Author: Jessica.F

Ligand effect on ethylene trimerisation with [NNN]-heteroscorpionate pyrazolyl Cr(III) catalysts was written by Zhang, Jun;Li, Aifang;Hor, T. S. Andy. And the article was included in Dalton Transactions in 2009.Quality Control of 1-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carbaldehyde This article mentions the following:

Cr(III) complexes with [NNN]-heteroscorpionate pyrazolyl ligands of the type Pz’₂CHX (Pz’ = pyrazol-1-yl (Pz), or 3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl (Pz^Me); X = N-containing heterocyclic ring or amine CH₂NR¹R²; R¹, R² = H or alkyl) have been prepared Upon activation with MAO, they are active for selective ethylene trimerization to 1-hexene. The effects of the hetero-functional group and chelate ring size on the catalytic performance have been examined The pre-catalysts with an N-heterocycle substituent show highest activity [32,400-53,000 g/(g/Cr/h^-1)] and total C₆ selectivities (>97.6%) as well as 1-hexene selectivity (>96.0%) among hexenes. The X-ray single-crystal crystallog. anal. of CrCl₃[Pz^Me₂CH₂NCH₂Ph] and CrCl₃[Pz^Me₂CH₂NCH₂Fc] (Fc = ferrocenyl) shows a tridentate coordination on the fac-octahedral Cr(III) sphere with the Cr-N bond length dependent on the N-substituent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carbaldehyde (cas: 3012-80-4Quality Control of 1-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carbaldehyde).

1-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carbaldehyde (cas: 3012-80-4) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3–C6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a Many drugs contain an imidazole ring, such as certain antifungal drugs, the nitroimidazole series of antibiotics, and the sedative midazolam.Quality Control of 1-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carbaldehyde

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Inhibition of photosynthesis in Anacystis by alkylbenzimidazoles was written by Buechel, Karl H.;Roechling, Hans;Baedelt, H.;Gerhardt, Bernt;Trebst, Achim. And the article was included in Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung, Teil B: Anorganische Chemie, Organische Chemie, Biochemie, Biophysik, Biologie in 1967.Electric Literature of C15H22N2 This article mentions the following:

Seventeen 2-alkylbenzimidazoles were tested for their ability to inhibit photosynthesis in A. nidulans. Inhibition increased with increasing chain length reaching a maximum with 2-undecylbenzimidazole, with 11 carbons in the side chain, which inhibited photosynthesis by 50% at 4.4 γ/ml. compared with 4650 γ/ml. for 2-propylbenzimidazole or 55 γ/ml. for 2-(dodecylamino)benzimidazole. The photosynthetic inhibition was due to an uncoupling of photophosphorylation. Noncyclic photophosphorylation coupled to ferricyanide reduction in the cell-free alga preparation was more sensitive to 2-undecylbenzimidazole than was cyclic photophosphorylation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Octylbenzimidazole (cas: 13060-24-7Electric Literature of C15H22N2).

2-Octylbenzimidazole (cas: 13060-24-7) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole has become an important synthon in the development of new drugs. The pharmacophore of imidazole exists in bioactive compounds including amino acids, plant growth regulators and therapeutic agents.n increase of the alkyl chain length of the alcohols. Electric Literature of C15H22N2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Heterocyclic ambident nucleophiles. V. Alkylation of benzimidazoles was written by Howell, John R.;Rasmussen, Malcolm. And the article was included in Australian Journal of Chemistry in 1993.Reference of 4887-83-6 This article mentions the following:

Alkylation of 5-substituted benzimidazole anions with a variety of primary alkyl halides in both protic and aprotic solvents showed only small regioselectivity, with a slight preference for reaction at N(1) for 5-nitro and N(3) for 5-methoxy systems. With 4-substituted benzimidazole anions, alkylation gave more divergent results, with the N(1) to N(3) regioselectivity varying between 100:0 and 29:71. These alkylation patterns are interpreted as deriving from an interplay of electrostatic, thermodn., steric and associative control factors within the variable S_N2 transition state structures involved. In the 4-substituted series, proximity effects, both electrostatic field and steric non-bonded, are clearly dominant. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6Reference of 4887-83-6).

7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. This ring system is present in important biological building blocks, such as histidine and the related hormone histamine.Reference of 4887-83-6

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

N-alkylation of N-H compounds in N, N-dimethylformamide dialkyl acetal was written by Zhao, Hui;Zhu, Xiaoyun;Hu, Xiaoxia;Liu, Yan-ge;Tang, Chunlei;Feng, Bainian. And the article was included in Youji Huaxue in 2019.Synthetic Route of C4H5N3O2 This article mentions the following:

The N, N-dimethylformamide dialkyl acetal was used as the alkyl source to achieve different nitrogen alkylation reactions of N-H compounds The reaction has the advantages of cheap raw materials, easy operation, mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope and no metal participation. By studying the effects of solvents, temperature, reaction time, and the amount of N, N-dimethylformamide dialkyl acetal on the reaction, the optimal reaction conditions were obtained. The effect of different N, N-dimethylformamide dialkyl acetals on the alkylation ability of the substrate was investigated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-4-nitroimidazole (cas: 3034-41-1Synthetic Route of C4H5N3O2).

1-Methyl-4-nitroimidazole (cas: 3034-41-1) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. Imidazole derivatives have antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer functionality. It interacts with DNA and also binds to protein and stops cell division.Synthetic Route of C4H5N3O2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Production of reducing sugar from macroalgae saccharina japonica using ionic liquid catalyst was written by Park, Don-Hee;Jeong, Gwi-Taek. And the article was included in Hwahak Konghak in 2013.Safety of 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride This article mentions the following:

In this work, we investigated 20 kinds of ionic liquids as catalyst during the hydrolysis of Saccharina japonica. Three kinds of ionic liquid, 1 -ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, n-butyl-4-methylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate, and n-methylmorpholine [HSO₄], are selected, and then investigated the effect of reaction temperature, catalyst amount and reaction time. The hydrolysis of S. japonica was increased by the increasing of reaction temperature and ionic liquid amount Also, the hydrolysis presented the linear increase by the increasing of reaction time. After 90 min of reaction, the concentrations of reducing sugar of 1 -ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, n-butyl-4-methylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate, and n-methylmorpholine [HSO₄] are reached to 6.2 g/L, 6.4 g/L and 6.0 g/L, resp. As an overall result, we obtained the possibility of hydrolysis of marine biomass using ionic liquids In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (cas: 35487-17-3Safety of 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride).

1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (cas: 35487-17-3) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole derivatives generally have good solubility in protic solvents. Simple imidazole derivatives, such as 1H-imidazole, 2-methyl-1H-imidazole, and 1,2-dimethylimidazole, have very high solubility in water. Many drugs contain an imidazole ring, such as certain antifungal drugs, the nitroimidazole series of antibiotics, and the sedative midazolam.Safety of 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

DNA-based asymmetric catalysis: role of ionic solvents and glymes was written by Zhao, Hua;Shen, Kai. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2014.Recommanded Product: 85692-37-1 This article mentions the following:

Stereoselective Michael addition reactions were performed between imidazolylphenylpropenones and di-Me malonate using DNA-based hybrid metal catalyst in ionic liquids, inorganic salts, DES, glymes and glycols as co-solvents (or additives). The unique chiral structure of DNA allowed the hybrid catalysts to catalyze various asym. synthesis reactions. In general, these additives induced indistinguishable changes to the DNA B-form duplex conformation as suggested by CD (CD) spectroscopy, but imposed a significant influence on the catalytic efficiency of the DNA-based hybrid catalyst. Most ILs and inorganic salts caused the deactivation of the hybrid catalyst except 0.2 M [BMIM][CF₃COO] (95.4% ee and 93% yield) and 0.2 M [BMIM]Cl (93.7% ee and 89% yield). Several other additives were found to improve the catalytic efficiency of the DNA-based hybrid catalyst (control reaction without additive gives >99% ee and 87% yield), 0.4 M glycerol (>99% ee and 96% yield at 5 °C or 96.2% ee and 83% yield at room temperature), 0.2 M choline chloride-glycerol (1 : 2) (92.4% ee and 90% yield at 5 °C or 94.0% ee and 88% yield at room temperature), and 0.5 M dipropylene glycol di-Me ether (>99% ee and 87% yield at room temperature). A brief pre-sonication (5 min) of DNA in MOPS buffer prior to the reaction improved the performance of the DNA-based hybrid catalyst. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 85692-37-1Recommanded Product: 85692-37-1).

1-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 85692-37-1) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole has become an important synthon in the development of new drugs. Imidazole has been usedin the lysis, wash and elution buffer for the purification of histidine tagged Sonic Hedgehog(shh-N) protein, in elution buffer in stepwise gradient for the purification of histidine tagged aldo keto reductases using nickel affinity chromatography, as a component of homogenization buffer for the purification of phagosomal compartments from dendritic cells.Recommanded Product: 85692-37-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Optimization of component variables for self micro emulsifying drug delivery systems by using extreme vertices mixture designs was written by Mittal, Pooja;Seth, Nimrata;Kapoor, Ramit;Mishra, Brahmeshwar. And the article was included in International Research Journal of Pharmacy in 2018.Product Details of 145040-37-5 This article mentions the following:

Self-micro emulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) are the isotropic mixtures of natural or synthetic oils, solid or liquid surfactants, and hydrophilic co-solvents/surfactants that have a unique ability of forming fine oil-in-water (o/w) micro emulsions upon mild agitation followed by dilution in aqueous media, such as GI fluids. These were developed to overcome problems like low solubility and oral bioavailability associated with the delivery of Candesartan Cilexetil (CSC), a poorly water-soluble Angiotensin receptor blocker. Solubility of CSC in oily phases and surfactants was determined to identify components of SMEDDS. The composition of optimized formulation was Carbitol (50%), Cremophore EL (20%), Propylene Glycol (30%) and CSC (40 mg) as oil, surfactant, Co surfactant and drug, resp. Extreme Vertices Mixture design was employed to optimize the formulations and the final formulation was optimized by utilizing desirability function approach. The globule size of optimized formulation was found to be approx. 47 nm which was not affected by the pH of dilution medium. The optimized SMEDDS released CSC approx. 90% irresp. of the pH of dissolution medium. The present study ratified the use of principles of quality by design in optimization of pharmaceutical formulations. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5Product Details of 145040-37-5).

1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is the basic core of some natural products such as histidine, purine, histamine and DNA based structures, etc. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. This ring system is present in important biological building blocks, such as histidine and the related hormone histamine.Product Details of 145040-37-5

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Development of a high-throughput NanoBRET screening platform to identify modulators of the RAS/RAF interaction was written by Durrant, David E.;Smith, Emily A.;Goncharova, Ekaterina I.;Sharma, Nirmala;Alexander, Patrick A.;Stephen, Andrew G.;Henrich, Curtis J.;Morrison, Deborah K.. And the article was included in Molecular Cancer Therapeutics in 2021.Formula: C33H34N6O6 This article mentions the following:

Activating mutations in RAS are found in approx. 30% of human cancers, resulting in the delivery of a persistent signal to critical downstream effectors that drive tumorigenesis. RAS-driven malignancies respond poorly to conventional cancer treatments and inhibitors that target RAS directly are limited; therefore, the identification of new strategies and/or drugs to disrupt RAS signaling in tumor cells remains a pressing therapeutic need. Taking advantage of the live-cell bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) methodol., we describe the development of a NanoBRET screening platform to identify compounds that modulate binding between activated KRAS and the CRAF kinase, an essential effector of RAS that initiates ERK cascade signaling. Using this strategy, libraries containing synthetic compounds, targeted inhibitors, purified natural products, and natural product extracts were evaluated. These efforts resulted in the identification of compounds that inhibit RAS/RAF binding and in turn suppress RAS-driven ERK activation, but also compounds that have the deleterious effect of enhancing the interaction to upregulate pathway signaling. Among the inhibitor hits identified, the majority were compounds derived from natural products, including ones reported to alter KRAS nanoclustering (ophiobolin A), to impact RAF function (HSP90 inhibitors and ROS inducers) as well as some with unknown targets and activities. These findings demonstrate the potential for this screening platform in natural product drug discovery and in the development of new therapeutic agents to target dysregulated RAS signaling in human disease states such as cancer. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5Formula: C33H34N6O6).

1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. Many drugs contain an imidazole ring, such as certain antifungal drugs, the nitroimidazole series of antibiotics, and the sedative midazolam.Formula: C33H34N6O6

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Quantitative Analysis of Conductivity and Viscosity of Ionic Liquids in Terms of Their Relaxation Times was written by Yamaguchi, Tsuyoshi;Nakahara, Eiichiro;Koda, Shinobu. And the article was included in Journal of Physical Chemistry B in 2014.Application In Synthesis of 3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide This article mentions the following:

The frequency-dependent viscosity and conductivity of various ionic liquids were measured exptl., and their mean relaxation times were determined The relaxation times of the viscosity and conductivity were approx. correlated with their resp. zero-frequency limiting values. The Walden products, however, appeared to have no correlation with the ratio of the relaxation time of viscosity to that of conductivity in general. When the alkyl chain of the cation is as short as Bu, more viscous ionic liquids tend to show larger difference between two relaxation times and larger Walden products. Lengthening the alkyl chain of the cation decreases the Walden product while slightly increasing the relaxation time ratio, which was elucidated in terms of the decrease in the high-frequency shear modulus. In addition, the contribution of the mesoscopic structure to viscosity was suggested in the case of the ionic liquid with the longest alkyl chain studied in this work, 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide (cas: 404001-48-5Application In Synthesis of 3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide).

3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide (cas: 404001-48-5) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole derivatives generally have good solubility in protic solvents. Simple imidazole derivatives, such as 1H-imidazole, 2-methyl-1H-imidazole, and 1,2-dimethylimidazole, have very high solubility in water. Imidazole derivatives have antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer functionality. It interacts with DNA and also binds to protein and stops cell division.Application In Synthesis of 3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Influence of 6 or 8-substitution on the antiviral activity of 3-phenethylthiomethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was written by Veron, Jean-Baptiste;Enguehard-Gueiffier, Cecile;Snoeck, Robert;Andrei, Graciela;De Clercq, Erik;Gueiffier, Alain. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2007.Computed Properties of C8H7BrN2 This article mentions the following:

The synthesis of original imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines bearing a phenethylthiomethyl side chain at the 3 position and a (hetero)aryl substituent on the 6 or 8 position, and their antiviral activities are reported. From the synthesized compounds, the 6-halogeno and 6-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives 4c-d and 5b were the most potent against human cytomegalovirus (CMV) and/or varicella-zoster virus (VZV), whereas several other congeners (i.e., 5e, 5g, 5i, 5l, 5n, 5p, 5q, and 5t), while less potent, were equally or more selective in their inhibitory activity against both VZV and CMV. These compounds showed similar activity against thymidine kinase competent (TK⁺) and deficient (TK^–) VZV strains, demonstrating a mechanism of action independent of the viral thymidine kinase. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Bromo-8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (cas: 217435-65-9Computed Properties of C8H7BrN2).

6-Bromo-8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (cas: 217435-65-9) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole has become an important synthon in the development of new drugs. Imidazole derivatives have antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer functionality. It interacts with DNA and also binds to protein and stops cell division.Computed Properties of C8H7BrN2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem