Month: January 2023

Synthesis and SAR study of novel tricyclic pyrazoles as potent phosphodiesterase 10A inhibitors was written by Dore, Antonio;Asproni, Battistina;Scampuddu, Alessia;Pinna, Gerard Aime;Christoffersen, Claus Tornby;Langgard, Morten;Kehler, Jan. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2014.Name: 1-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carbaldehyde This article mentions the following:

Benzimidazoleethyl- and phenylimidazoleethyl-substituted pyrazolonaphthyridines and pyrazoloisoquinolines I (R = Me, F₃C, EtO₂C; R¹ = 1-Me-4-Ph-2-imidazolyl, 1-Me-2-benzimidazolyl; X, Y, Z = N, CH) were prepared as potential selective phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) inhibitors using a DL-proline and AgOTf-catalyzed and tosylhydrazine-mediated cyclocondensation reaction of methoxypropynylarylcarboxaldehydes with Me ketones to give fused pyrazolopyridines as the key step. I (R = Me; R¹ = 1-Me-4-Ph-2-imidazolyl; X = N, CH; Y = CH, N; Z = CH), I (R = MeOCH₂; R¹ = 1-Me-4-Ph-2-imidazolyl; X = N; Y = Z = CH), and I (R = Me; R¹ = 1-Me-4-Ph-2-imidazolyl; X = Y = CH; Z = N) showed the highest affinities for PDE10A with IC₅₀ values of 40-55 nM. Mol. docking calculations and metabolic studies in human and rat liver microsomes were performed for selected compounds; the compounds were rapidly metabolized in liver microsomes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carbaldehyde (cas: 3012-80-4Name: 1-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carbaldehyde).

1-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carbaldehyde (cas: 3012-80-4) belongs to imidazole derivatives. 1H-imidazole is an imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. It is a conjugate base of an imidazolium cation. It is a conjugate acid of an imidazolide. It is a tautomer of a 4H-imidazole. Imidazole is incorporated into many important biological compounds. The most pervasive is the amino acid histidine, which has an imidazole side-chain. Histidine is present in many proteins and enzymes, e.g. by binding metal cofactors, as seen in hemoglobin.Name: 1-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carbaldehyde

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Preparation and evaluation of solid dispersions of candesartan cilexetil by mechanochemical co-grinding was written by Ye, Jiajie;Geng, Xuerong;Zhu, Xingyi. And the article was included in Latin American Journal of Pharmacy in 2019.Category: imidazoles-derivatives This article mentions the following:

In the present work, solid dispersions (SDs) of candesartan cilexetil (CC) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) were prepared by mechanochem. co-grinding. The optimized co-grinding parameters were as follows: milling speed, 200 rpm; milling time, 2 h; CC/HPMCAS ratio, 1: 7. Results of differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform IR spectroscopy indicated that CC was in an amorphous state in SDs. The tests of physicochem. property showed that, compared with pure drug and phys. mixture, the solubility, dissolution and stability of CC were substantially improved in SDs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5Category: imidazoles-derivatives).

1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. Imidazole also acts as a microtubule destabilizing agents and inhibits topoisomerase and Cytochrome P450 Family 26 Subfamily A Member 1 (CYP26A1) enzymes.Category: imidazoles-derivatives

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Development and optimization of inclusion complexation of ternary system of Candesartan cilexetil using design of experiment was written by Vinchure, Bhagyashree D.;Shaikh, Amir A.;Pawar, Yogesh D.. And the article was included in European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences in 2018.Formula: C33H34N6O6 This article mentions the following:

Background: Now a day some new chem. entities suffer from poor aqueous solubility The biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) classifies them as class II substances. Different carriers were used to increase solubility of these class II drugs. Objective:The objective of the present investigation was to study the effect of Phys. mixing and High speed homogenization method on drug release of Candesartan (CAND) using polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to enhance the solubility and bioavailability. Methods: β-CD and PVP K-30 was used to prepare ternary system of Candesartan cilexetil. Central composite design (CCD) was used for preparation and optimization of ternary system. Effect of Phys. mixing method and High speed homogenization method was investigated by evaluating Drug release (% R), dissolution efficiency (DE), mean dissolution time (MDT). Characterization of drug and polymer interactions were done using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FT-IR) study. Results: Results of in vitro drug release showed that various combinations of PVP K-30 and β-CD prepared using CCD approach by both the methods showed greater dissolution rate of Candesartan Cilexetil than pure Candesartan Cilexetil (*p< 0.05). Optimized formulation (Run 8) of Phys. mixing method and (Run 8) High speed homogenization method gave 67.64% and 92.56% drug release in 60 min, resp. Results of DSC, XRD and FTIR revealed the interaction of drug with carriers and formation of amorphous ternary system of Candesartan cilexetil. Conclusion: Data obtained by comparing both methods suggest that High speed homogenization method is superior in increasing dissolution of candesartan than phys. mixing method. Use of central composite design in preparation of ternary system of Candesartan cilexetil was an effective approach for dissolution enhancement of Candesartan cilexetil. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5Formula: C33H34N6O6).

1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is the basic core of some natural products such as histidine, purine, histamine and DNA based structures, etc. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole also acts as a microtubule destabilizing agents and inhibits topoisomerase and Cytochrome P450 Family 26 Subfamily A Member 1 (CYP26A1) enzymes.Formula: C33H34N6O6

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Discovery of CDK4 inhibitors by convolutional neural networks was written by Xu, Yinqiu;Chen, Pingping;Lin, Xinhao;Yao, Hequan;Lin, Kejiang. And the article was included in Future Medicinal Chemistry in 2019.Safety of 1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

Aim: Descriptors of mols. are important in the discovery of lead compounds Most of these descriptors are used to represent mol. structures, although structural formulas are the most intuitive representation. Convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) are effective for managing intuitive information. Results/methodol.: Convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) based on two-dimensional structural formulas were used for the preliminary screening of CDK4 inhibitors. After supervised learning of our homemade dataset, our models screened out ten approved drugs, including indocyanine green and candesartan cilexetil, with IC₅₀ values of 2.0 and 5.2μM, resp. Conclusion: Depending only on intuitive information, the developed method was shown to be feasible, thus providing a new method of lead compound discovery. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5Safety of 1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate).

1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole derivatives generally have good solubility in protic solvents. Simple imidazole derivatives, such as 1H-imidazole, 2-methyl-1H-imidazole, and 1,2-dimethylimidazole, have very high solubility in water. Imidazole also acts as a microtubule destabilizing agents and inhibits topoisomerase and Cytochrome P450 Family 26 Subfamily A Member 1 (CYP26A1) enzymes.Safety of 1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Liquid Nickel Salts: Synthesis, Crystal Structure Determination and Electrochemical Synthesis of Nickel Nanoparticles was written by Sniekers, Jeroen;Verguts, Ken;Brooks, Neil R.;Schaltin, Stijn;Phan, Thanh Hai;Trung Huynh, Thi Mien;Van Meervelt, Luc;De Feyter, Steven;Seo, Jin Won;Fransaer, Jan;Binnemans, Koen. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2016.Synthetic Route of C11H20N2 This article mentions the following:

New Ni-containing ionic liquids were synthesized, characterized and their electrochem. was studied. A mechanism for the electrochem. synthesis of nanoparticles from these compounds is proposed. In these so-called liquid metal salts, the Ni(II) cation is octahedrally coordinated by six N-alkylimidazole ligands. The different counteranions that were used are bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Tf₂N^–), trifluoromethanesulfonate (OTf^–) and methanesulfonate (OMs^–). Several different N-alkylimidazoles were considered, with the alkyl side-chain ranging in length from Me to dodecyl. The newly synthesized liquid metal salts were characterized by CHN anal., FTIR, DSC, TGA and viscosity measurements. An odd-even effect was observed for the melting temperatures and viscosities of the ionic liquids, with the complexes with an even number of C atoms in the alkyl chain of the imidazole having a higher melting temperature and a lower viscosity than the complexes with an odd number of carbons. The crystal structures of several of the Ni(II) complexes that are not liquid at room temperature were determined The electrochem. of the compounds with the lowest viscosities was studied. The Ni(II) cation could be reduced, but surprisingly no Ni deposits were obtained on the electrode. Instead, Ni nanoparticles were formed at 100% selectivity, as confirmed by TEM. The magnetic properties of these nanoparticles were studied by SQUID measurements. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Octyl-1H-imidazole (cas: 21252-69-7Synthetic Route of C11H20N2).

1-Octyl-1H-imidazole (cas: 21252-69-7) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. The pharmacophore of imidazole exists in bioactive compounds including amino acids, plant growth regulators and therapeutic agents.n increase of the alkyl chain length of the alcohols. Synthetic Route of C11H20N2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Lewis acid-catalyzed asymmetric reactions of β,γ-unsaturated 2-acyl imidazoles was written by Kang, Tengfei;Hou, Liuzhen;Ruan, Sai;Cao, Weidi;Liu, Xiaohua;Feng, Xiaoming. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2020.Application of 85692-37-1 This article mentions the following:

A regioselective catalytic asym. tandem isomerization/α-Michael addition of β,γ-unsaturated 2-acyl imidazoles in the presence of chiral N,N’-dioxide metal complexes, delivering a broad range of optically pure 1,5-dicarbonyl compounds with two vicinal tertiary carbon stereocenters such as I [R = Et, Ph, 3-thienyl, etc.] in up to > 99% ee under mild conditions. Meanwhile, stereodivergent synthesis was disclosed to yield all four stereoisomers of products. Control experiments suggested an isomerization process involved in reaction and gave an insight into the role of NEt₃. In addition, Mannich reaction and sulfur-Michael addition of β,γ-unsaturated 2-acyl imidazoles proceeded smoothly as well under same catalytic systemto give functionalized carbonyl compounds II [R¹ = n-Pr, Ph, 4-ClC₆H₄, etc.; R² = n-Bu, CH₂CO₂Me, 2-naphthyl, etc.]. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 85692-37-1Application of 85692-37-1).

1-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 85692-37-1) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is a heterocyclic compound with a five-membered planar ring. It is amphoteric and highly polar. This ring system is present in important biological building blocks, such as histidine and the related hormone histamine.Application of 85692-37-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Europium-based ionic liquids as luminescent soft materials was written by Tang, S.;Babai, A.;Mudring, A.-V.. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2008.SDS of cas: 79917-89-8 This article mentions the following:

Low melting, highly luminescent: [C₃mim][Eu(Tf₂N)₄] (1), [C₄mim][Eu(Tf₂N)₄], and [C₄mpyr]₂[Eu(Tf₂N)₅] (Tf₂N = bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide; C₃mim = 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium; C₄mim = 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium; C₄mpyr = 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidium) are the 1st lanthanide ionic liquids that do not need stabilization of the liquid state by neutral coligands. They show excellent photophys. properties, such as long lifetimes of luminescence at large Eu^III concentration, small line width, and high color purity (see emission spectrum of 1 and photograph of a sample under UV light). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8SDS of cas: 79917-89-8).

1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole derivatives generally have good solubility in protic solvents. Simple imidazole derivatives, such as 1H-imidazole, 2-methyl-1H-imidazole, and 1,2-dimethylimidazole, have very high solubility in water. Imidazole based anticancer drug find applications in cancer chemotherapy. It is used as buffer component for purification of the histidine tagged recombinant proteins in immobilized metal-affinity chromatography (IMAC).SDS of cas: 79917-89-8

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Thermoplastic deformation of poplar wood plasticized by ionic liquids measured by a nonisothermal compression technique was written by Ou, Rongxian;Xie, Yanjun;Wang, Qingwen;Sui, Shujuan;Wolcott, Michael P.. And the article was included in Holzforschung in 2014.Application In Synthesis of 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride This article mentions the following:

The in situ thermoplasticization of poplar wood with ionic liquids (ILs) had been investigated. The thermoplastic deformation of wood samples treated with four types of ILs at various concentrations were determined through nonisothermal compression tests by means of a rotational rheometer. Results show that increasing the concentration of ILs reduced softening temperature and increased deformation compared to the untreated control. SEM revealed that plastic deformation of wood cells from the applied compression stress varied, depending on cell type, and occurred without cell wall fracture. X-ray diffraction anal. of compressed wood showed that wood treated with ILs exhibited a greater crystallinity index than the untreated control. The recovered strain in compressed samples decreased with increasing temperature and concentration of ILs to 18% weight percent gain (WPG) and then decreased slightly to 36% WPG. In treated samples, the combined wood/IL blends demonstrated less thermal stability than wood and ILs alone. Results also showed that plastic deformation of IL-treated wood resulted in viscous buckling of unfractured cell walls. This deformation mode likely resulted from the disintegration of intermol. and intramol. hydrogen bonding between cell wall polymers through the combined effect of ILs, pressure, and high temperature In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride (cas: 92507-97-6Application In Synthesis of 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride).

1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride (cas: 92507-97-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is a heterocyclic compound with a five-membered planar ring. It is amphoteric and highly polar. Imidazole also acts as a microtubule destabilizing agents and inhibits topoisomerase and Cytochrome P450 Family 26 Subfamily A Member 1 (CYP26A1) enzymes.Application In Synthesis of 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Concise and regioselective synthesis of 5H-imidazo[1,2-e][1,3,5]triazepines was written by Demydchuk, Bohdan A.;Mykhalchenko, Oleksandr A.;Rusanov, Eduard B.;Moskvina, Viktoriia S.;Brovarets, Volodymyr S.. And the article was included in ARKIVOC (Gainesville, FL, United States) in 2022.Application of 22600-77-7 This article mentions the following:

In this communication, a regioselective synthesis of novel 5H-imidazo[1,2-e][1,3,5]triazepines I (R = tert-Bu, Ph, 2-furyl, etc.) via the interaction of tetrachloro-2-aza-1,3-butadienes RC(Cl)=NC(Cl)=CCl₂ with (1H-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine was reported. The advantages of the presented method are mild reaction conditions, a simple work-up procedure, available reagents, and high yields. A possible mechanism is proposed for the synthesis of key products. The structure of one of the obtained products was proven with a single crystal X-ray diffraction-based structure. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1H-Imidazol-2-yl)methanamine dihydrochloride (cas: 22600-77-7Application of 22600-77-7).

(1H-Imidazol-2-yl)methanamine dihydrochloride (cas: 22600-77-7) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole derivatives generally have good solubility in protic solvents. Simple imidazole derivatives, such as 1H-imidazole, 2-methyl-1H-imidazole, and 1,2-dimethylimidazole, have very high solubility in water. Imidazole based anticancer drug find applications in cancer chemotherapy. It is used as buffer component for purification of the histidine tagged recombinant proteins in immobilized metal-affinity chromatography (IMAC).Application of 22600-77-7

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

A new method for separation and determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in water samples by high-performance liquid chromatography based on anion exchange stationary phase of ionic liquid modified silica was written by Sadeghi, Susan;Moghaddam, Ali Zeraatkar. And the article was included in Environmental Monitoring and Assessment in 2015.HPLC of Formula: 35487-17-3 This article mentions the following:

In this work, N-methylimidazolium-chloride ionic liquid functionalized silica was prepared and used as an anion-exchange stationary phase for separation of chromium species by high-performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC) with UV detection at 200 nm. The Cr(VI) as HCr₂O₇^– and chelated Cr(III) with potassium hydrogen phthalate (PHP) as Cr(PHP)₂^– was retained on the prepared column and separated using a mobile phase composed of 5% methanol in 25 mM phosphate buffer at pH 6.5. Several variables affecting the chelation/separation steps were modeled by response surface methodol. (RSM) using Box-Behnken (BBD) design. The significance of the independent variables and their interactions were tested by the anal. of variances (ANOVA) with 95% confidence limit. Under the optimized conditions, the Cr(III) and Cr(VI) anionic species were well separated with a single peak for each Cr species at retention times of 2.3 and 4.3 min, resp. The relationship between the peak area and concentration was linear in the range of 0.025-30 for Cr(III) and 0.5-20 mg L^-1 for Cr(VI) with detection limits of 0.010 and 0.210 mg L^-1 for Cr(III) and Cr(VI), resp. The proposed method was validated by simultaneous separation and determination of the Cr species in tap and underground water samples without impose to any pretreatment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (cas: 35487-17-3HPLC of Formula: 35487-17-3).

1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (cas: 35487-17-3) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. This ring system is present in important biological building blocks, such as histidine and the related hormone histamine.HPLC of Formula: 35487-17-3

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem