Month: December 2022

Pini, J. J. P. B. published the artcileDegranulation of rat mesentery mast cells by antihistamines: influence of ionization, Application In Synthesis of 2508-72-7, the publication is Agents and Actions (1978), 8(5), 491-6, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Classical antihistamines were potent rat mast cell degranulators active in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 mM at pH 8.4. No relation between their potency as mast cell degranulators and their chem. structure or their activity as inhibitors of peripheral H₁ histamine receptors could be established. Halogenation of diphenhydramine-HCl [147-24-0] and cyclizine-HCl [303-25-3], but not of promethazine [60-87-7], increased their activity. The alkylamino side chain of phenothiazine does not seem to be essential for degranulation since toluidine blue [92-31-9] and methylene blue [61-73-4], which lack it, were also active. Thionin [581-64-6], whose amino groups in the phenothiazine ring are not methylated, was inactive. The action of antihistamines on mast cells increased with an increase of pH, suggesting that activity can mainly be attributed to the uncharged base. However, the ionized mol. must be active at lower pH too. Above certain concentrations, antihistamines became inactive both at pH 7.0 and 8.4. At these higher concentrations, promethazine inhibited degranulation induced by chlorcyclizine or compound 48/80, an action not reversed by glucose. Thus, mast cell degranulation by antihistamines does not seem to be caused by the ionized base acting inside the cell following penetration of the cell membrane by the lipid soluble uncharged mol.

Agents and Actions published new progress about 2508-72-7. 2508-72-7 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Immunology/Inflammation,Histamine Receptor, name is N-Benzyl-N-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)aniline hydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C17H20ClN3, Application In Synthesis of 2508-72-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Purschke, Kirsten published the artcileEvaluation of Nontarget Long-Term LC-HRMS Time Series Data Using Multivariate Statistical Approaches, COA of Formula: C11H8ClN3, the publication is Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC, United States) (2020), 92(18), 12273-12281, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The use of liquid chromatog. coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) has steadily increased in many application fields ranging from metabolomics to environmental science. HRMS data are frequently used for nontarget screening (NTS), i.e., the search for compounds that are not previously known and where no reference substances are available. However, the large quantity of data produced by NTS anal. workflows makes data interpretation and time-dependent monitoring of samples very sophisticated and necessitates exploiting chemometric data processing techniques. Consequently, a prioritization method to handle time series in nontarget data was established. As proof of concept, industrial wastewater was studied. As routine industrial wastewater analyses monitor the occurrence of a limited number of targeted water contaminants, NTS provides the opportunity to detect also unknown trace organic compounds (TrOCs) that are not in the focus of routine target anal. The developed prioritization method enables reducing raw data and including identification of prioritized unknown contaminants. To that end, a five-month time series for industrial wastewaters was used, analyzed by liquid chromatog.-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-qTOF-MS), and evaluated by NTS. Following peak detection, alignment, grouping, and blank subtraction, 3303 features were obtained of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) influent samples. Subsequently, two complementary ways for exploratory time trend detection and feature prioritization are proposed. Therefore, following a prefiltering step, featurewise principal component anal. (PCA) and groupwise PCA (GPCA) of the matrix (temporal wise) were used to annotate trends of relevant wastewater contaminants. With sparse factorization of data matrixes using GPCA, groups of correlated features/mass fragments or adducts were detected, recovered, and prioritized. Similarities and differences in the chem. composition of wastewater samples were observed over time to reveal hidden factors accounting for the structure of the data. The detected features were reduced to 130 relevant time trends related to TrOCs for identification. Exemplarily, as proof of concept, one nontarget pollutant was identified as N-methylpyrrolidone. The developed chemometric strategies of this study are not only suitable for industrial wastewater but also could be efficiently employed for time trend exploration in other scientific fields.

Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC, United States) published new progress about 120118-14-1. 120118-14-1 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Imidazole,Chloride,Nitrile,Benzene, name is 4-Chloro-5-(p-tolyl)-1H-imidazole-2-carbonitrile, and the molecular formula is C11H8ClN3, COA of Formula: C11H8ClN3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Liu, Yaxu published the artcileVersatile and Highly Efficient trans-[Pd(NHC)Cl₂(DMS/THT)] Precatalysts for C-N and C-C Coupling Reactions in Green Solvents, Synthetic Route of 258278-25-0, the publication is European Journal of Organic Chemistry (2022), 2022(14), e202200309, database is CAplus.

A straightforward synthetic procedure to well-defined, air- and moisture- stable trans-[Pd(NHC)Cl₂(DMS/THT)] (NHC=IPr, SIPr, IMes, IPrCl, IPr*, IPr#) pre-catalysts was reported. These complexes were obtained by reacting NHC.HCl imidazolium salts with trans-[PdCl₂(DMS/THT)2] precursors with the assistance of the weak base K₂CO₃ in green acetone at40°C. The scalability of this protocol was demonstrated. The catalytic activity of the synthesized complexes was studied in the Buchwald-Hartwig and Suzuki-Miyaura reactions. Remarkably, most of the synthesized complexes exhibited higher catalytic activity with respect to their PEPPSI congeners in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination in 2-MeTHF. In particular, complex trans-[Pd(IPr#)Cl₂(DMS)] enabled the coupling of various (hetero)aryl chlorides and primary/secondary amines with a 0.2 mol% catalyst loading. In addition, trans-[Pd(IPr)Cl₂(DMS)] showed excellent performance in the room-temperature Suzuki-Miyaura reaction involving various (hetero)aryl chlorides and aryl boronic acids. In summary, the synthesized complexes, especially trans-[Pd(NHC)Cl₂(DMS)], was considered as greener alternatives to classical PEPPSI type catalysts based on the lower toxicity of the throw-away DMS ligand compared to 3-chloropyridine.

European Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 258278-25-0. 258278-25-0 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Achiral NHCs Ligands, name is 1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride, and the molecular formula is C27H39ClN2, Synthetic Route of 258278-25-0.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Khomenko, T. M. published the artcileAn efficient procedure for the synthesis of Esomeprazole using a titanium complex with two chiral ligands, Quality Control of 161796-78-7, the publication is Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry (2008), 44(1), 124-127, database is CAplus.

A procedure has been proposed for the selective preparation of Esomeprazole [(S)-I] via asym. oxidation of the corresponding prochiral sulfide in the presence of a catalytic complex derived from titanium(IV) isopropoxide and two different chiral ligands, di-Et D-tartrate and (R)-N,N-dimethyl-1-phenylethanamine.

Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 161796-78-7. 161796-78-7 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel,Proton Pump, name is Sodium (S)-6-methoxy-2-(((4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl)sulfinyl)benzo[d]imidazol-1-ide, and the molecular formula is C17H18N3NaO3S, Quality Control of 161796-78-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Wang, Tao published the artcileDesign and synthesis of tumor-targeting theranostic drug conjugates for SPECT and PET imaging studies, Quality Control of 359860-27-8, the publication is Bioorganic Chemistry (2018), 458-467, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Theranostics will play a significant role in the next-generation chemotherapy. Two novel tumor-targeting theranostic drug conjugates, bearing imaging arms, were designed and synthesized. These theranostic conjugates consist of biotin as the tumor-targeting moiety, a second generation taxoid, SB-T-1214, as a potent anticancer drug, and two different imaging arms for capturing ^99mTc for SPECT (single photon emission computed tomog.) and ⁶⁴Cu for PET (positron emission tomog.). To explore the best reaction conditions for capturing radionuclides and work out the chem. directly applicable to “hot” nuclides, cold chem. was investigated to capture ¹⁸⁵Re(I) and ⁶³Cu(II) species as surrogates for ^99mTc and ⁶⁴Cu, resp.

Bioorganic Chemistry published new progress about 359860-27-8. 359860-27-8 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Other Aliphatic Heterocyclic,Chiral,Amine,Amide,Ether,Inhibitor, name is N-(2-(2-(2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)-5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanamide, and the molecular formula is C15H20O6, Quality Control of 359860-27-8.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Seitz, Joshua D. published the artcileDesign, synthesis and application of fluorine-labeled taxoids as ¹⁹F NMR probes for the metabolic stability assessment of tumor-targeted drug delivery systems, Related Products of imidazoles-derivatives, the publication is Journal of Fluorine Chemistry (2015), 148-161, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Novel tumor-targeting drug conjugates, BLT-F₂ (1) and BLT-S-F₆ (2), bearing a fluorotaxoid as the warhead, a mechanism-based self-immolative disulfide linker, and biotin as the tumor-targeting module, were designed and synthesized as ¹⁹F NMR probes. Fluorine atoms and CF₃ groups were strategically incorporated into the conjugates to investigate the mechanism of linker cleavage and factors that influence their plasma and metabolic stability by real-time monitoring with ¹⁹F NMR. Time-resolved ¹⁹F NMR study on probe 1 disclosed a stepwise mechanism for release of a fluorotaxoid, which might not have been detected by other anal. methods. Probe 2 was designed to bear two CF₃ groups in the taxoid moiety as “3-FAB” reporters for enhanced sensitivity and a polyethylene glycol oligomer insert to improve solubility The clean anal. of the linker stability and reactivity of drug conjugates in blood plasma or cell culture media by HPLC and ¹H NMR is troublesome, due to the overlap of key signals/peaks with background arising from highly complex ingredients in biol. systems. Accordingly, the use of ¹⁹F NMR would provide a practical solution to this problem. In fact, our “3-FAB” probe 2 was proven to be highly useful to investigate the stability and reactivity of the self-immolative disulfide linker system in human blood plasma by ¹⁹F NMR. It has also been revealed that the use of polysorbate 80 as excipient for the formulation of probe 2 dramatically increases the stability of the disulfide linker system. This finding further indicates that the tumor-targeting drug conjugates with polysorbate 80/EtOH/saline formulation for in vivo studies would have high stability in blood plasma, while the drug release in cancer cells proceeds smoothly.

Journal of Fluorine Chemistry published new progress about 359860-27-8. 359860-27-8 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Other Aliphatic Heterocyclic,Chiral,Amine,Amide,Ether,Inhibitor, name is N-(2-(2-(2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)-5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanamide, and the molecular formula is C5H6N2O2, Related Products of imidazoles-derivatives.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

McKenzie, Kathleen M. published the artcileComplementary-DNA phage display: Simultaneous identification of multiple protein targets by using complementary-DNA phage display and a natural-product-mimetic probe, Product Details of C18H34N4O5S, the publication is Angewandte Chemie, International Edition (2004), 43(31), 4052-4055, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A novel selection protocol was devised for the simultaneous display cloning of three homologs of the FK506-binding protein (FKBP12, FKBP12.6, and FKBP13) by using AP1497, a mimetic OMe of FK506, and a T7 complementary-DNA phage-display library. A quant. on-phage binding assay was also performed to evaluate the affinity of the isolated proteins.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about 359860-27-8. 359860-27-8 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Other Aliphatic Heterocyclic,Chiral,Amine,Amide,Ether,Inhibitor, name is N-(2-(2-(2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)-5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanamide, and the molecular formula is C18H34N4O5S, Product Details of C18H34N4O5S.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Srinivas, Rao S. published the artcileA facile and Eco-friendly synthesis of 1-methyl-2-((alkylthio)methyl)-1H-benzimidazole, Synthetic Route of 4760-35-4, the publication is Heterocyclic Letters (2014), 4(2), 245-249, 5 pp., database is CAplus.

A green approach for the synthesis of 1-methyl-2-[(alkylthio)methyl]-1H-benzimidazoles I (R¹ = CH₃, C₂H₅, CH₂Ph) under different conditions was developed from N-methyl-2-thiomethylbenzimidazole (i.e. CH₃) by reacting with an alkylating agent by phys. grinding or by using green solvent like PEG-600 or by using microwave irradiation technique.

Heterocyclic Letters published new progress about 4760-35-4. 4760-35-4 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Chloride,Benzimidazole, name is 2-(Chloromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole, and the molecular formula is C16H24BF4Ir, Synthetic Route of 4760-35-4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Srinivas Rao, S. published the artcileSynthesis of N-alkyl-2-thiomethyl benzimidazoles: a green approach, SDS of cas: 4760-35-4, the publication is Organic Chemistry International (2014), 239710/1-239710/5, 5 pp., database is CAplus.

A green approach for the synthesis of N-alkyl-2-thiomethyl benzimidazoles I (R = CH₃, C₂H₅, CH₂Ph) under different conditions has been developed from N-alkyl-2-chloromethyl benzimidazoles by reaction with thiourea by phys. grinding, or by using green solvents like ethanol and PEG-600, or by using microwave irradiation technique.

Organic Chemistry International published new progress about 4760-35-4. 4760-35-4 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Chloride,Benzimidazole, name is 2-(Chloromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole, and the molecular formula is C9H9NO, SDS of cas: 4760-35-4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Athuluri-Divakar, Sai Krishna published the artcileA Small Molecule RAS-Mimetic Disrupts RAS Association with Effector Proteins to Block Signaling, Name: N-(2-(2-(2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)-5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanamide, the publication is Cell (Cambridge, MA, United States) (2016), 165(3), 643-655, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Oncogenic activation of RAS genes via point mutations occurs in 20%-30% of human cancers. The development of effective RAS inhibitors has been challenging, necessitating new approaches to inhibit this oncogenic protein. Functional studies have shown that the switch region of RAS interacts with a large number of effector proteins containing a common RAS-binding domain (RBD). Because RBD-mediated interactions are essential for RAS signaling, blocking RBD association with small mols. constitutes an attractive therapeutic approach. Here, the authors present evidence that rigosertib, a styryl-benzyl sulfone, acts as a RAS-mimetic and interacts with the RBDs of RAF kinases, resulting in their inability to bind to RAS, disruption of RAF activation, and inhibition of the RAS-RAF-MEK pathway. The authors also find that ribosertib binds to the RBDs of Ral-GDS and PI3Ks. These results suggest that targeting of RBDs across multiple signaling pathways by rigosertib may represent an effective strategy for inactivation of RAS signaling.

Cell (Cambridge, MA, United States) published new progress about 359860-27-8. 359860-27-8 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Other Aliphatic Heterocyclic,Chiral,Amine,Amide,Ether,Inhibitor, name is N-(2-(2-(2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)-5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanamide, and the molecular formula is C18H34N4O5S, Name: N-(2-(2-(2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)-5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem