Month: February 2023

Influence of reactive oxygen species on the enzyme stability and activity in the presence of ionic liquids was written by Attri, Pankaj;Choi, Eun Ha. And the article was included in PLoS One in 2013.Synthetic Route of C4H7ClN2 This article mentions the following:

The authors have examined the effect of ammonium and imidazolium based ionic liquids (ILs) on the stability and activity of proteolytic enzyme α-chymotrypsin (CT) in the presence of cold atm. pressure plasma jet (APPJ). The present work aims to illustrate the state of art implementing the combined action of ILs and APPJ on the enzyme stability and activity. The authors’ CD, fluorescence and enzyme activity results of CT revealed that buffer and all studied ILs {triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate (TEAS) from ammonium family and 1-butyl-3-Me imidazolium chloride ([Bmim][Cl]), 1-methylimidazolium chloride ([Mim][Cl]) from imidazolium family} are notable to act as protective agents against the deleterious action of the APPJ, except triethylammonium dihydrogen phosphate (TEAP) ammonium IL. However, TEAP attenuates strongly the deleterious action of reactive oxygen species (ROS) created by APPJ on native structure of CT. Further, TEAP is able to retain the enzymic activity after APPJ exposure which is absent in all the other systems. This study provides the first combined effect of APPJ and ILs on biomols. that may generate many theor. and exptl. opportunities. Through this methodol., the authors can use both enzyme and plasma simultaneously without affecting the enzyme structure and activity on the material surface; which can prove to be applicable in various fields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (cas: 35487-17-3Synthetic Route of C4H7ClN2).

1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (cas: 35487-17-3) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. Imidazole derivatives have antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer functionality. It interacts with DNA and also binds to protein and stops cell division.Synthetic Route of C4H7ClN2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Novel diamino imidazole and pyrrole-containing polyamides: Synthesis and DNA binding studies of mono- and diamino-phenyl-ImPy*Im polyamides designed to target 5′-ACGCGT-3′ was written by Satam, Vijay;Babu, Balaji;Chavda, Sameer;Savagian, Mia;Sjoholm, Robert;Tzou, Samuel;Ramos, Joseph;Liu, Yang;Kiakos, Konstantinos;Lin, Shicai;Wilson, W. David;Hartley, John A.;Lee, Moses. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2012.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

Pyrrole- and imidazole-containing polyamides are widely investigated as DNA sequence selective binding agents that have potential use as gene control agents. The key challenges that must be overcome to realize this goal is the development of polyamides with low molar mass so the mols. can readily diffuse into cells and concentrate in the nucleus. In addition, the mols. must have appreciable water solubility, bind DNA sequence specifically, and with high affinity. It is on this basis that the orthogonally positioned diamino/dicationic polyamide Ph-ImPy*Im (I) was designed to target the sequence 5′-ACGCGT-3′. Py* denotes the pyrrole unit that contains a N-substituted aminopropyl pendant group. The DNA binding properties of diamino polyamide I were determined using a number of techniques including CD, ΔT _M, DNase I footprinting, SPR and ITC studies. The effects of the second amino moiety in Py* on DNA binding affinity over its monoamino counterpart Ph-ImPyIm II were assessed by conducting DNA binding studies of II in parallel with I. The results confirmed the minor groove binding and selectivity of both polyamides for the cognate sequence 5′-ACGCGT-3′. The diamino/dicationic polyamide 5 showed enhanced binding affinity and higher solubility in aqueous media over its monoamino/monocationic counterpart Ph-ImPyIm 3. The binding constant of I, determined from SPR studies, was 1.5×10⁷ M^-1, which is ∼3 times higher than that for its monoamino analog 3 (4.8×10⁶ M^-1). The affinity of I is now approaching that of the parent compound f-ImPyIm and its diamino equivalent The advantages of the design of diamino polyamide I over f-ImPyIm and its diamino equivalent are its sequence specificity and the ease of synthesis compared to the N-terminus pyrrole analog. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate (cas: 109012-23-9Recommanded Product: Ethyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate).

Ethyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate (cas: 109012-23-9) belongs to imidazole derivatives. 1H-imidazole is an imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. It is a conjugate base of an imidazolium cation. It is a conjugate acid of an imidazolide. It is a tautomer of a 4H-imidazole. Many drugs contain an imidazole ring, such as certain antifungal drugs, the nitroimidazole series of antibiotics, and the sedative midazolam.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Industrial sludge valorization and decontamination via lipid extraction and heavy metals removal using low-cost protic ionic liquid was written by Abouelela, Aida Rafat;Mussa, Afnan A.;Talhami, Mohammed;Das, Probir;Hawari, Alaa H.. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride This article mentions the following:

Sludge is a heterogenous organic-rich matter that comprise of highly valuable biopolymers along with various contaminants including heavy metals. Sludge valorization as a renewable resource and inexpensive feedstock is key for sludge realization in circular economy context. This study presents the use of low-cost protic ionic liquid (PIL) as an integrated process medium to decontaminate heavy metal contaminated industrial sludge while selectively extract the lipid content. The treatment process focused on the use of 1-methylimidazole chloride for its higher heavy metal extraction performance compared to other screened ionic liquids (ILs). The treatment was also able to selectively extract lipids from industrial sludge, leaving a protein/carbohydrate rich solid product. Process temperature was shown to have a key impact on the biopolymers’ fractionation. Operating at temperatures above 120°C resulted in higher recovery of proteins in the lipid-rich fraction, compromising the quality of the lipid stream. Variation of the PIL acid/base (a/b) ratio also had a significant impact on the deconstruction of the sludge biopolymers, with a/b ratio of 1 resulting in highest recovery of all biopolymers. Optimal water concentration as co-solvent was found at 30 wt%, with lipid recovery reaching 60% and heavy metals extraction ranging between 29 and 89%. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (cas: 35487-17-3Application In Synthesis of 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride).

1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (cas: 35487-17-3) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole derivatives generally have good solubility in protic solvents. Simple imidazole derivatives, such as 1H-imidazole, 2-methyl-1H-imidazole, and 1,2-dimethylimidazole, have very high solubility in water. Imidazole derivatives have antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer functionality. It interacts with DNA and also binds to protein and stops cell division.Application In Synthesis of 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

A complex matrix characterization approach, applied to cigarette smoke, that integrates multiple analytical methods and compound identification strategies for non-targeted liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry was written by Arndt, Daniel;Wachsmuth, Christian;Buchholz, Christoph;Bentley, Mark. And the article was included in Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry in 2020.Name: 1-Octyl-1H-imidazole This article mentions the following:

Rationale : For the characterization of the chem. composition of complex matrixes such as tobacco smoke, containing more than 6000 constituents, several anal. approaches have to be combined to increase compound coverage across the chem. space. Furthermore, the identification of unknown mols. requiring the implementation of addnl. confirmatory tools in the absence of reference standards, such as tandem mass spectrometry spectra comparisons and in silico prediction of mass spectra, is a major bottleneck. Methods : We applied a combination of four chromatog./ionization techniques (reversed-phase (RP) – heated electrospray ionization (HESI) in both pos. (+) and neg. (-) modes, RP – atm. pressure chem. ionization (APCI) in pos. mode, and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatog. (HILIC) – HESI pos.) using a Thermo Q Exactive® liquid chromatog./high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry (LC/HRAM-MS) platform for the anal. of 3R4F-derived smoke. Compound identification was performed by using mass spectral libraries and in silico predicted fragments from multiple integrated databases. Results : A total of 331 compounds with semi-quant. estimates ≥100 ng per cigarette were identified, which were distributed within the known chem. space of tobacco smoke. The integration of multiple LC/HRAM-MS-based chromatog./ionization approaches combined with complementary compound identification strategies was key for maximizing the number of amenable compounds and for strengthening the level of identification confidence. A total of 50 novel compounds were identified as being present in tobacco smoke. In the absence of reference MS² spectra, in silico MS² spectra prediction gave a good indication for compound class and was used as an addnl. confirmatory tool for our integrated non-targeted screening (NTS) approach. Conclusions : This study presents a powerful chem. characterization approach that has been successfully applied for the identification of novel compounds in cigarette smoke. We believe that this innovative approach has general applicability and a huge potential benefit for the anal. of any complex matrixes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Octyl-1H-imidazole (cas: 21252-69-7Name: 1-Octyl-1H-imidazole).

1-Octyl-1H-imidazole (cas: 21252-69-7) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is the basic core of some natural products such as histidine, purine, histamine and DNA based structures, etc. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Many drugs contain an imidazole ring, such as certain antifungal drugs, the nitroimidazole series of antibiotics, and the sedative midazolam.Name: 1-Octyl-1H-imidazole

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

The Potential of 2-aza-8-Oxohypoxanthine as a Cosmetic Ingredient was written by Aoshima, Hisae;Ito, Masayuki;Ibuki, Rinta;Kawagishi, Hirokazu. And the article was included in Cosmetics in 2021.Quality Control of 1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide This article mentions the following:

In this study, we verified the effects of 2-aza-8-oxohypoxanthine (AOH) on human epidermal cell proliferation by performing DNA microarray anal. Cell proliferation was assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, which measures mitochondrial respiration in normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK) cells. Gene expression levels were determined by DNA microarray anal. of 177 genes involved in skin aging and disease. AOH showed a significant increase in cell viability at concentrations between 7.8 and 31.3μg/mL and a significant decrease at concentrations above 250μg/mL. DNA microarray anal. showed that AOH significantly increased the gene expression of CLDN1, DSC1, DSG1, and CDH1 (E-cadherin), which are involved in intercellular adhesion and skin barrier functioning. AOH also up-regulated the expression of KLK5, KLK7, and SPIMK5, which are proteases involved in stratum corneum detachment. Furthermore, AOH significantly stimulated the expression of KRT1, KRT10, TGM1, and IVL, which are considered general differentiation indicators, and that of SPRR1B, a cornified envelope component protein. AOH exerted a cell activation effect on human epidermal cells. Since AOH did not cause cytotoxicity, it was considered that the compound had no adverse effects on the skin. In addition, it was found that AOH stimulated the expression levels of genes involved in skin barrier functioning by DNA microarray anal. Therefore, AOH has the potential for practical use as a cosmetic ingredient. This is the first report of efficacy evaluation tests performed for AOH. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide (cas: 26832-08-6Quality Control of 1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide).

1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide (cas: 26832-08-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. Imidazole based anticancer drug find applications in cancer chemotherapy. It is used as buffer component for purification of the histidine tagged recombinant proteins in immobilized metal-affinity chromatography (IMAC).Quality Control of 1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

A reactive oxygen species Ca²⁺ signalling pathway identified from a chemical screen for modifiers of sugar-activated circadian gene expression was written by Li, Xiang;Deng, Dongjing;Cataltepe, Gizem;Roman, Angela;Buckley, Christopher R.;Cassano Monte-Bello, Carolina;Skyricz, Aleksandra;Caldana, Camila;Haydon, Michael J.. And the article was included in New Phytologist in 2022.Electric Literature of C33H34N6O6 This article mentions the following:

Sugars are essential metabolites for energy and anabolism that can also act as signals to regulate plant physiol. and development. Exptl. tools to disrupt major sugar signalling pathways are limited. We performed a chem. screen for modifiers of activation of circadian gene expression by sugars to discover pharmacol. tools to investigate and manipulate plant sugar signalling. Using a library of com. available bioactive compounds, we identified 75 confident hits that modified the response of a circadian luciferase reporter to sucrose in dark-adapted Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. We validated the transcriptional effect on a subset of the hits and measured their effects on a range of sugar-dependent phenotypes for 13 of these chems. Chems. were identified that appear to influence known and unknown sugar signalling pathways. Pentamidine isethionate was identified as a modifier of a sugar-activated Ca2+ signal that acts as a calmodulin inhibitor downstream of superoxide in a metabolic signalling pathway affecting circadian rhythms, primary metabolism and plant growth. Our data provide a resource of new exptl. tools to manipulate plant sugar signalling and identify novel components of these pathways. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5Electric Literature of C33H34N6O6).

1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3–C6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a Many drugs contain an imidazole ring, such as certain antifungal drugs, the nitroimidazole series of antibiotics, and the sedative midazolam.Electric Literature of C33H34N6O6

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Intracerebroventricular Administration of Metformin Inhibits Ghrelin-Induced Hypothalamic AMP-Kinase Signalling and Food Intake was written by Stevanovic, Darko;Janjetovic, Kristina;Misirkic, Maja;Vucicevic, Ljubica;Sumarac-Dumanovic, Mirjana;Micic, Dragan;Starcevic, Vesna;Trajkovic, Vladimir. And the article was included in Neuroendocrinology in 2012.Computed Properties of C4H5N3O This article mentions the following:

Background/Aims: The antihyperglycemic drug metformin reduces food consumption through mechanisms that are not fully elucidated. The present study investigated the effects of intracerebroventricular administration of metformin on food intake and hypothalamic appetite-regulating signaling pathways induced by the orexigenic peptide ghrelin. Methods: Rats were injected intracerebroventricularly with ghrelin (5 μg), metformin (50, 100 or 200 μg), 5-amino-imidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR, 25 μg) and L-leucine (1 μg) in different combinations. Food intake was monitored during the next 4 h. Hypothalamic activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), regulatory-associated protein of mTOR (Raptor), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and p70 S6 kinase 1 (S6K) after 1 h of treatment was analyzed by immunoblotting. Results: Metformin suppressed the increase in food consumption induced by intracerebroventricular ghrelin in a dose-dependent manner. Ghrelin increased phosphorylation of hypothalamic AMPK and its targets ACC and Raptor, which was associated with the reduced phosphorylation of mTOR. The mTOR substrate, S6K, was activated by intracerebroventricular ghrelin despite the inhibition of mTOR. Metformin treatment blocked ghrelin-induced activation of hypothalamic AMPK/ACC/Raptor and restored mTOR activity without affecting S6K phosphorylation. Metformin also reduced food consumption induced by the AMPK activator AICAR while the ghrelin-triggered food intake was inhibited by the mTOR activator L-leucine. Conclusion: Metformin could reduce food intake by preventing ghrelin-induced AMPK signaling and mTOR inhibition in the hypothalamus. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide (cas: 26832-08-6Computed Properties of C4H5N3O).

1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide (cas: 26832-08-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole has become an important synthon in the development of new drugs. Imidazole also acts as a microtubule destabilizing agents and inhibits topoisomerase and Cytochrome P450 Family 26 Subfamily A Member 1 (CYP26A1) enzymes.Computed Properties of C4H5N3O

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

The Gelling Ability of Some Diimidazolium Salts: Effect of Isomeric Substitution of the Cation and Anion was written by D’Anna, Francesca;Vitale, Paola;Ferrante, Francesco;Marullo, Salvatore;Noto, Renato. And the article was included in ChemPlusChem in 2013.Electric Literature of C11H20N2 This article mentions the following:

The gelling ability of some geminal imidazolium salts was studied both in organic solvents and in water solution Organic salts differing either in the cation or anion structure were taken into account. In particular, the effects on the gel-phase formation of isomeric substitution on the cation or anion and of the use of mono- or dianions were evaluated. As far as the cation structure is concerned, isomeric cations, such as 3,3′-di-n-octyl-1,1′-(1,4-phenylenedimethylene)diimidazolium and 3,3′-di-n-octyl-1,1′-(1,3-phenylenedimethylene)diimidazolium, were used. However, in addition to the bromide anion, isomeric dianions, such as the 1,5- and 2,6-naphthalenedisulfonate anions, were also examined After preliminary gelation tests, different factors affecting the obtained gel phases, such as the nature of the solvent, organogelator concentrations, and action of external stimuli, were analyzed. The gel-phase formation was also studied as a function of time, by using resonance light scattering measurements. Gel morphologies were analyzed by SEM. To further support the understanding of the different behavior shown by the isomeric cations, some representative ion pairs were analyzed by DFT-based studies. The collected data underline the significant role played by isomeric substitution of both cation and anion structures in determining the gelling capability of the studied salts, as well as the properties of the gel phases. Finally, DFT studies were helpful in the identification of the structural features affecting the self-assembly. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Octyl-1H-imidazole (cas: 21252-69-7Electric Literature of C11H20N2).

1-Octyl-1H-imidazole (cas: 21252-69-7) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. Imidazole also acts as a microtubule destabilizing agents and inhibits topoisomerase and Cytochrome P450 Family 26 Subfamily A Member 1 (CYP26A1) enzymes.Electric Literature of C11H20N2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Design and Application of a Low-Temperature Continuous Flow Chemistry Platform was written by Newby, James A.;Blaylock, D. Wayne;Witt, Paul M.;Pastre, Julio C.;Zacharova, Marija K.;Ley, Steven V.;Browne, Duncan L.. And the article was included in Organic Process Research & Development in 2014.Quality Control of 1-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanone This article mentions the following:

A flow reactor platform technol. applicable to a broad range of low temperature chem. is reported. The newly developed system captures the essence of running low temperature reactions in batch and represents this as a series of five flow coils, each with independently variable volume The system was initially applied to the functionalization of alkynes, Grignard addition reactions, heterocycle functionalization, and heteroatom acetylation. This new platform has then been used in the preparation of a 20-compound library of polysubstituted, fluorine-containing aromatic substrates from a sequential metalation-quench procedure and can be readily adapted to provide gaseous electrophile inputs such as carbon dioxide using a tube-in-tube reactor. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 85692-37-1Quality Control of 1-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanone).

1-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 85692-37-1) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is the basic core of some natural products such as histidine, purine, histamine and DNA based structures, etc. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole based anticancer drug find applications in cancer chemotherapy. It is used as buffer component for purification of the histidine tagged recombinant proteins in immobilized metal-affinity chromatography (IMAC).Quality Control of 1-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanone

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Alkylimidazolium Based Ionic Liquids: Impact of Cation Symmetry on Their Nanoscale Structural Organization was written by Rocha, Marisa A. A.;Neves, Catarina M. S. S.;Freire, Mara G.;Russina, Olga;Triolo, Alessandro;Coutinho, Joao A. P.;Santos, Luis M. N. B. F.. And the article was included in Journal of Physical Chemistry B in 2013.Synthetic Route of C18H31F6N3O4S2 This article mentions the following:

Aiming at evaluating the impact of the cation symmetry on the nanostructuration of ionic liquids (ILs), in this work, densities and viscosities as a function of temperature and small-wide angle X-ray scattering (SWAXS) patterns at ambient conditions were determined and analyzed for 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-imide (asym.) and 1,3-dialkylimidazolium bis-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-imide (sym.) series of ionic liquids The sym. IL series, [C_N/2C_N/2i.m.]-[NTf₂], presents lower viscosities than the asym. [C_N-1C₁i.m.]-[NTf₂] counterparts. For ionic liquids from [C₁C₁i.m.]-[NTf₂] to [C₆C₆i.m.]-[NTf₂], an odd-even effect in the viscosity along the cation alkyl side chain length was observed, in contrast with a linear increase found for the ones ranging between [C₆C₆i.m.]-[NTf₂] and [C₁₀C₁₀i.m.]-[NTf₂]. The anal. of the viscosity data along the alkyl side chain length reveals a trend shift that occurs at [C₆C₁i.m.]-[NTf₂] for the asym. series and at [C₆C₆i.m.]-[NTf₂] for the sym. series. These results are further supported by SWAXS measurements at ambient conditions. The gathered data indicate that both asym. and sym. members are characterized by the occurrence of a distinct degree of mesoscopic structural organization above a given threshold in the side alkyl chain length, regardless the cation symmetry. The data also highlight a difference in the alkyl chain dependence of the mesoscopic cluster sizes for sym. and asym. cations, reflecting a different degree of interdigitation of the aliphatic tails in the two families. The trend shift found in this work is related to the structural segregation in the liquid after a critical alkyl length size (CALS) is attained and has particular relevance in the cation structural isomerism with higher symmetry. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide (cas: 404001-48-5Synthetic Route of C18H31F6N3O4S2).

3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide (cas: 404001-48-5) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is the basic core of some natural products such as histidine, purine, histamine and DNA based structures, etc. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole is incorporated into many important biological compounds. The most pervasive is the amino acid histidine, which has an imidazole side-chain. Histidine is present in many proteins and enzymes, e.g. by binding metal cofactors, as seen in hemoglobin.Synthetic Route of C18H31F6N3O4S2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem