Month: January 2023

Expanding the Chemical Space of Benzimidazole Dicationic Ionic Liquids was written by Mezzetta, Andrea;Guglielmero, Luca;Mero, Angelica;Tofani, Giorgio;D’Andrea, Felicia;Pomelli, Christian Silvio;Guazzelli, Lorenzo. And the article was included in Molecules in 2021.Electric Literature of C8H8N2 This article mentions the following:

Benzimidazole dicationic ionic liquids (BDILs) have not yet been widely explored in spite of their potential. Therefore, two structurally related families of BDILs, paired with either bromide or bistriflimide anions and bearing alkyl spacers ranging from C3 to C6, have been prepared Their thermal properties have been studied by thermogravimetric anal. (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), while their elec. properties have been assessed by cyclic voltammetry (CV). TG anal. confirmed the higher stability of the bistriflimide BDILs over the bromide BDILs, with minor variation within the two families. Conversely, DSC and CV allowed for ascertaining the role played by the spacer length. In particular, the thermal behavior changed dramatically among the members of the bistriflimide family, and all three possible thermal behavior types of ILs were observed Furthermore, cyclic voltammetry showed different electrochem. window (C₃(C₁BenzIm)₂/2Tf₂N < C₄(C₁BenzIm)₂/2Tf₂N, C₅(C₁BenzIm)₂/2Tf₂N < C₆(C₁BenzIm)₂/2Tf₂N) as well as a reduction peak potential, shape, and intensity as a function of the spacer length. The results obtained highlight the benefit of accessing a more structurally diverse pool of compounds offered by dicationic ILs when compared to the parent monocationic ILs. In particular, gains are to be found in the ease of fine-tuning their properties, which translates in facilitating further investigations toward BDILs as designer solvents and catalysts. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methylbenzimidazole (cas: 1632-83-3Electric Literature of C8H8N2).

1-Methylbenzimidazole (cas: 1632-83-3) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is the basic core of some natural products such as histidine, purine, histamine and DNA based structures, etc. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Many drugs contain an imidazole ring, such as certain antifungal drugs, the nitroimidazole series of antibiotics, and the sedative midazolam.Electric Literature of C8H8N2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

A re-examination of the genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of azathioprine. Comments was written by Rosenkranz, Herbert S.;Klopman, Gilles. And the article was included in Mutation Research, Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis in 1991.Product Details of 3034-41-1 This article mentions the following:

CASE, a novel artificial intelligence structure-activity relational method of anal., was used to study the structural basis of carcinogenicity of azathioprine. The criteria that were analyzed predicted azathioprine to be a genotoxic carcinogen. In addition, 6-mercaptopurine and 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole, both moieties of azathioprine, were predicted to have mutagenic potential. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-4-nitroimidazole (cas: 3034-41-1Product Details of 3034-41-1).

1-Methyl-4-nitroimidazole (cas: 3034-41-1) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3–C6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a This ring system is present in important biological building blocks, such as histidine and the related hormone histamine.Product Details of 3034-41-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Orthogonality and compatibility between Tsc and Fmoc amino-protecting groups was written by Choi, Jin Seok;Kang, Hunhui;Jeong, Nakcheol;Han, Hogyu. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2005.Reference of 109012-23-9 This article mentions the following:

New deprotection conditions that provide a complete orthogonality between Tsc [2-(4-trifluoromethylphenylsulfonyl)ethoxycarbonyl] and Fmoc amino-protecting groups are described. The potential of these orthogonal deprotection conditions was then demonstrated by the efficient solid-phase synthesis of branched peptides I (n = 0 or 3) using doubly protected amino acids such as Tsc-Lys(Fmoc)-OH and Fmoc-Lys(Tsc)-OH. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate (cas: 109012-23-9Reference of 109012-23-9).

Ethyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate (cas: 109012-23-9) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3–C6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a Imidazole based anticancer drug find applications in cancer chemotherapy. It is used as buffer component for purification of the histidine tagged recombinant proteins in immobilized metal-affinity chromatography (IMAC).Reference of 109012-23-9

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Blue Photosensitizer with Copper(II/I) Redox Mediator for Efficient and Stable Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells was written by Ren, Yameng;Flores-Diaz, Natalie;Zhang, Dan;Cao, Yiming;Decoppet, Jean-David;Fish, George Cameron;Moser, Jacques-E.;Zakeeruddin, Shaik Mohammed;Wang, Peng;Hagfeldt, Anders;Graetzel, Michael. And the article was included in Advanced Functional Materials in 2020.Application of 1632-83-3 This article mentions the following:

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) based on copper(II/I) redox mediators have recently achieved notable performance progress through tailoring the ligand structure of the copper complexes, exploiting cosensitization, and introducing an advanced device structure. In order to further improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE), it is imperative to develop wide spectral-response photosensitizers compatible with the copper(II/I) redox mediators while attaining a high Voc. Herein, a blue photosensitizer coded R7 is reported, which is purposely designed for highly efficient DSCs with copper-based electrolytes. R7 features a strong electron-donating segment of 9,19-dihydrobenzo[1′,10′ ]phenanthro[3′,4′:4,5]thieno[3,2-b]benzo[1,10]phenanthro[3,4-d]thiophene conjugated with a bulky auxiliary donor N-(2,4′-bis(hexyloxy)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-2,4′-bis(hexyloxy)-N-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-amine and the electron acceptor 4-(7-ethynylbenzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazol-4-yl)benzoic acid. The blue dye R7 with bulkier auxiliary donor moiety in the DSC largely outperforms the reference dye R6, which has a smaller bis(4-(hexyloxy)phenyl)amine donor unit. Transient absorption spectroscopy and electrochem. impedance spectroscopy measurements show that the R7 based DSC has a higher charge separation yield, a higher charge collection efficiency, and lower charge recombination with the copper electrolyte than the R6 based counterpart. A cosensitized system of R7 and Y123 for the DSC presents an outstanding PCE of 12.7% and retains 90% of its initial value after 1000 h of light soaking under 1 sun at 45 °C. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methylbenzimidazole (cas: 1632-83-3Application of 1632-83-3).

1-Methylbenzimidazole (cas: 1632-83-3) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is a heterocyclic compound with a five-membered planar ring. It is amphoteric and highly polar. Imidazole has been usedin the lysis, wash and elution buffer for the purification of histidine tagged Sonic Hedgehog(shh-N) protein, in elution buffer in stepwise gradient for the purification of histidine tagged aldo keto reductases using nickel affinity chromatography, as a component of homogenization buffer for the purification of phagosomal compartments from dendritic cells.Application of 1632-83-3

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Assessment of atomic partial charge schemes for polarisation and charge transfer effects in ionic liquids was written by Rigby, Jason;Izgorodina, Ekaterina I.. And the article was included in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics in 2013.Synthetic Route of C7H13ClN2 This article mentions the following:

In this work, we assess several popular at. partial charge schemes with the view of accurately quantifying charge distribution, dipole moments and charge transfer in routinely used ionic liquids (ILs). We investigated a series of ion pairs of imidazolium-based ILs such as [C_(1-4)mim]X (where X = Cl, BF₄ and NTf₂) and ionic clusters of [NMe₄][BF₄], [C₁mim][BF₄] and [C₁mim]Cl that were composed of two, four and eight ion pairs. Assessed partial charge schemes include restrained electrostatic potentials (RESP) employing ChelpG, Connolly and Geodesic point selection algorithms, as well as d. matrix partitioning schemes including Mulliken, Loewdin and Natural Population Anal. (NPA). The quality of charge distribution was analyzed using the following criteria: (1) treatment of symmetry identical atoms, (2) invariance of charge in the imidazolium ring with increasing alkyl chain and (3) recalcn. to dipole moments as a measure of electronic polarization. The RESP schemes such as Connolly and Geodesic clearly outperform the ChelpG scheme as well as the d. matrix-based schemes for these three criteria. Calculated partial charges reveal that dipole moments were best represented by the RESP schemes and confirmed the presence of charge transfer in ILs to a various degree. The degree of charge transfer was dependent on anions as well as cluster size. In the ion pairs, the chloride anion showed the largest charge transfer, followed by the NTf₂ and BF₄ anions. In ionic clusters the charge transfer was shown to gradually converge from two to eight ion pairs in the case of the [NMe₄][BF₄] and [C₁mim][BF₄] ILs to a value, close to that for corresponding ion pairs. In contrast, charge transfer in the [C₁mim]Cl clusters converges to a lower value, showing an unusually strong inter-ionic bond with the chloride anion. NPA charges were found to perform poorly, with near-unity charges being retained on the anions and cations in ion pairs and ionic clusters. Mulliken and Loewdin charges were shown to be highly basis set dependent and unpredictable with marked fluctuations in partial charges and therefore their use for ILs is particularly discouraged. Ability of the partial charge schemes to capture fluctuations in the dipole moment within the ionic clusters was also examined The Connolly and Geodesic RESP schemes were found to slightly outperform ChelpG. Evidence to suggest that chloride-based ILs might be poor model systems for ILs is also presented. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8Synthetic Route of C7H13ClN2).

1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole has become an important synthon in the development of new drugs. Imidazole has been usedin the lysis, wash and elution buffer for the purification of histidine tagged Sonic Hedgehog(shh-N) protein, in elution buffer in stepwise gradient for the purification of histidine tagged aldo keto reductases using nickel affinity chromatography, as a component of homogenization buffer for the purification of phagosomal compartments from dendritic cells.Synthetic Route of C7H13ClN2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Do certain imidazolium-based ionic liquid ion pairs/mordenite capture H₂S by conformational traps? An ONIOM-DFT study was written by Izquierdo, Rodolfo;Chacon, Gustavo;Cubillan, Nestor;Stassen, Hubert. And the article was included in Microporous and Mesoporous Materials in 2022.Formula: C7H13ClN2 This article mentions the following:

We present detailed ONIOM(ωB97X-D:PM6) calculations for the formation mechanism of novel composites combining protonic mordenites (H-MOR) with various ionic liquids: 1,3-dimethyl-imidazolium chloride [MMIm]Cl, 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride [EMIm]Cl; 1-methyl-3-propyl-imidazolium chloride [PMIm]Cl; 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride [BMIm]Cl, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride [HEMIm]Cl, 1,3-dimethyl-1,3,2-diazasilolium chloride [MMSiN]Cl, and 1,3-dimethyl-1,3-diphospholium chloride [MMPP]Cl. The most feasible [M]-MOR formation mechanism ([M]⁺ = [MMIm]⁺, [EMIm]⁺, [PMIm]⁺, [BMIm]⁺, [HEMIm]⁺, [MMSiN]⁺ [MMPP]⁺) involves an ion exchange at the T4O10 position favoring the isolation of a minimal number of [M]⁺ isomers (i.e., conformational traps). The interaction of these [M]-MOR composites with pollutant gases has afterward been evaluated. Among the studied systems, [EMIm]-MOR and [HEMIm]-MOR present electronic and steric conditions for potential applications in gas separation, capture, and storage (H₂ and H₂S). The H-MOR framework exhibits two structural conformers with the [HEMIm]+ cation in the confined space. Both, the MOR-T4O10-[HEMIm] and MOR-T4O10-[HEMIm]HB conformers, interconvert by a dynamic equilibrium with a transition state MOR-T4O10-TS1 acting as a conformational switch (Image 1-Image 2) that selectively recognizes and captures H₂S through a plier-like conformation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8Formula: C7H13ClN2).

1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3–C6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a Imidazole has been usedin the lysis, wash and elution buffer for the purification of histidine tagged Sonic Hedgehog(shh-N) protein, in elution buffer in stepwise gradient for the purification of histidine tagged aldo keto reductases using nickel affinity chromatography, as a component of homogenization buffer for the purification of phagosomal compartments from dendritic cells.Formula: C7H13ClN2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Lewis acid catalyst free synthesis of benzimidazoles and formamidines in 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol was written by Khaksar, Samad;Heydari, Akbar;Tajbakhsh, Mahmood;Vahdat, Seyed Mohammad. And the article was included in Journal of Fluorine Chemistry in 2010.Application In Synthesis of 7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole This article mentions the following:

A simple, inexpensive, environmentally friendly and efficient route for the synthesis of benzimidazole and formamidine derivatives by the reaction of O-phenylenediamines or amines with orthoesters using hexafluoroisopropanol as a solvent/catalyst is described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6Application In Synthesis of 7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole).

7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is the basic core of some natural products such as histidine, purine, histamine and DNA based structures, etc. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. This ring system is present in important biological building blocks, such as histidine and the related hormone histamine.Application In Synthesis of 7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Discovery of Potent, Selective, and Peripherally Restricted Pan-Trk Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Pain was written by Bagal, Sharan K.;Andrews, Mark;Bechle, Bruce M.;Bian, Jianwei;Bilsland, James;Blakemore, David C.;Braganza, John F.;Bungay, Peter J.;Corbett, Matthew S.;Cronin, Ciaran N.;Cui, Jingrong Jean;Dias, Rebecca;Flanagan, Neil J.;Greasley, Samantha E.;Grimley, Rachel;James, Kim;Johnson, Eric;Kitching, Linda;Kraus, Michelle L.;McAlpine, Indrawan;Nagata, Asako;Ninkovic, Sacha;Omoto, Kiyoyuki;Scales, Stephanie;Skerratt, Sarah E.;Sun, Jianmin;Tran-Dube, Michelle;Waldron, Gareth J.;Wang, Fen;Warmus, Joseph S.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2018.Quality Control of 4-Bromo-1-methylimidazole This article mentions the following:

Hormones of the neurotrophin family: nerve growth factor (NGF), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin 3 (NT3) and neurotrophin 4 (NT4) are known to activate the family of Tropomyosin receptor kinases (TrkA, TrkB, TrkC). Moreover, inhibition of the TrkA kinase pathway in pain has been clin. validated by the NGF antibody tanezumab leading to significant interest in the development of small mol. inhibitors of TrkA. Furthermore, Trk inhibitors having an acceptable safety profile will require minimal brain availability. Herein we discuss the discovery of two potent, selective, peripherally restricted, efficacious and well-tolerated series of pan-Trk inhibitors which successfully delivered three candidate quality compounds I, II and III. All three compounds are predicted to possess low metabolic clearance in human that does not proceed via aldehyde oxidase-catalyzed reactions, thus addressing the potential clearance prediction liability associated with our current pan-Trk development candidate PF-06273340. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-1-methylimidazole (cas: 25676-75-9Quality Control of 4-Bromo-1-methylimidazole).

4-Bromo-1-methylimidazole (cas: 25676-75-9) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3–C6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a Imidazole derivatives have antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer functionality. It interacts with DNA and also binds to protein and stops cell division.Quality Control of 4-Bromo-1-methylimidazole

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

1-[(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-4-phenylpiperidines as mGluR2 Positive Allosteric Modulators for the Treatment of Psychosis was written by Zhang, Lei;Brodney, Michael A.;Candler, John;Doran, Angela C.;Duplantier, Allen J.;Efremov, Ivan V.;Evrard, Edel;Kraus, Kenneth;Ganong, Alan H.;Haas, Jessica A.;Hanks, Ashley N.;Jenza, Keith;Lazzaro, John T.;Maklad, Noha;McCarthy, Sheryl A.;Qian, Weimin;Rogers, Bruce N.;Rottas, Melinda D.;Schmidt, Christopher J.;Siuciak, Judith A.;Tingley, F. David;Zhang, Andy Q.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2011.Application In Synthesis of 1-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carbaldehyde This article mentions the following:

A novel series of mGluR2 pos. allosteric modulators (PAMs), 1-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-4-phenylpiperidines, is herein disclosed. Structure-activity relationship studies led to potent, selective mGluR2 PAMs with excellent pharmacokinetic profiles. A representative lead compound (+)-17e demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of methamphetamine-induced hyperactivity and mescaline-induced scratching in mice, providing support for potential efficacy in treating psychosis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carbaldehyde (cas: 3012-80-4Application In Synthesis of 1-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carbaldehyde).

1-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carbaldehyde (cas: 3012-80-4) belongs to imidazole derivatives. 1H-imidazole is an imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. It is a conjugate base of an imidazolium cation. It is a conjugate acid of an imidazolide. It is a tautomer of a 4H-imidazole. This ring system is present in important biological building blocks, such as histidine and the related hormone histamine.Application In Synthesis of 1-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carbaldehyde

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

In situ organic compound analysis on a meteorite surface by desorption electrospray ionization coupled with an Orbitrap mass spectrometer was written by Naraoka, Hiroshi;Hashiguchi, Minako. And the article was included in Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry in 2018.Recommanded Product: 1-Octyl-1H-imidazole This article mentions the following:

Rationale : Since extraterrestrial organic matter in meteorites is a very complex mixture that is hard to ionize due to its association with minerals, in situ anal. of polar organic compounds has never been performed. When studying powd. samples, spatial information of organic compounds is lost. Methods : In situ mol. anal. and chem. imaging of polar organic compounds were performed on a meteorite surface by desorption electrospray ionization coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (DESI-HRMS) using an Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Results : Many CHN compounds, including alkylated pyridine and imidazole homologs, were identified from the complex peaks by HRMS using a spray of elec. charged methanol with a spatial resolution of ∼50 μm. The same alkylated homologs have the same spatial distribution in the meteorite matrix, while alkylpyridines occur in a different location from alkylimidazoles. Conclusions : The compound distribution suggests a different source for each compound series or a chromatog. separation effect associated with fluid movement in the meteorite parent body. The DESI-HRMS imaging will further the authors’ understanding of organic compound distribution with respect to mineral and water interactions in meteorites. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Octyl-1H-imidazole (cas: 21252-69-7Recommanded Product: 1-Octyl-1H-imidazole).

1-Octyl-1H-imidazole (cas: 21252-69-7) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3–C6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a Imidazole also acts as a microtubule destabilizing agents and inhibits topoisomerase and Cytochrome P450 Family 26 Subfamily A Member 1 (CYP26A1) enzymes.Recommanded Product: 1-Octyl-1H-imidazole

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem