Month: January 2023

Dominance of hydrophobic attraction in attachment of microbubbles and Graphene oxide (GO) was written by Yahya, M. S.;Lau, E. V.. And the article was included in Chemical Engineering Science in 2022.Name: 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride This article mentions the following:

This paper presents the synthesis of GO-coated microbubbles which would be useful for environmental remediation and enhanced heat transfer applications. The mechanism of microbubble-GO attachment including electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic attraction, contact angle and Gibb’s free energy were determined Preliminary experiments indicated that water alone is not favorable, which thus necessitated the use of a bridging surfactant. The optimum attachment between microbubbles and GO occurred at the GO’s isoelec. point (IEP) in the ionic liquid as surfactant (IL), in which the IL concentration allowed GO to achieve maximum hydrophobicity. Therefore, it is inferred that hydrophobic attraction is the dominant force for microbubble-GO attachment with minor contributions from electrostatic interactions. Further studies showed that the longest carbon chain length IL, i.e. 1-Dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C₁₂mim]Cl) produced the most conducive environment for microbubble-GO attachment at its IEP concentration of 350 ppm. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (cas: 35487-17-3Name: 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride).

1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (cas: 35487-17-3) belongs to imidazole derivatives. 1H-imidazole is an imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. It is a conjugate base of an imidazolium cation. It is a conjugate acid of an imidazolide. It is a tautomer of a 4H-imidazole. Imidazole also acts as a microtubule destabilizing agents and inhibits topoisomerase and Cytochrome P450 Family 26 Subfamily A Member 1 (CYP26A1) enzymes.Name: 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Transition-metal-free, direct C-H radical trifluoromethylation of nitroimidazoles with Togni’s reagent was written by Wang, Hezhen;Wei, Chunyong;Zou, Haiyan;Linghu, Chengcheng;Wang, Zhiyuan;Wang, Jing;Chen, Yongzheng;Zhang, Lei. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 169770-25-6 This article mentions the following:

In present study, a green, mild and practical method which allows for the transition-metal-free, direct C-H radical trifluoromethylation of nitroimidazoles with Togni’s regent II as the CF₃ radical precursor was described. Diverse nitroimidazoles and their drug mols. were smoothly transformed into trifluoromethylated compounds in moderate to good yields under mild conditions. This new method provided an alternative approach for the prepare of trifluoromethylated compounds, as well as late-stage modification of bioactive nitroimidazoles. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate (cas: 169770-25-6HPLC of Formula: 169770-25-6).

Methyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate (cas: 169770-25-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. Imidazole based anticancer drug find applications in cancer chemotherapy. It is used as buffer component for purification of the histidine tagged recombinant proteins in immobilized metal-affinity chromatography (IMAC).HPLC of Formula: 169770-25-6

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Identification of Prazosin as a Potential Flagellum Attachment Zone 1(FAZ1) Inhibitor for the Treatment of Human African Trypanosomiasis was written by Orahoske, Cody M.;Afrin, Marjia;Li, Yaxin;Hanna, Jovana;Marbury, Myah;Li, Bibo;Su, Bin. And the article was included in ACS Infectious Diseases in 2022.Name: 1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) remains a health threat to sub-Saharan Africa. The current treatments suffer from drug resistance and life-threatening side effects, making drug discovery for HAT still important. A high-throughput screening of the library of pharmaceutically active compounds identified prazosin, an α-adrenoceptor antagonist, that showed selective activity toward Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Furthermore, a series of prazosin analogs were examined, and overall, the new analogs had improved activity and selectivity. To elucidate the binding partner, a biotin-conjugated probe was synthesized, and a protein pulldown assay combined with a proteomic anal. identified the flagellum attachment zone 1 (FAZ1) filament as an interacting partner. Addnl., prazosin treatment resulted in dysfunction of the flagellum of trypanosome cells, which is indicative of a FAZ1 irregularity. We also examined the drug distribution by utilizing immunofluorescence with a designed fluorescent analog that showed partial colocalization with FAZ1. With the activity of the prazosin analogs, a structure-activity relationship (SAR) was summarized for future lead optimization. Our findings provide a new group of FAZ1 inhibitors as novel antitrypanosomal agents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5Name: 1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate).

1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3–C6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a Imidazole is incorporated into many important biological compounds. The most pervasive is the amino acid histidine, which has an imidazole side-chain. Histidine is present in many proteins and enzymes, e.g. by binding metal cofactors, as seen in hemoglobin.Name: 1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Carbohydrates-tailored phase tunable systems composed of ionic liquids and water. [Erratum to document cited in CA153:297068] was written by Chen, Yuhuan;Wang, Yige;Cheng, Qingyan;Liu, Xiaoli;Zhang, Suojiang. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics in 2010.Reference of 79917-89-8 This article mentions the following:

On page 1056, the first Author’s name should read: Yuhuan Chen. The correct version of the Author line has been corrected On page , in Figure 5, D of phenol in {[C3mim]BF4 + glucose + H2O} system is 2.51, not 13.04. The correct version of Figure 5 is given. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8Reference of 79917-89-8).

1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. Imidazole is incorporated into many important biological compounds. The most pervasive is the amino acid histidine, which has an imidazole side-chain. Histidine is present in many proteins and enzymes, e.g. by binding metal cofactors, as seen in hemoglobin.Reference of 79917-89-8

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Transition-metal and oxidant-free approach for the synthesis of diverse N-heterocycles by TMSCl activation of isocyanides was written by Luo, Liangliang;Li, Hongyan;Liu, Jinxin;Zhou, Yuan;Dong, Lin;Xiao, You-Cai;Chen, Fen-Er. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2020.Formula: C8H8N2 This article mentions the following:

A highly efficient TMSCl-mediated addition of N-nucleophiles to isocyanides was achieved. This transition-metal and oxidant-free strategy was applied to the construction of various N-heterocyles such as quinazolinone, benzimidazole and benzothiazole derivatives by the use of distinct amino-based binucleophiles. The notable feature of this protocol includes its mild reaction condition, broad functional group tolerance and excellent yield. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6Formula: C8H8N2).

7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3–C6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a Imidazole based anticancer drug find applications in cancer chemotherapy. It is used as buffer component for purification of the histidine tagged recombinant proteins in immobilized metal-affinity chromatography (IMAC).Formula: C8H8N2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Benzimidazole- and Imidazole-Fused Selenazolium and Selenazinium Selenocyanates: Ionic Organoselenium Compounds with Efficient Peroxide Scavenging Activities was written by Banerjee, Kaustav;Bhattacherjee, Debojit;Mahato, Sulendar K.;Sufian, Abu;Bhabak, Krishna Pada. And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry in 2021.Computed Properties of C8H8N2 This article mentions the following:

Three new classes of ionic organoselenium compounds containing cationic benzimidazolium and imidazolium ring systems with selenocyanates as counterions are described. The cyclization of N,N’-disubstituted benzimidazolium and imidazolium bromides having N-(CH₂)₂-Br and N-(CH₂)₃-Br groups in the presence of potassium selenocyanate (KSeCN) led to formation of the corresponding selenazolium selenocyanates Iâ€?sup>-SeCN [R = Me, Bn; R¹ = R² = H, R¹R² = (CH)₄; n = 1] and selenazinium selenocyanates Iâ€?sup>-SeCN [n = 2]. However, the open-chain selenocyanates with addnl. selenocyanate counterions IIâ€?sup>-SeCN were formed from the N,N’-disubstituted benzimidazolium and imidazolium bromides having N-(CH₂)₆-Br groups. Mechanistic studies were carried out to understand the feasibility of such cyclization processes in the presence of KSeCN. The compounds were studied further for their potencies to catalytically reduce H₂O₂ in the presence of thiols. Interestingly, the cyclic selenazolium Iâ€?sup>-SeCN [n = 1] and selenazinium compounds Iâ€?sup>-SeCN [n = 2] exhibited significantly higher antioxidant activities than the corresponding acyclic selenocyanates II. Selected compounds Iâ€?sup>-SeCN [R = Bn; R¹R² = (CH)₄; n = 2] and IIâ€?sup>-SeCN [R = Me; R¹R² = (CH)₄] were further evaluated for their potencies in modulating the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a representative macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7). Owing to the cationic nature of compounds, they may target and scavenge mitochondrial ROS in the cellular medium. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methylbenzimidazole (cas: 1632-83-3Computed Properties of C8H8N2).

1-Methylbenzimidazole (cas: 1632-83-3) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is a heterocyclic compound with a five-membered planar ring. It is amphoteric and highly polar. Imidazole based anticancer drug find applications in cancer chemotherapy. It is used as buffer component for purification of the histidine tagged recombinant proteins in immobilized metal-affinity chromatography (IMAC).Computed Properties of C8H8N2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Mechanisms by Which Human DNA Primase Chooses To Polymerize a Nucleoside Triphosphate was written by Urban, Milan;Joubert, Nicolas;Purse, Byron W.;Hocek, Michal;Kuchta, Robert D.. And the article was included in Biochemistry in 2010.Formula: C8H8N2 This article mentions the following:

Human DNA primase synthesizes short RNA primers that DNA polymerase α then elongates during the initiation of all new DNA strands. Even though primase misincorporates NTPs at a relatively high frequency, this likely does not impact the final DNA product since the RNA primer is replaced with DNA. We used an extensive series of purine and pyrimidine analogs to provide further insights into the mechanism by which primase chooses whether or not to polymerize a NTP. Primase readily polymerized a size-expanded cytosine analog, 1,3-diaza-2-oxophenothiazine NTP, across from a templating G but not across from A. The enzyme did not efficiently polymerize NTPs incapable of forming two Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds with the templating base with the exception of UTP opposite purine deoxyribonucleoside. Likewise, primase did not generate base pairs between two nucleotides with altered Watson-Crick hydrogen-bonding patterns. Examining the mechanism of NTP polymerization revealed that human primase can misincorporate NTPs via both template misreading and a primer-template slippage mechanism. Together, these data demonstrate that human primase strongly depends on Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds for efficient nucleotide polymerization, much more so than the mechanistically related herpes primase, and provide insights into the potential roles of primer-template stability and base tautomerization during misincorporation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6Formula: C8H8N2).

7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. 1H-imidazole is an imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. It is a conjugate base of an imidazolium cation. It is a conjugate acid of an imidazolide. It is a tautomer of a 4H-imidazole. This ring system is present in important biological building blocks, such as histidine and the related hormone histamine.Formula: C8H8N2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Biodiesel via in Situ Wet Microalgae Biotransformation: Zwitter-Type Ionic Liquid Supported Extraction and Transesterification was written by Bauer, Gerald;Lima, Serena;Chenevard, Jean;Sugnaux, Marc;Fischer, Fabian. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2017.Safety of 1-Octyl-1H-imidazole This article mentions the following:

The production of biodiesel derived from microalgae is among the most forthcoming technologies that provide an ecol. alternative to fossil fuels. Herein, a method was developed that enables the direct extraction and conversion of algal oil to biodiesel without prior isolation. The reaction occurs in aqueous media catalyzed by immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (Novozyme 435). Zwitter-type ionic liquids were used as cocatalyst to improve the selectivity and reactivity of the enzyme. In a model reaction with sunflower oil, 64% biodiesel was obtained. Applying this method to a slurry of whole-cell Chlorella zofingiensis in water resulted in 74.8% of lipid extraction, with 27.7% biotransformation products and up to 16% biodiesel. Factors that reduced the lipase activity with whole-cell algae were subsequently probed and discussed. This “in situ” method shows an improvement to existing methods, since it integrates the oil extraction and conversion into an one-pot procedure in aqueous conditions. The extraction is nondisruptive, and is a model for a greener algae to biodiesel process. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Octyl-1H-imidazole (cas: 21252-69-7Safety of 1-Octyl-1H-imidazole).

1-Octyl-1H-imidazole (cas: 21252-69-7) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole derivatives generally have good solubility in protic solvents. Simple imidazole derivatives, such as 1H-imidazole, 2-methyl-1H-imidazole, and 1,2-dimethylimidazole, have very high solubility in water. Imidazole is incorporated into many important biological compounds. The most pervasive is the amino acid histidine, which has an imidazole side-chain. Histidine is present in many proteins and enzymes, e.g. by binding metal cofactors, as seen in hemoglobin.Safety of 1-Octyl-1H-imidazole

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Going Full Circle: Phase-Transition Thermodynamics of Ionic Liquids was written by Preiss, Ulrich;Verevkin, Sergey P.;Koslowski, Thorsten;Krossing, Ingo. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2011.COA of Formula: C7H13ClN2 This article mentions the following:

The authors present the full enthalpic phase transition cycle for ionic liquids (ILs) as examples of non-classical salts. The cycle was closed for the lattice, solvation, dissociation, and vaporization enthalpies of 30 different ILs, relying on as much exptl. data as was available. High-quality dissociation enthalpies were calculated at the G3 MP2 level. From the cycle, the authors could establish, for the first time, the lattice and solvation enthalpies of ILs with imidazolium ions. For vaporization, lattice, and dissociation enthalpies, the authors also developed new prediction methods in the course of their investigations. Here, as only single-ion values need to be calculated and the tedious optimization of an ion pair can be circumvented, the computational time is short. For the vaporization enthalpy, a very simple approach was found, using a surface term and the calculated enthalpic correction to the total gas-phase energy. For the lattice enthalpy, the most important constituent proved to be the calculated conductor-like screening model (COSMO) solvation enthalpy in the ideal elec. conductor. A similar model was developed for the dissociation enthalpy. According to this assessment, the typical error of the lattice enthalpy would be 9.4 kJ mol^-1, which is less than half the deviation the authors get when using the (optimized) Kapustinskii equation or the recent volume-based thermodn. (VBT) theory. In contrast, the non-optimized VBT formula gives lattice enthalpies 20 to 140 kJ mol^-1 lower than the ones assessed in the cycle, because of the insufficient description of dispersive interactions. These findings show that quantum-chem. calculations can greatly improve the VBT approaches, which were parameterized for simple, inorganic salts with ideally point-shaped charges. The authors suggest the term “augmented VBT”, or “aVBT”, to describe this kind of theor. approach. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8COA of Formula: C7H13ClN2).

1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8) belongs to imidazole derivatives. 1H-imidazole is an imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. It is a conjugate base of an imidazolium cation. It is a conjugate acid of an imidazolide. It is a tautomer of a 4H-imidazole. Many drugs contain an imidazole ring, such as certain antifungal drugs, the nitroimidazole series of antibiotics, and the sedative midazolam.COA of Formula: C7H13ClN2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Direct polycondensation in ionic liquids was written by Lozinskaya, E. I.;Shaplov, A. S.;Vygodskii, Ya. S.. And the article was included in European Polymer Journal in 2004.Related Products of 79917-89-8 This article mentions the following:

Ionic liquids (ILs) are subject to an enormous research effort due to their unique properties, such as non-volatility, high solution and reactivity ability, etc. For the first time ILs have been used as a solvent for preparing polymers via direct polycondensation. The influence of IL’s nature and reaction parameters upon the polymer formulation has been investigated. It is shown that direct polycondensation is successfully proceeded in ILs and tri-Ph phosphite (condensing agent) without any addnl. extra components, such as LiCl and pyridine, using in similar reactions in ordinary mol. solvents. Various polyamides (η_inh=0.11-1.10 dL/g), polyamide imides (η_inh=0.48-1.41 dL/g), -hydrazides (η_inh=0.56-0.60 dL/g) and polyhydrazides (η_inh=0.71-1.32 dL/g) have been obtained in quant. yield and high mol. weight In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8Related Products of 79917-89-8).

1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is a heterocyclic compound with a five-membered planar ring. It is amphoteric and highly polar. Imidazole based anticancer drug find applications in cancer chemotherapy. It is used as buffer component for purification of the histidine tagged recombinant proteins in immobilized metal-affinity chromatography (IMAC).Related Products of 79917-89-8

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem