly and accurately identifying 6 mA. To the best of our knowledge, we first proposed a computational model named i6mA-Fuse to predict 6 mA sites from the Rosaceae genomes, especially in Rosa chinensis and Fragaria vesca. We implemented the five encoding schemes, i.e., mononucleotide binary, dinucleotide binary, k-space spectral nucleotide, k-mer, and electron-ion interaction pseudo potential compositions, to build the five, single-encoding random forest (RF) models. The i6mA-Fuse uses a linear regression model to combine the predicted probability scores of the five, single encoding-based RF models. The resultant species-specific i6mA-Fuse achieved remarkably high performances with AUCs of 0.982 and 0.978 and with MCCs of 0.869 and 0.858 on the independent datasets of Rosa chinensis and Fragaria vesca, resp. In the F. vesca-specific i6mA-Fuse, the MBE and EIIP contributed to 75% and 25% of the total prediction; in the R. chinensis-specific i6mA-Fuse, Kmer, MBE, and EIIP contribute to 15%, 65%, and 20% of the total prediction. To assist high-throughput prediction for DNA 6 mA identification, the i6mA-Fuse is publicly accessible at https://kurata14.bio.kyutech.ac.jp/i6mA-Fuse/. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine(cas: 443-72-1).Name: N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine

The Article related to methyladenine fuse dna genome rosa fragaria, dna 6 ma, feature encoding, machine learning, sequence analysis, Biochemical Methods: Apparatus and other aspects.Name: N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

On March 31, 2022, Hui, Wenyan; Zhang, Wenyi; Li, Jing; Kwok, Lai-Yu; Zhang, Heping; Kong, Jian; Sun, Tiansong published an article.HPLC of Formula: 443-72-1 The title of the article was Functional analysis of the second methyltransferase in the bacteriophage exclusion system of Lactobacillus casei Zhang. And the article contained the following:

The antiphage ability is an important feature of fermentation strains in the dairy industry. Our previous work described the bacteriophage exclusion (BREX) system in the probiotic strain, Lactobacillus casei Zhang. The function of L. casei Zhang pglX gene in mediating 5′-ACRCm6AG-3′ methylation was also confirmed. This study aimed to further dissect the function of the BREX system of L. casei Zhang by inactivating its second methyltransferase gene (LCAZH_2054). The methylome of the mutant, L. casei Zhang Δ2054, was profiled by single-mol. real-time sequencing. Then, the cell morphol., growth, plasmid transformation efficiency, and stability of the wildtype and mutant were compared. The mutant did not have an observable effect in microscopic and colony morphol., but it reached a higher cell d. after entering the exponential phase without obvious increase in the cell viability. The mutant had fewer 5′-ACRCm6AG-3′ methylation compared with the wildtype (1835 vs. 1906). Interestingly, no significant difference was observed in the transformation efficiency between the 2 strains when plasmids without cognate recognition sequence (pSec:Leiss:Nuc and pG+host9) were transformed, contrasting to transforming cells with cognate recognition sequence-containing plasmids (pMSP3535 and pTRKH2). The efficiency of transforming pMSP3535 into the LCAZH_2054 mutant was significantly lower than the wildtype, whereas an opposite trend was seen in pTRKH2 transformation. Moreover, compared with the wildtype, the mutant strain had higher capacity in retaining pMSP3535 and lower capacity in retaining pTRKH2, suggesting an unequal tolerance level to different foreign DNA. In conclusion, LCAZH_2054 was not directly responsible for 5′-ACRCm6AG-3′ methylation in L. casei Zhang, but it might help regulate the function and specificity of the BREX system. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine(cas: 443-72-1).HPLC of Formula: 443-72-1

The Article related to methyltransferase bacteriophage lactobacillus, lactobacillus casei zhang, bacteriophage exclusion system, methyltransferase, phage infection, transformation efficiency, Food and Feed Chemistry: Other and other aspects.HPLC of Formula: 443-72-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Fernandes, Sara B.; Grova, Nathalie; Roth, Sarah; Duca, Radu Corneliu; Godderis, Lode; Guebels, Pauline; Meriaux, Sophie B.; Lumley, Andrew I.; Bouillaud-Kremarik, Pascaline; Ernens, Isabelle; Devaux, Yvan; Schroeder, Henri; Turner, Jonathan D. published an article in 2021, the title of the article was N6-methyladenine in eukaryotic DNA: tissue distribution, early embryo development, and neuronal toxicity.Product Details of 443-72-1 And the article contains the following content:

DNA methylation is one of the most important epigenetic modifications and is closely related with several biol. processes such as regulation of gene transcription and the development of non-malignant diseases. The prevailing dogma states that DNA methylation in eukaryotes occurs essentially through 5-methylcytosine (5mC) but recently adenine methylation was also found to be present in eukaryotes. In mouse embryonic stem cells, 6-methyladenine (6mA) was associated with the repression and silencing of genes, particularly in the X-chromosome, known to play an important role in cell fate determination Here, we have demonstrated that 6mA is a ubiquitous eukaryotic epigenetic modification that is put in place during epigenetically sensitive periods such as embryogenesis and fetal development. In somatic cells there are clear tissue specificity in 6mA levels, with the highest 6mA levels being observed in the brain. In zebrafish, during the first 120 h of embryo development, from a single pluripotent cell to an almost fully formed individual, 6mA levels steadily increase. An identical pattern was observed over embryonic days 7-21 in the mouse. Furthermore, exposure to a neurotoxic environmental pollutant during the same early life period may led to a decrease in the levels of this modification in female rats. The identification of the periods during which 6mA epigenetic marks are put in place increases our understanding of this mammalian epigenetic modification, and raises the possibility that it may be associated with developmental processes. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine(cas: 443-72-1).Product Details of 443-72-1

The Article related to methyladenine eukaryotic dna early embryo development neuronal toxicity, 6-methyladenine, dna methylation, brain, developmental neurotoxicity, embryo development, stress, Pharmaceuticals: Pharmaceutics and other aspects.Product Details of 443-72-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

On August 5, 2004, Food and Drug Administration published an article.HPLC of Formula: 65896-14-2 The title of the article was Implantation or injectable dosage form new animal drugs; romifidine. And the article contained the following:

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is amending the animal drug regulations to reflect approval of a new animal drug application (NADA) field by Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. The NADA provides for the veterinary prescription use of romifidine hydrochloride injectable solution in horses as a sedative and analgesic, and as a preanesthetic agent. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-(2-Bromo-6-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine hydrochloride(cas: 65896-14-2).HPLC of Formula: 65896-14-2

The Article related to romifidine standard injection horse, Pharmaceuticals: Drug Standards and other aspects.HPLC of Formula: 65896-14-2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Tsukiyama, Sho; Hasan, Mehedi Md; Deng, Hong-Wen; Kurata, Hiroyuki published an article in 2022, the title of the article was BERT6mA: prediction of DNA N6-methyladenine site using deep learning-based approaches.Recommanded Product: 443-72-1 And the article contains the following content:

N6-methyladenine (6mA) is associated with important roles in DNA replication, DNA repair, transcription, regulation of gene expression. Several exptl. methods were used to identify DNA modifications. However, these exptl. methods are costly and time-consuming. To detect the 6mA and complement these shortcomings of exptl. methods, we proposed a novel, deep leaning approach called BERT6mA. To compare the BERT6mA with other deep learning approaches, we used the benchmark datasets including 11 species. The BERT6mA presented the highest AUCs in eight species in independent tests. Furthermore, BERT6mA showed higher and comparable performance with the state-of-the-art models while the BERT6mA showed poor performances in a few species with a small sample size. To overcome this issue, pretraining and fine-tuning between two species were applied to the BERT6mA. The pretrained and fine-tuned models on specific species presented higher performances than other models even for the species with a small sample size. In addition to the prediction, we analyzed the attention weights generated by BERT6mA to reveal how the BERT6mA model extracts critical features responsible for the 6mA prediction. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine(cas: 443-72-1).Recommanded Product: 443-72-1

The Article related to dna n6 methyladenine deep learning, 6ma modification prediction, bert, cnn, gru, lstm, word2vec, Biochemical Methods: Biological and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 443-72-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Li, Hao; Zhang, Ning; Wang, Yuechen; Xia, Siyuan; Zhu, Yating; Xing, Chen; Tian, Xuefeng; Du, Yinan published an article in 2022, the title of the article was DNA N6-methyladenine modification in eukaryotic genome.Name: N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine And the article contains the following content:

A review. DNA methylation is treated as an important epigenetic mark in various biol. activities. In the past, a large number of articles focused on 5 mC while lacking attention to N6-methyladenine (6 mA). The presence of 6 mA modification was previously discovered only in prokaryotes. Recently, with the development of detection technologies, 6 mA has been found in several eukaryotes, including protozoans, metazoans, plants, and fungi. The importance of 6 mA in prokaryotes and single-celled eukaryotes has been widely accepted. However, due to the incredibly low d. of 6 mA and restrictions on detection technologies, the prevalence of 6 mA and its role in biol. processes in eukaryotic organisms are highly debated. In this review, we first summarize the advantages and disadvantages of 6 mA detection methods. Then, we conclude existing reports on the prevalence of 6 mA in eukaryotic organisms. Next, we highlight possible methyltransferases, demethylases, and the recognition proteins of 6 mA. In addition, we summarize the functions of 6 mA in eukaryotes. Last but not least, we summarize our point of view and put forward the problems that need further research. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine(cas: 443-72-1).Name: N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine

The Article related to review dna methyladenine modification eukaryotic genome, dna modification, n6-methyladenine, epigenetics, eukaryotic genome, methylation, Mammalian Biochemistry: Reviews and other aspects.Name: N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Zhang, Ying; Liu, Yan; Xu, Jian; Wang, Xiaoyu; Peng, Xinxin; Song, Jiangning; Yu, Dong-Jun published an article in 2021, the title of the article was Leveraging the attention mechanism to improve the identification of DNA N6-methyladenine sites.Formula: C6H7N5 And the article contains the following content:

DNA N6-methyladenine is an important type of DNA modification that plays important roles in multiple biol. processes. Despite the recent progress in developing DNA 6mA site prediction methods, several challenges remain to be addressed. For example, although the hand-crafted features are interpretable, they contain redundant information that may bias the model training and have a neg. impact on the trained model. Furthermore, although deep learning (DL)-based models can perform feature extraction and classification automatically, they lack the interpretability of the crucial features learned by those models. As such, considerable research efforts have been focused on achieving the trade-off between the interpretability and straight forwardness of DL neural networks. In this study, we develop two new DL-based models for improving the prediction of N6-methyladenine sites, termed LA6mA and AL6mA, which use bidirectional long short-term memory to resp. capture the long-range information and self-attention mechanism to extract the key position information from DNA sequences. The performance of the two proposed methods is benchmarked and evaluated on the two model organisms Arabidopsis thaliana and Drosophila melanogaster. On the two benchmark datasets, LA6mA achieves an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) value of 0.962 and 0.966, whereas AL6mA achieves an AUROC value of 0.945 and 0.941, resp. Moreover, an in-depth anal. of the attention matrix is conducted to interpret the important information, which is hidden in the sequence and relevant for 6mA site prediction. The two novel pipelines developed for DNA 6mA site prediction in this work will facilitate a better understanding of the underlying principle of DL-based DNA methylation site prediction and its future applications. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine(cas: 443-72-1).Formula: C6H7N5

The Article related to arabidopsis drosophila dna n6 methyladenine, 6ma, dna modification, lstm, attention interpretation, deep learning, self-attention mechanism, Biochemical Methods: Biological and other aspects.Formula: C6H7N5

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

On March 31, 2021, Murphy, Manoharan; Theyagarajan, K.; Thenmozhi, Kathavarayan; Senthilkumar, Sellappan published an article.Safety of N-(3-Aminopropyl)-imidazole The title of the article was Direct electrochemistry of covalently immobilized hemoglobin on a naphthylimidazolium butyric acid ionic liquid/MWCNT matrix. And the article contained the following:

Monitoring the concentration levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is significant in both clin. and industrial applications. Herein, we develop a facile biosensor for the detection of H2O2 based on direct electron transfer of Hb (Hb), which was covalently immobilized on a hydrophobic naphthylimidazolium butyric acid ionic liquid (NIBA-IL) over a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to obtain an Hb/NIBA-IL/MWCNT/GCE. Highly water-soluble Hb protein was firmly immobilized on NIBA-IL via stable amide bonding between the free -NH2 groups of Hb and -COOH groups of NIBA-IL via EDC/NHS coupling. Thus fabricated biosensor showed a well resolved redox peak with a cathodic peak potential (Epc) at -0.35 V and anodic peak potential (Epa) at -0.29 V with a formal potential (E°’) of -0.32 V, which corresponds to the deeply buried FeIII/FeII redox center of Hb, thereby direct electrochem. of Hb was established. Further, the modified electrode demonstrated very good electrocatalytic activity towards H2O2 reduction and showed a wide linear range of detection from 0.01 to 6.3 mM with a limit of detection and sensitivity of 3.2μM and 111μA mM-1 cm-2, resp. Moreover, the developed biosensor displayed high operational stability under dynamic conditions as well as during continuous potential cycles and showed reliable reproducibility. The superior performance of the fabricated biosensor is attributed to the effective covalent immobilization of Hb on the newly developed highly conducting and biocompatible NIBA-IL/MWCNT/GCE platform. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-(3-Aminopropyl)-imidazole(cas: 5036-48-6).Safety of N-(3-Aminopropyl)-imidazole

The Article related to hydrogen peroxide naphthylimidazolium butyric acid mwcnt hb immobilization, biosensor, direct electrochemistry, hemoglobin, hydrogen peroxide, ionic liquid, Biochemical Methods: Electrical and other aspects.Safety of N-(3-Aminopropyl)-imidazole

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Wan, Liqi; Lam, Sik Lok; Lee, Hung Kay; Guo, Pei published an article in 2021, the title of the article was Effects of adenine methylation on the structure and thermodynamic stability of a DNA minidumbbell.Recommanded Product: 443-72-1 And the article contains the following content:

DNA methylation is a prevalent regulatory modification in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. N1-methyladenine (m1A) and N6-methyladenine (m6A) have been found to be capable of altering DNA structures via disturbing Watson-Crick base pairing. However, little has been known about their influences on non-B DNA structures, which are associated with genetic instabilities. In this work, we investigated the effects of m1A and m6A on both the structure and thermodn. stability of a newly reported DNA minidumbbell formed by two TTTA tetranucleotide repeats. As revealed by the results of NMR spectroscopic studies, both m1A and m6A favored the formation of a T·m1A and T·m6A Hoogsteen base pair, resp. More intriguingly, the m1A and m6A modifications brought about stabilization and destabilization effects on the DNA minidumbbell, resp. This work provides new biophys. insights into the effects of adenine methylation on the structure and thermodn. stability of DNA. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine(cas: 443-72-1).Recommanded Product: 443-72-1

The Article related to adenine methylation dna minidumbbell thermodn stability, dna methylation, dna minidumbbell, n1-methyladenine, n6-methyladenine, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Biochemical Methods: Biological and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 443-72-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

On July 31, 2013, Shirasaka, Yoshiyuki; Sager, Jennifer E.; Lutz, Justin D.; Davis, Connie; Isoherranen, Nina published an article.SDS of cas: 73590-85-9 The title of the article was Inhibition of CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 by omeprazole metabolites and their contribution to drug-drug interactions. And the article contained the following:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of metabolites to drug-drug interactions (DDI) using the inhibition of CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 by omeprazole and its metabolites as a model. Of the metabolites identified in vivo, 5-hydroxyomeprazole, 5′-O-desmethylomeprazole, omeprazole sulfone, and carboxyomeprazole had a metabolite to parent area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUCm/AUCp) ratio ≥ 0.25 when either total or unbound concentrations were measured after a single 20-mg dose of omeprazole in a cocktail. All of the metabolites inhibited CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 reversibly. In addition omeprazole, omeprazole sulfone, and 5′-O-desmethylomeprazole were time dependent inhibitors (TDI) of CYP2C19, whereas omeprazole and 5′-O-desmethylomeprazole were found to be TDIs of CYP3A4. The in vitro inhibition constants and in vivo plasma concentrations were used to evaluate whether characterization of the metabolites affected DDI risk assessment. Identifying omeprazole as a TDI of both CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 was the most important factor in DDI risk assessment. Consideration of reversible inhibition by omeprazole and its metabolites would not identify DDI risk with CYP3A4, and with CYP2C19, reversible inhibition values would only identify DDI risk if the metabolites were included in the assessment. On the basis of inactivation data, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 inhibition by omeprazole would be sufficient to identify risk, but metabolites were predicted to contribute 30-63% to the in vivo hepatic interactions. Therefore, consideration of metabolites may be important in quant. predictions of in vivo DDIs. The results of this study show that, although metabolites contribute to in vivo DDIs, their relative abundance in circulation or logP values do not predict their contribution to in vivo DDI risk. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5-Methoxy-2-[[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridyl)methyl]thio]benzimidazole(cas: 73590-85-9).SDS of cas: 73590-85-9

The Article related to omeprazole metabolism intestine liver cyp2c19 cyp3a4 protein, Pharmacology: Structure-Activity and other aspects.SDS of cas: 73590-85-9

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem