Author: Jessica.F

Comparative toxicokinetic/toxicodynamic study of rubber antioxidants, 2-mercaptobenzimidazole and its methyl substituted derivatives, by repeated oral administration in rats was written by Sakemi, Kazue;Ito, Rieno;Umemura, Takashi;Ohno, Yasuo;Tsuda, Mitsuhiro. And the article was included in Archives of Toxicology in 2002.HPLC of Formula: 4887-83-6 This article mentions the following:

2-Mercaptobenzimidazole (MBI), a rubber antioxidant, is known to exhibit potent thyroid toxicity in rats, whereas its methylated derivatives are much less toxic. To characterize this methyl-substituent effect on the thyroid toxicity of MBI, comparative toxicokinetic analyses have been conducted in the present study. MBI and the MMBIs [4-methylated MBI (4-MMBI) and 5-methylated MBI (5-MMBI), and a 1:1 mixture of these 4- and 5-methylated isomers (MMBI mix)] suspended in corn oil were repeatedly administered (at 0.3-0.6 mmol/kg) to male Wistar rats by gavage once daily for 2 wk. After the first and last administrations, blood and urine samples were collected, and the levels of unchanged compounds and their desulfurated metabolites were determined by high performance liquid chromatog. After repeated oral administration (roa), the C_max and area under concentration-time curve (AUC) of MBI were markedly increased, while the MMBIs essentially were cleared from the blood within 10 h. After roa, the C_max and AUC of 4-MMBI decreased markedly, suggesting metabolic enzyme induction. However, the toxicokinetic parameters of 5-MMBI were not markedly altered by roa. The inhibitory potencies (IC₅₀) against lactoperoxidase of MBI, 4-MMBI, and 5-MMBI were 20.6 μM, 45.6 μM and 31.6 μM, resp. Thus, the authors suggest that the marked decrease of thyroid toxicity by Me substitution of MBI is caused mainly by a decrease in systemic exposure to the compounds and partly by a decrease in inhibition of thyroid hormone synthesis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6HPLC of Formula: 4887-83-6).

7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is the basic core of some natural products such as histidine, purine, histamine and DNA based structures, etc. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. The pharmacophore of imidazole exists in bioactive compounds including amino acids, plant growth regulators and therapeutic agents.n increase of the alkyl chain length of the alcohols. HPLC of Formula: 4887-83-6

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Effects of self-hydrogen bonding among formamide molecules on the UCST-type liquid-liquid phase separation of binary solutions with imidazolium-based ionic liquid, [C_nmim][TFSI], studied by NMR, IR, MD simulations, and SANS was written by Kawano, Masahiro;Tashiro, Atsuya;Imamura, Yuki;Yamada, Moeno;Sadakane, Koichiro;Iwase, Hiroki;Matsugami, Masaru;Marekha, Bogdan A.;Idrissi, Abdenacer;Takamuku, Toshiyuki. And the article was included in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics in 2022.Quality Control of 3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide This article mentions the following:

The upper critical solution temperature (UCST)-type liquid-liquid phase separation of imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs), 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([C_nmim][TFSI], where n represents the alkyl chain length of the cation, n = 6, 8, 10, and 12) binary solutions with formamide (FA) was examined as a function of temperature and the FA mole fraction x_FA. The two-phase region (immiscible region) of the solutions is much larger and expands more with the increase in n, in comparison with the previous [C_nmim][TFSI]-1,4-dioxane (1,4-DIO) systems. An array of spectroscopic techniques, including ¹H and ¹³C NMR and IR combined with mol. dynamics (MD) simulations, was conducted on the present binary systems to clarify the microscopic interactions that contribute to the phase-separation mechanism. The hydrogen-bonding interactions of the imidazolium ring H atoms are more favorable with the O atoms of the FA mols. than with 1,4-DIO mols., whereas the latter interact more favorably with the alkyl chain of the cation. Upon lowering the temperature, the FA mols. gradually self-aggregate through self-hydrogen bonding to form FA clusters. Concomitantly, clusters of ILs are formed via the electrostatic interaction between the counter ions and the dispersion force among the IL alkyl chains. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments on the [C₆mim][TFSI]-FA-d₂ and [C₈mim][TFSI]-FA-d₂ systems revealed, similarly to [C_nmim][TFSI]-1,4-DIO systems, the crossover of the mechanism from the 3D-Ising mechanism around the UCST x_FA to the mean-field mechanism at both sides of the mole fraction. Interestingly, the x_FA range of the 3D-Ising mechanism for the FA systems is wider compared with the range of the 1,4-DIO systems. In this way, the self-hydrogen bonding among FA mols. most significantly governs the phase equilibrium of the [C_nmim][TFSI]-FA systems. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide (cas: 404001-48-5Quality Control of 3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide).

3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide (cas: 404001-48-5) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3–C6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a Imidazole based anticancer drug find applications in cancer chemotherapy. It is used as buffer component for purification of the histidine tagged recombinant proteins in immobilized metal-affinity chromatography (IMAC).Quality Control of 3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Tautomerism of amidines. IV. Methylation of 4(5)-nitroglyoxaline and 4(5)-phenylglyoxaline was written by Hazeldine, C. E.;Pyman, F. L.;Winchester, John. And the article was included in Chem. Soc. in 1924.Computed Properties of C4H5N3O2 This article mentions the following:

A further study has been made of the influence of various substituents on the relative proportions of the 2 isomeric alkyl derivatives produced by the action of alkyl esters upon amidines. The NO₂ group favors the formation of the 5-O₂N-1-Me derivative as does the Br derivative but to a smaller extent. The Ph group is exceptional in that the ratio of the 4:1-Me to 5:1-Me derivative is 4.8:1, although its influence is similar to that of the NO₂ and Br groups in affecting the results of the distillation of the common methiodides of 4- and 5-substituted 1-methylglyoxalines. 4-Nitro-1-methylglyoxaline (I), m. 133-4°; HCl salt, large prisms, losing HCl at 100°. 5-Nitro derivative (II), m. 55°; HCl salt, small prisms with 2H₂O, m. 195° (decomposition); picrate, yellow, m. 153.5°, soluble in about 25 parts boiling H₂O. Nitration of 1-methyl-glyoxaline by boiling with HNO₃-H₂SO₄ 2 hrs. gave 21% I and 8% II. Methylation of 4(5)-nitroglyoxaline gave 62.3% II and 0.18% I (ratio, 350:1). Reduction of II by SnCl₂ and HCl gave NH₃, MeNH₂ and NH₂CH₂CO₂H. 4-p-Nitrophenyl-1-methylglyoxaline (III), pale yellow, m. 195°; nitrate, cream-colored needles, m. 197° (decomposition); picrate, m. 258°. III is obtained in 56% yield by nitration of 4-phenyl-1-methylglyoxaline, together with about 10% of the nitrate of the o-isomer, decomposes 182°. The 5-p-nitro derivative (IV), lemon-yellow, m. 171-2°; nitrate, m. 213° (decomposition); picrate, m. 184°. Methylation of 4-p-nitrophenylglyoxaline gave a mixture of 28% III and 2.6% IV. Nitration of III gave 90% of the 5-nitro derivative (V), faintly yellow, m. 208-9°; the HCl salt crystallines with 0.5 H₂O and loses its HCl at 100°. IV yields the 4-nitro derivative, faintly yellow, m. 187°. Methylation of 5-nitro-4-p-nitrophenylglyoxaline gave 66% of V. Reduction of V with SnCl₂ and HCl gave 5-amino-4-p-aminophenyl-1-methylglyoxaline, isolated as the di-HCl salt, needles, darken 200°, do not m. 300°; aqueous solutions give an oil with NaOH which soon darkens in color, or, with NH₃, a solution of transient indigo color. It reduces NH₄OH-AgNO₃ and gives a clear magenta solution with FeCl₃. Hydrolysis gave H₂NC₆H₄CH₂(NH₂)CO₂H, NH₂Me and NH₃. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-4-nitroimidazole (cas: 3034-41-1Computed Properties of C4H5N3O2).

1-Methyl-4-nitroimidazole (cas: 3034-41-1) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. Many drugs contain an imidazole ring, such as certain antifungal drugs, the nitroimidazole series of antibiotics, and the sedative midazolam.Computed Properties of C4H5N3O2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Synthesis of benzimidazoles from o-phenylenediamines and DMF derivatives in the presence of PhSiH₃ was written by Zhu, Jianhua;Zhang, Zhenbei;Miao, Chengxia;Liu, Wei;Sun, Wei. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2017.Application In Synthesis of 7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole This article mentions the following:

A simple approach to preparation of benzimidazoles from o-phenylenediamines and DMF derivatives, only employing PhSiH₃ as promoter without any other additives, was reported. This route provided moderate to high yields with a broad substrate scope. A plausible mechanism for the reaction is proposed based on the spectroscopic characterization (e.g., HRMS and ¹H NMR) of the reaction mixture In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6Application In Synthesis of 7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole).

7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is a heterocyclic compound with a five-membered planar ring. It is amphoteric and highly polar. The pharmacophore of imidazole exists in bioactive compounds including amino acids, plant growth regulators and therapeutic agents.n increase of the alkyl chain length of the alcohols. Application In Synthesis of 7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Nucleophilic and Radical Heptafluoroisopropoxylation with Redox-Active Reagents was written by Tong, Chao-Lai;Xu, Xiu-Hua;Qing, Feng-Ling. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021.Application of 109012-23-9 This article mentions the following:

The practical and efficient heptafluoroisopropoxylation reactions through the invention of a series of redox-active N-OCF(CF₃)₂ reagents e.g., I were described. These reagents were readily prepared from the oxidative heptafluoroisopropylation of hydroxylamines e.g., II with AgCF(CF₃)₂. The substitutions on the nitrogen atom significantly affected the properties and reactivities of N-OCF(CF₃)₂ reagents. Accordingly, two types of N-OCF(CF₃)₂ reagents including I and III were used as OCF(CF₃)₂ anion and radical precursors, resp. This protocol enables the direct heptafluoroisopropoxylation of a range of substrates, delivering the corresponding products in moderate to excellent yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate (cas: 109012-23-9Application of 109012-23-9).

Ethyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate (cas: 109012-23-9) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. Imidazole based anticancer drug find applications in cancer chemotherapy. It is used as buffer component for purification of the histidine tagged recombinant proteins in immobilized metal-affinity chromatography (IMAC).Application of 109012-23-9

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Effects of Cationic Structure on Cellulose Dissolution in Ionic Liquids: A Molecular Dynamics Study was written by Zhao, Yuling;Liu, Xiaomin;Wang, Jianji;Zhang, Suojiang. And the article was included in ChemPhysChem in 2012.Application In Synthesis of 1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride This article mentions the following:

In recent years, great progress has been made in the dissolution of cellulose with ionic liquids (ILs). However, the mechanism of cellulose dissolution, especially the role the IL cation played in the dissolution process, has not been clearly understood. Herein, the mixtures of cellulose with a series of imidazolium-based chloride ionic liquids and 1-butyl-3-Me pyridinium chloride ([C₄mpy]Cl) were simulated to study the effect that varying the heterocyclic structure and alkyl chain length of the IL cation has on the dissolution of cellulose. It was shown that the dissolution of cellulose in [C₄mpy]Cl is better than that in [C₄mim]Cl. For imidazolium-based ILs, the shorter the alkyl chain is, the higher the solubility will be. In addition, an all-atom force field for 1-allyl-3-Me imidazolium cation ([Amim]⁺) was developed, for the first time, to investigate the effect the electron-withdrawing group within the alkyl chain of the IL cation has on the dissolution of cellulose. It was found that the interaction energy between [Amim]⁺ and cellulose was greater than that between [C₃mim]⁺ and cellulose, indicating that the presence of electron-withdrawing group in alkyl chain of the cation enhanced the interaction between the cation and cellulose due to the increase of electronegativity of the cations. These findings are used to assess the cationic effect on the dissolution of cellulose in ILs. They are also expected to be important for rational design of novel ILs for efficient dissolution of cellulose. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8Application In Synthesis of 1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride).

1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole has become an important synthon in the development of new drugs. Imidazole derivatives have antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer functionality. It interacts with DNA and also binds to protein and stops cell division.Application In Synthesis of 1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Iridium-Catalyzed Direct Amidation of Imidazoles at the C-2 Position with Isocyanates in the Presence of Hydrosilanes Leading to Imidazole-2-Carboxamides was written by Fukumoto, Yoshiya;Shiratani, Motohiro;Noguchi, Hikaru;Chatani, Naoto. And the article was included in Synthesis in 2021.Application In Synthesis of 1-Methylbenzimidazole This article mentions the following:

Regioselective synthesis of imidazole-2-carboxamides such as I [R = Me, CH₂OMe, Ph, Bn; R¹ = n-hexyl, cyclohexyl, Ph, 1-adamantyl, Bn; R² = 5-tBu, 5-Ph, 5,6-diMe, etc.] via iridium-catalyzed amidation of imidazoles with isocyanates in the presence of a stoichiometric amount of hydrosilanes was reported. Imidazoles bearing an (O-silyl)carboximidate group at the 2-position appear to be initially formed in the reaction, these were then hydrolyzed to the final products in situ. The addition of the hydrosilane was essential for the catalytic reaction to proceed. Substituents on the imidazole ring had no effect on the reaction, except for certain bulky substituents such as tBu and Ph groups at the 4-position. Triazoles such as 4-methyl-4 H-1,2,4-triazole and 1-methyl-1 H-1,2,4-triazole were also applicable to this C-H amidation and the latter reaction proceeded regioselectively at the carbon atom between the sp3and sp2 nitrogen atoms of the ring, and not between the two sp 2nitrogen atoms. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methylbenzimidazole (cas: 1632-83-3Application In Synthesis of 1-Methylbenzimidazole).

1-Methylbenzimidazole (cas: 1632-83-3) belongs to imidazole derivatives. 1H-imidazole is an imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. It is a conjugate base of an imidazolium cation. It is a conjugate acid of an imidazolide. It is a tautomer of a 4H-imidazole. Imidazole based anticancer drug find applications in cancer chemotherapy. It is used as buffer component for purification of the histidine tagged recombinant proteins in immobilized metal-affinity chromatography (IMAC).Application In Synthesis of 1-Methylbenzimidazole

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Interesting phase behaviors and ion-conducting properties of dicationic N-alkylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate salts was written by Chae, Hyunho;Lee, Yong-Hoon;Yang, Minyong;Yoon, Won-Jin;Yoon, Dong Ki;Jeong, Kwang-Un;Song, Yeon Hwa;Choi, U. Hyek;Lee, Minjae. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2019.COA of Formula: C11H20N2 This article mentions the following:

A series of dicationic imidazolium bis(tetrafluoroborate) salts I (R = Bu, n-hexyl, n-octyl, etc.) was newly synthesized, and their phase transition behaviors were correlated with thermal, scattering, optical and conductivity results. The bis-imidazolium salts I having side-chain lengths of C₆-C₁₀ showed plastic crystal mesophases, while a liquid crystal mesophase was formed in the bis-imidazolium salts with long side-chains (C₁₁ and C₁₂). Soft plastic and liquid crystalline phases were also confirmed by wide-angle X-ray diffraction. For the bis-imidazolium salts I exhibiting a plastic crystal mesophase, the ionic conductivity suddenly increased at the melting temperature However, the bis-imidazolium salts with long side-chains I showed a slope increase during the liquid crystal-liquid crystal transition. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Octyl-1H-imidazole (cas: 21252-69-7COA of Formula: C11H20N2).

1-Octyl-1H-imidazole (cas: 21252-69-7) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is the basic core of some natural products such as histidine, purine, histamine and DNA based structures, etc. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole is incorporated into many important biological compounds. The most pervasive is the amino acid histidine, which has an imidazole side-chain. Histidine is present in many proteins and enzymes, e.g. by binding metal cofactors, as seen in hemoglobin.COA of Formula: C11H20N2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

InCl₃-ionic liquid catalytic system for efficient and selective conversion of cellulose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was written by Li, Hu;Zhang, Qiuyun;Liu, Xiaofang;Chang, Fei;Hu, Deyu;Zhang, Yuping;Xue, Wei;Yang, Song. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2013.Application of 79917-89-8 This article mentions the following:

In recent decades, 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has been considered as a green platform mol. with a wide range of applications in manufacturing fine chems. and biofuels. As the most abundant organic material on earth, cellulose has received increasing attention as a potential material for the production of biofuels and bio-based chems. Efficient methods for transforming cellulose into HMF need to be developed to achieve the successful commercialization of HMF in the near future. A new process for the efficient and selective conversion of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) to HMF was developed by using an InCl₃-ionic liquid catalytic system. The effect of reaction conditions, such as reaction time, temperature, catalyst dosage, and various acidic ionic liquids were investigated in detail. The results showed that 45.3% HMF yield and 84.6% MCC conversion were obtained with the presence of 1-methyl-3-(3-sulfopropyl)-imidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([C₃SO₃Hmim][HSO₄]) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) by adding a catalytic amount of InCl₃ under atm. pressure within 5 h at 160°. Recycling of the [C₃SO₃Hmim][HSO₄] and InCl₃ catalyst exhibited an almost constant activity during five successive trials. A mechanism was proposed to explain the high activity of InCl₃ in [C₃SO₃Hmim][HSO₄]. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8Application of 79917-89-8).

1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole derivatives generally have good solubility in protic solvents. Simple imidazole derivatives, such as 1H-imidazole, 2-methyl-1H-imidazole, and 1,2-dimethylimidazole, have very high solubility in water. Imidazole based anticancer drug find applications in cancer chemotherapy. It is used as buffer component for purification of the histidine tagged recombinant proteins in immobilized metal-affinity chromatography (IMAC).Application of 79917-89-8

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Self nano-emulsifying drug delivery system to enhance solubility and dissolution of candesartan cilexetil was written by Raghuveer, Pathuri;Rani, Avula Prameela. And the article was included in International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation in 2020.Synthetic Route of C33H34N6O6 This article mentions the following:

Self nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) of candesartan cilexetil was explored to enhance its oral bioavailability. SNEDDS has tremendous potential in enhancing oral bioavailability of poorly aqueous soluble therapeutic agents. SNEDDS are pre-concentrate mixture of oil, surfactant and co-surfactant produces nanoemulsion after oral administration due to mild agitation produced by gastro motility within the size range of 20-200nm. The formulations were developed by selecting capmul MCM, triacetin and caprylic acid under the oil phase based on solubility of drug; cremophore RH40, brij35 under surfactants category and transcutol P under co-surfactant on basis of their emulsification property. Optimum concentrations were choosen from the Terinary phase diagrams and evaluated for their properties. From the results of ternary diagrams 16 formulations were selected (A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, C1, C2, C3, C4, D1, D2, E1, E2, F1, F2) and subjected to characterization studies. Best formulations were subjected to particle size anal. and in vitro release studies. Among selected formulations, A1 and C1 have shown high in vitro drug release profiles with less self-emulsification time having grade A dispersibility without any precipitation and phase separation Concentration of surfactant helps in reducing the size of the particle when compared to the co-surfactant concentration Enhanced dissolution of candesartan cilexitil may be attributed to the spontaneous formation of nanoemulsion in vitro with a decreased particle size that leads to the increased surface area leaving the drug candesartan as finely dispersed particles in dissolution media. Formulation C1 consists of triacetin oil 30% weight/weight, cremophore RH 40 6%weight/weight and transcutol P 64%weight/weight showed best emulsification characteristics like 99% percent transmittance, with increased dissolution profile (98%) than pure drug (45%) with nano range goblet size (165.9nm). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5Synthetic Route of C33H34N6O6).

1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is the basic core of some natural products such as histidine, purine, histamine and DNA based structures, etc. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. This ring system is present in important biological building blocks, such as histidine and the related hormone histamine.Synthetic Route of C33H34N6O6

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem