Author: Jessica.F

Idayu Abdul Razak, Mas Amira; Abdul Hamid, Haslinda; Izawati Raja Othman, Raja Nor; Mohd Moktar, Shaik Alaudeen; Miskon, Azizi published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Improved Drug Delivery System for Cancer Treatment by D-Glucose Conjugation with Eugenol From Natural Product》, and you may find the article in Current Drug Delivery.Related Products of 530-62-1 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Bioconjugations are swiftly progressing and are being applied to solve several limitations of conventional Drug Delivery Systems (DDS) such as lack of water solubility, non-specific, and poor bioavailability. The main goals of DDS are to achieve greater drug effectiveness and minimize toxicity to the healthy tissues. In this study, D-glucose was conjugated with eugenol to target the cancer cells. To identify the implication of the anticancer effect, osteosarcoma (K7M2) cells were cultured and the anti-proliferative effect was performed using MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay] test in order to evaluate the viability and toxicity on cells with various concentrations of eugenol and D-glucose-eugenol conjugate in 24-h incubation. It was found that, the successful confirmation of the conjugation between D-glucose and eugenol was obtained by 1H NMR spectroscopy. MTT assay showed inhibitory concentration (IC50 value) of D-glucose-eugenol was at 96.2 μg/mL and the decreased of osteosarcoma cell survival was 48%. These findings strongly indicate that K7M2 cells would be affected by toxicity of D-glucose- eugenol. Therefore, the present study suggests that D-glucose-eugenol has high potential to act as an anti-proliferative agent who may promise a new modality or approach as the drug delivery treatment for cancer or chemotherapeutic agent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methanone(cas: 530-62-1Related Products of 530-62-1)

Di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methanone(cas: 530-62-1) is a peptide coupling reagent,it is used in the synthesis of peptides. Reacts readily with carboxylic acids to form acyl imidazoles; subsequent reaction with amines to form amides goes smoothly.Related Products of 530-62-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Miyamoto, Yukiko; Aggarwal, Shubhangi; Celaje, Jeff Joseph A.; Ihara, Sozaburo; Ang, Jonathan; Eremin, Dmitry B.; Land, Kirkwood M.; Wrischnik, Lisa A.; Zhang, Liangfang; Fokin, Valery V.; Eckmann, Lars published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Gold(I) Phosphine Derivatives with Improved Selectivity as Topically Active Drug Leads to Overcome 5-Nitroheterocyclic Drug Resistance in Trichomonas vaginalis》, and you may find the article in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.Name: 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Trichomonas vaginalis causes the most common, nonviral sexually transmitted infection. Only metronidazole (Mz) and tinidazole are approved for treating trichomoniasis, yet resistance is a clin. problem. The gold(I) complex, auranofin, is active against T. vaginalis and other protozoa but has significant human toxicity. In a systematic structure-activity exploration, authors show here that diversification of gold(I) complexes, particularly as halides with simple C1-C3 trialkyl phosphines or as bistrialkyl phosphine complexes, can markedly improve potency against T. vaginalis and selectivity over human cells compared to that of the existing antirheumatic gold(I) drugs. All gold(I) complexes inhibited the two most abundant isoforms of the presumed target enzyme, thioredoxin reductase, but a subset of compounds were markedly more active against live T. vaginalis than the enzyme, suggesting that alternative targets exist. Furthermore, all tested gold(I) complexes acted independently of Mz and were able to overcome Mz resistance, making them candidates for the treatment of Mz-refractory trichomoniasis. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8Name: 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride)

1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8) is a ligand for arylation of aldehydes and for carbene catalyzed intermolecular arylation of C-H bonds. It is used as a phosphine-free ligand in various metal-catalyzed coupling reactions, often with advantageous results in difficult cases.Name: 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Yang, Lixia; Han, Yuexia; Jiao, Zhen published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Measurement and Correlation of Liquid-Liquid Equilibria of Water (1) + 1-Methylimidazole (2) + [Bmim][PF6] (3) Ternary Systems between 303.15 and 323.15 K》, and you may find the article in Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data.Computed Properties of C4H6N2 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

To obtain the basic data for the recovery of 1-methylimidazole from wastewater by extraction, the ternary liquid-liquid phase equilibrium data of the water (1) + 1-methylimidazole (2) + 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Bmim][PF6]) (3) system were determined using an equilibrium autoclave at the temperatures of 303.15 to 323.15 K and 101.32 kPa. The solute distribution coefficient (D) and the selectivity (S) of the ternary system were calculated in accordance with the exptl. data. Their values were up to 1.39 and 41.17, resp., which showed that the ionic liquid can extract 1-methylimidazole effectively. The exptl. results showed that the temperature had a slight effect on the liquid-liquid equilibrium behavior. Meanwhile, the calculated results revealed that the selectivity coefficient decreased with the enhancing concentration of 1-methylimidazole in the ternary system and the increasing temperature In addition, the nonrandom two liquid (NRTL) model was used for correlation of the ternary systems. The root-mean-square deviation value of 0.0218 indicated that the calculated results using the model were in good agreement with the exptl. data and were reliable to apply to practice. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 1-Methyl-1H-imidazole(cas: 616-47-7Computed Properties of C4H6N2)

1-Methyl-1H-imidazole(cas: 616-47-7) is used as a precursor for the synthesis of pyrrole-imidazole polyamides, ionic liquids such as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate.Computed Properties of C4H6N2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Chang, Tsun-Mei; Billeck, Stephanie E. published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Structure, Molecular Interactions, and Dynamics of Aqueous [BMIM][BF4] Mixtures: A Molecular Dynamics Study》, and you may find the article in Journal of Physical Chemistry B.Electric Literature of C8H15BF4N2 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Mol. dynamics simulations with many-body polarizable force fields were carried out to investigate the thermodn., structural, and dynamic properties of aqueous solutions of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim][BF4]). The radial distribution functions exhibit well-defined features, revealing favored structural correlations between [bmim]+, [BF4]-, and H2O. The addition of water is shown to alter ionic liquid structural organizations by replacing counterions in the coordination shells and disrupt the cation-anion network. At low water concentration, the majority of water mols. are isolated from each other and have lower average dipole moment than that in pure water. With increasing hydration level, while [bmim][BF4] ionic network breaks up and becomes isolated ion pairs or free ions in the dilute limit, water begins to form clusters of increasing sizes and eventually forms a percolating network. As a result, the average water dipole moment increases and approaches its bulk value. Water is also observed to have a substantial influence on the dynamics of ionic liquids At low water content, the cation and anion have similar diffusion coefficients due to the correlated ionic motion of long-lived ion pairs. As the water concentration increases, both ions exhibit greater mobility and faster rotations from the breakup of ionic network. Consequently, the ionic conductivity of [bmim][BF4] aqueous solutions rises with increasing water composition In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium tetrafluoroborate(cas: 174501-65-6Electric Literature of C8H15BF4N2)

3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium tetrafluoroborate(cas: 174501-65-6) is a member of lonic liquids. Actually, lonic liquids as innovative fluids have received wide attention only during the past two decades. The number of SCI papers published on lonic liquids has exponentially increased from a few in 1996 to >5000 in 2016, exceeding the annual growth rates of other popular scientific areas. Electric Literature of C8H15BF4N2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

In 2022,Machado, R. M.; da Silva, S. W.; Bernardes, A. M.; Ferreira, J. Z. published an article in Journal of Environmental Management. The title of the article was 《Degradation of carbendazim in aqueous solution by different settings of photochemical and electrochemical oxidation processes》.Quality Control of 1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine The author mentioned the following in the article:

The present study analyzed the performance of photochem. and electrochem. techniques in the degradation and mineralization of the pesticide carbendazim (CBZ). Direct photolysis (DP), heterogeneous photocatalysis (HP), photoelectrocatalysis (PEC), and electrochem. oxidation (EO) were tested, and the influence of UV radiation, c.d. (j), and supporting electrolyte concentration were evaluated. The results suggest that CBZ is only degraded by DP when UV-C254nm is used. For HP, the CBZ degradation was observed both when UV-A365nm or UV-C254nm were used, which is related to the reactive oxygen species (ROS) formed by the photocatalytic activity (photon-ROS). Neither DP nor HP were able to mineralize CBZ, demonstrating its resistance to photomediated processes. For EO, regardless of the j, there were higher CBZ degradation and mineralization than those observed when using DP and HP. The increase in the supporting electrolyte concentration (Na2SO4) did not affect the levels of degradation and mineralization of CBZ. Concerning the PEC, a CBZ mineralization of 52.2% was accomplished. These findings demonstrate that the EO is the main pathway for CBZ mineralization, suggesting an addnl. effect of the electro-ROS on the photon-ROS and UV-C254nm. The values of mineralization, kinetics, and half-life show that PEC UV-C254nm with a j of 15 mA cm-2 was the best setting for the degradation and mineralization of CBZ. However, when the values of specific energy consumption were considered for industrial applications, the use of EO with a j of 3 mA cm-2 and 4 g L-1 of Na2SO2 becomes more attractive. The assessment of byproducts formed after this best cost-efficient treatment setting revealed the presence of aromatic and aliphatic compounds from CBZ degradation Acute phytotoxicity results showed that the presence of sodium sulfate can be a representative factor regarding the toxicity of samples treated in electrochem. systems. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine(cas: 934-32-7Quality Control of 1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine)

1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine(cas: 934-32-7) can be used in the hydrolysis of a choline carbonate. It was also used in the synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]benzimidazoles.Quality Control of 1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Recommanded Product: 616-47-7In 2021 ,《Immunoinformatics and Pepscan strategies on the path of a peptide-based serological diagnosis of COVID19》 was published in Journal of Immunological Methods. The article was written by Lorenzo, Maria A.; Pachon, Diana; Maier, Alexandra; Bermudez, Henry; Losada, Sandra; Toledo, Marilyan; Pujol, Flor H.; Alarcon de Noya, Belkisyole; Noya, Oscar; Serrano, Maria Luisa. The article contains the following contents:

Several diagnostic tools have been developed for clin. and epidemiol. assays. RT-PCR and antigen detection tests are more useful for diagnosis of acute disease, while antibody tests allow the estimation of exposure in the population. Currently, there is an urgent need for the development of diagnostic tests for COVID-19 that can be used for large-scale epidemiol. sampling. Through a comprehensive strategy, potential 16 mer antigenic peptides suited for antibody-based SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis were identified. A systematic scan of the three structural proteins (S,N and M) and the non-structural proteins (ORFs) present in the SARS-CoV-2 virus was conducted through the combination of immunoinformatic methods, peptide SPOT synthesis and an immunoassay with cellulose-bound peptides (Pepscan). The Pepscan filter paper sheets with synthetic peptides were tested against pools of sera of COVID-19 patients. Antibody recognition showed a strong signal for peptides corresponding to the S, N and M proteins of SARS-CoV-2 virus, but not for the ORFs proteins. The peptides exhibiting higher signal intensity were found in the C-terminal region of the N protein. Several peptides of this region showed strong recognition with all three Igs in the pools of sera. The differential reactivity observed between the different Ig isotypes (IgA, IgM and IgG) within different regions of the S and N proteins, can be advantageous for ensuring accurate diagnosis of all infected patients, with different times of exposure to infection. Few peptides of the M protein showed antibody recognition and no recognition was observed for peptides of the ORFs proteins. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 1-Methyl-1H-imidazole(cas: 616-47-7Recommanded Product: 616-47-7)

1-Methyl-1H-imidazole(cas: 616-47-7) is used as a precursor for the synthesis of pyrrole-imidazole polyamides, ionic liquids such as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate.Recommanded Product: 616-47-7

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Quality Control of 2-Bromo-1H-imidazoleIn 2021 ,《Template-Mediated Control over Polymorphism in the Vapor-Assisted Formation of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Powders and Films》 was published in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition. The article was written by Tu, Min; Kravchenko, Dmitry E.; Xia, Benzheng; Rubio-Gimenez, Victor; Wauteraerts, Nathalie; Verbeke, Rhea; Vankelecom, Ivo F. J.; Stassin, Timothee; Egger, Werner; Dickmann, Marcel; Amenitsch, Heinz; Ameloot, Rob. The article contains the following contents:

The landscape of possible polymorphs for some metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can pose a challenge for controlling the outcome of their syntheses. Demonstrated here is the use of a template to control in the vapor-assisted formation of zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) powders and thin films. Introducing a small amount of either ethanol or DMF vapor during the reaction between ZnO and 4,5-dichloroimidazole vapor results in the formation of the porous ZIF-71 phase, whereas other conditions lead to the formation of the dense ZIF-72 phase or amorphous materials. Time-resolved in situ small-angle X-ray scattering reveals that the porous phase is metastable and can be transformed into its dense polymorph. This transformation is avoided through the introduction of template vapor. The porosity of the resulting ZIF powders and films was studied by N2 and Kr physisorption, as well as positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy. The templating principle was demonstrated for other members of the ZIF family as well, including the ZIF-7 series, ZIF-8_Cl, and ZIF-8_Br. In addition to this study using 2-Bromo-1H-imidazole, there are many other studies that have used 2-Bromo-1H-imidazole(cas: 16681-56-4Quality Control of 2-Bromo-1H-imidazole) was used in this study.

2-Bromo-1H-imidazole(cas: 16681-56-4) is a member of imidazole. Its exclusive structural characteristics with enviable electron-rich features are favorable for imidazole-based fused heterocycles to bind efficiently with an array of enzymes and receptors in biological systems through various weak interactions like hydrogen bonds, ion-dipole, cation-π, π-π stacking, coordination, Van der Waals forces, hydrophobic effects, etc., and therefore they demonstrate widespread bioactivities. Quality Control of 2-Bromo-1H-imidazole

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

《Correction: Substituent effects on the basicity (pKa) of aryl guanidines and 2-(arylimino)imidazolidines: correlations of pH-metric and UV-metric values with predictions from gas-phase ab initio bond lengths [Erratum to document cited in CA168:305952]》 was published in New Journal of Chemistry in 2017. These research results belong to Dardonville, Christophe; Caine, Beth A.; Navarro de la Fuente, Marta; Martin Herranz, Guillermo; Corrales Mariblanca, Beatriz; Popelier, Paul L. A.. Synthetic Route of C6H10N2O2S The article mentions the following:

In the original publication, there are errors in the acknowledgments section; the correction is provided here. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-(methylthio)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole-1-carboxylate(cas: 60546-77-2Synthetic Route of C6H10N2O2S)

Methyl 2-(methylthio)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole-1-carboxylate(cas: 60546-77-2) belongs to imidazoles.Although other azole heterocycles are ubiquitous in a wide range of biologically active natural products, imidazole rings occur predominantly in the natural amino acid histidine. Synthetic Route of C6H10N2O2S In addition, imidazole rings are part of unnatural cyclic peptides and are used as ester isosteres in peptidomimetic studies.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

《Synthesis, thermal stability, vibrational spectra and conformational studies of novel dicationic meta-xylyl linked bis-1-methylimidazolium ionic liquids》 was written by Boumediene, Mostefa; Haddad, Boumediene; Paolone, Annalisa; Drai, Mokhtar; Villemin, Didier; Rahmouni, Mustapha; Bresson, Serge; Abbas, Ouissam. Formula: C4H6N2This research focused onxylyl methylimidazolium ionic liquid thermal stability IR Raman spectra. The article conveys some information:

In recent years, dicationic ionic liquids have been subject of a strongly growing research effort for their interesting and important properties that suggest them to be potential candidate for many applications. Therefore, the knowledge about the synthesis, thermal stability, vibrational spectra and conformational behavior of these compounds is an important subject of study. The objective of the work presented in this paper is to investigate the influence of the substituent relative meta-position of dicationic ionic liquids (ILs), namely meta-xylyl linked bis-1-methylimidazolium ILs, on thermal stability, vibrational spectra and conformational studies. The obtained dicationic ILs were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 19F NMR, 31P NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. Also, their thermal properties were determined and compared. The thermal behavior confirmed that [m-C6H4(CH2ImMe)2+] dicationic ILs containing [(CF3SO2)2N-]2 and [PF6-]2 are more stable that the dichloride [Cl-]2, and bis(tetrafluoroborate) [BF4-]2 dicationic ILs, and they show a good thermal stability up to 340 °C which makes them suitable for thermal application. In the next step, a computational study of the conformers of [m-C6H4(CH2ImMe)2+], by means of DFT calculations with the 6-31G** basis set and the B3LYP theory was performed. Addnl., vibrational spectroscopy studies were conducted by IR (FTIR) and Raman (FT-Raman) spectroscopy on the four dicationic ILs, differing for their anions. Finally a computational investigation of the interactions between anions and cation is presented. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-1H-imidazole(cas: 616-47-7Formula: C4H6N2)

1-Methyl-1H-imidazole(cas: 616-47-7) is used as a precursor for the synthesis of pyrrole-imidazole polyamides, ionic liquids such as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate.Formula: C4H6N2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

《Versatile and Highly Efficient trans-[Pd(NHC)Cl2(DMS/THT)] Precatalysts for C-N and C-C Coupling Reactions in Green Solvents》 was written by Liu, Yaxu; Voloshkin, Vladislav A.; Scattolin, Thomas; Peng, Min; Van Hecke, Kristof; Nolan, Steven P.; Cazin, Catherine S. J.. Product Details of 258278-25-0 And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry on April 12 ,2022. The article conveys some information:

A straightforward synthetic procedure to well-defined, air- and moisture- stable trans-[Pd(NHC)Cl2(DMS/THT)] (NHC=IPr, SIPr, IMes, IPrCl, IPr*, IPr#) pre-catalysts was reported. These complexes were obtained by reacting NHC.HCl imidazolium salts with trans-[PdCl2(DMS/THT)2] precursors with the assistance of the weak base K2CO3 in green acetone at40°C. The scalability of this protocol was demonstrated. The catalytic activity of the synthesized complexes was studied in the Buchwald-Hartwig and Suzuki-Miyaura reactions. Remarkably, most of the synthesized complexes exhibited higher catalytic activity with respect to their PEPPSI congeners in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination in 2-MeTHF. In particular, complex trans-[Pd(IPr#)Cl2(DMS)] enabled the coupling of various (hetero)aryl chlorides and primary/secondary amines with a 0.2 mol% catalyst loading. In addition, trans-[Pd(IPr)Cl2(DMS)] showed excellent performance in the room-temperature Suzuki-Miyaura reaction involving various (hetero)aryl chlorides and aryl boronic acids. In summary, the synthesized complexes, especially trans-[Pd(NHC)Cl2(DMS)], was considered as greener alternatives to classical PEPPSI type catalysts based on the lower toxicity of the throw-away DMS ligand compared to 3-chloropyridine. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 258278-25-0Product Details of 258278-25-0)

1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 258278-25-0) may be used as a precursor to the free carbene 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-2-imidazolidinylidene, and also used as an in situ formed catalyst in a variety of reactions, e.g. amination, Heck coupling reaction, the ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), hydrogenation.Product Details of 258278-25-0In addition, it can efficiently catalyze the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of aryl chlorides with aryl boronic acids.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem