Author: Jessica.F

NMR studies on heterocycle chemistry. XXII. Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance study on benzimidazole derivatives was written by Fruchier, A.;Pappalardo, L.;Elguero, J.. And the article was included in Anales de Quimica, Serie C: Quimica Organica y Bioquimica in 1980.HPLC of Formula: 4887-83-6 This article mentions the following:

The ¹³C NMR chem. shifts of benzimidazoles I (R = Me, Cl, NO₂; n = 0-2; R¹ = H or Me) and of corresponding 1,3-dimethylbenzimidazolium salts were measured. The effect of substituents on the shifts were calculated Equilibrium constants were determined for tautomerism of 5 I (R¹ = H). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6HPLC of Formula: 4887-83-6).

7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole derivatives generally have good solubility in protic solvents. Simple imidazole derivatives, such as 1H-imidazole, 2-methyl-1H-imidazole, and 1,2-dimethylimidazole, have very high solubility in water. Imidazole derivatives have antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer functionality. It interacts with DNA and also binds to protein and stops cell division.HPLC of Formula: 4887-83-6

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Catalytic oxidative desulfurization of model fuel over MnWO₄ was written by Li, Jia-hui;Hu, Jia;Zhao, Rong-xiang;Li, Xiu-ping. And the article was included in Yingyong Huagong in 2014.Synthetic Route of C4H7ClN2 This article mentions the following:

Manganese tungstate was prepared by direct precipitation method. The oxidative desulfurization activity was improved by high temperature calcination activation and activation of hydrogen peroxide. Activated MnWO₄ as catalyst, hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant, imidazole fluoroborate as extraction agent, dibenzothiophene (DBT) in simulated oil was removed by oxidation The influence of reaction time, reaction temperature, amount of catalyst, amount of oxidant, type of extractant, type of sulfide, etc. on catalytic oxidative desulfurization was studied. The results indicated the optimized desulfurization conditions were as follows: temperature 50掳C, 0.3 mL of hydrogen peroxide, 0.03 g of catalyst, imidazole tetrafluoroborate as the extractant, and the reaction time was 60 min. The desulphurization rate was up to 90%. The reaction system could recycle 5 times with a slight decrease in activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (cas: 35487-17-3Synthetic Route of C4H7ClN2).

1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (cas: 35487-17-3) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3鈥揅6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a Imidazole based anticancer drug find applications in cancer chemotherapy. It is used as buffer component for purification of the histidine tagged recombinant proteins in immobilized metal-affinity chromatography (IMAC).Synthetic Route of C4H7ClN2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

A visible-light-activated rhodium complex in enantioselective conjugate addition of 伪-amino radicals with Michael acceptors was written by Lin, Shao-Xia;Sun, Gui-Jun;Kang, Qiang. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2017.Synthetic Route of C6H8N2O This article mentions the following:

We report an efficient enantioselective conjugate addition of photogenerated 伪-amino radicals to Michael acceptors catalyzed by a newly prepared chiral-at-metal rhodium complex. This protocol shows that a single Rh(III) complex can serve not only as a Lewis acid but also as a photoredox catalyst to control the stereoselectivity during the bond formation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 85692-37-1Synthetic Route of C6H8N2O).

1-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 85692-37-1) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is a heterocyclic compound with a five-membered planar ring. It is amphoteric and highly polar. Imidazole derivatives have antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer functionality. It interacts with DNA and also binds to protein and stops cell division.Synthetic Route of C6H8N2O

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

DNA Damage and Cytotoxicity Induced by Minor Groove Binding Methyl Sulfonate Esters was written by Varadarajan, Sridhar;Shah, Dharini;Dande, Prasad;Settles, Samuel;Chen, Fa-xian;Fronza, Gilberto;Gold, Barry. And the article was included in Biochemistry in 2003.Synthetic Route of C7H9N3O4 This article mentions the following:

Minor groove specific DNA equilibrium binding peptides (lex) based on N-methylpyrrole-carboxamide and/or N-methylimidazolecarboxamide subunits have been modified with an O-Me sulfonate ester functionality to target DNA methylation in the minor groove at Ade/Thy- and/or Gua/Cyt-rich sequences. HPLC and sequencing gel analyses show that the Me-lex compounds all selectively react with DNA to afford N3-alkyladenine as a major adduct. The formation of the N3-alkyladenine lesions is sequence-dependent based on the equilibrium binding preferences of the different lex peptides. In addition to the reaction at adenine, the mols. designed to target Gua/Cyt sequences also generate lesions at guanine; however, the methylation is not sequence dependent and takes places in the major groove at the N7-position. To determine if and how the level of the different DNA adducts and the sequence selectivity for their formation affects cytotoxicity, the Me-lex analogs were tested in wild type Escherichia coli and in mutant strains defective in base excision repair (tag and/or alkA or apn). The results demonstrate the importance of 3-methyladenine, and in some cases 3-methylguanine, lesions in cellular toxicity, and the dominant protective role of the DNA glycosylases. There is no evidence that the sequence specificity is related to toxicity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate (cas: 109012-23-9Synthetic Route of C7H9N3O4).

Ethyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate (cas: 109012-23-9) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3鈥揅6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a The pharmacophore of imidazole exists in bioactive compounds including amino acids, plant growth regulators and therapeutic agents.n increase of the alkyl chain length of the alcohols. Synthetic Route of C7H9N3O4

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Polyimide/ionic liquid composite membranes for middle and high temperature fuel cell application: water sorption behavior and proton conductivity was written by Fatyeyeva, Kateryna;Rogalsky, Sergiy;Makhno, Stanislav;Tarasyuk, Oksana;Puente, Jorge Arturo Soto;Marais, Stephane. And the article was included in Membranes (Basel, Switzerland) in 2020.Name: 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride This article mentions the following:

Four water insoluble room-temperature protic ionic liquids (PILs) based on the N-alkylimidazoliumcation with the alkyl chain length from 1 to 4 and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anion were synthesized and their chem. structure was confirmed by the ¹H NMR and ¹⁹F NMR anal. PILs were revealed to be thermally stable up to 360 and 400掳C. At the same time, the proton conductivity of PILs was found to be dependent mostly on the temperature and, to a less extent, on the type of the cation, i.e., the increase of the conductivity from ~3 x 10^-4 S/cm at 25掳C to 2 x 10^-2 S/cm at 150掳C was observed The water vapor sorption capacity of PILs was evaluated as a function of relative humidity and the influence of the alkyl chain length on the phase behavior in the PIL-water system was discussed. The composite polyimide/PILs membranes were prepared by the PIL immobilization in the porous polymer (Matrimid 5218) film. The composite membranes showed a high level of proton conductivity (~10^-3 S/cm) at elevated temperatures (up to 160掳C). The obtained results reveal that the elaborated composite polyimide/PIL membranes are promising candidates for the application as proton exchange membrane at middle and high temperatures In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (cas: 35487-17-3Name: 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride).

1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (cas: 35487-17-3) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3鈥揅6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a Imidazole derivatives have antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer functionality. It interacts with DNA and also binds to protein and stops cell division.Name: 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Palladium-catalyzed C3-selective C-H oxidative carbonylation of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with CO and alcohols: a way to access esters was written by Wang, Shoucai;Zhang, Siyu;Liu, Meichen;Zang, Jiawang;Jiang, Guangbin;Ji, Fanghua. And the article was included in Organic Chemistry Frontiers in 2020.Category: imidazoles-derivatives This article mentions the following:

A palladium-catalyzed C3-selective C-H oxidative carbonylation for the synthesis of various esters such as I [R¹ = H, Ph, 2-thienyl, etc.; R² = H, 8-Me, 7-CN, etc.; R³ = Me, Et, Bn, etc.] from imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines, CO and alcs. with high efficiency and high atom economy was developed. This process featured excellent functional-group tolerance and was safely conducted on a gram scale. This reaction also facilitated the convenient synthesis of clin. used saripidem. Moreover, several natural products such as leaf alc., phytol, nerol and tetrahydrogeraniol were well tolerated, delivering the desired products in good to excellent yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Nitroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (cas: 25045-82-3Category: imidazoles-derivatives).

6-Nitroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (cas: 25045-82-3) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole derivatives generally have good solubility in protic solvents. Simple imidazole derivatives, such as 1H-imidazole, 2-methyl-1H-imidazole, and 1,2-dimethylimidazole, have very high solubility in water. Many drugs contain an imidazole ring, such as certain antifungal drugs, the nitroimidazole series of antibiotics, and the sedative midazolam.Category: imidazoles-derivatives

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Pharmacokinetic results of a phase I trial of sorafenib in combination with dacarbazine in patients with advanced solid tumors was written by Brendel, Erich;Ludwig, Matthias;Lathia, Chetan;Robert, Caroline;Ropert, Stanislas;Soria, Jean-Charles;Armand, Jean-Pierre. And the article was included in Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology in 2011.Name: 1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide This article mentions the following:

Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor of Raf and several growth factor receptors, is under investigation in combination with dacarbazine, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of many cancers. The current phase I study investigates the effects of sorafenib on the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of dacarbazine and its metabolite 5-amino-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AIC). AIC is formed in amounts equimolar to the active alkylating moiety, methane diazohydroxide, which is undetectable by known validated assays. Patients with advanced solid tumors received i.v. dacarbazine 1000 mg/m² on day 1 of a 21-day cycle to evaluate the PK of dacarbazine alone. Sorafenib 400 mg was administered twice daily continuously starting at day 2 of cycle 1. The PK of dacarbazine in the presence of sorafenib was assessed on day 1 of cycle 2. Sorafenib PK was also assessed at steady state. PK data were available for 15 of 23 patients. With concomitant administration of sorafenib, the mean AUC and C _max values of dacarbazine were reduced by 23% and 16%, resp. Mean AUC and C _max values of AIC were increased by 41% and 45%, resp., with individual increases of up to 106% and 136%, resp. The apparent terminal half-lives of the two compounds were not significantly influenced by sorafenib. Based on coefficients of variation, the AUC and C _max values for sorafenib and its three metabolites were highly variable with dacarbazine coadministration. Concomitant administration of sorafenib and dacarbazine as described above may result in decreased dacarbazine exposure but increased AIC exposure. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide (cas: 26832-08-6Name: 1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide).

1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide (cas: 26832-08-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is the basic core of some natural products such as histidine, purine, histamine and DNA based structures, etc. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole is incorporated into many important biological compounds. The most pervasive is the amino acid histidine, which has an imidazole side-chain. Histidine is present in many proteins and enzymes, e.g. by binding metal cofactors, as seen in hemoglobin.Name: 1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Insight into the role of ion-pairing in the adsorption of imidazolium derivative-based ionic liquids by activated carbon was written by Liu, Mengping;Zhu, Ling;Zhang, Xiaoxian;Han, Wenhui;Qiu, Yuping. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2020.Product Details of 79917-89-8 This article mentions the following:

The association of the cation and anion of ionic liquids (ILs) dominates the absorbability of ILs by activated carbon (AC). Nevertheless, the mechanism behind the role of ion-pairs is largely unknown. In this study, the adsorption of a series of imidazolium derivative-based ILs by AC was involved in response to the octanol-water partition coefficient (K_OW), hydrogen bonding acidity (伪), ion-pair binding constants (K_IP), binding energy of ion-pairs (E_binding) and d. functional theory (DFT) calculation of ILs. A significant pos. correlation between lg K_OW and K_d and between K_IP and lg K_OW was observed (p < 0.05). However, both E_binding and 伪 was inversely proportional to K_IP. Hence, the substitution of oxygen-containing functional groups, such as carboxyethyl, 1-methoxyethyl, and 1-(ethoxycarbonyl)methyl, on imidazolium ring enhanced the hydrogen bond interaction with water mols. and then weakened the binding of imidazolium cation and [NTf₂]^–, thereby reducing the adsorption of ILs to AC. DFT calculation further revealed that the polar substitution improved the electron d. and electronegativity of imidazolium skeleton. By contrast, the ILs functionalized with non-polar groups (e.g., Bu, allyl, and benzyl) generally displayed high K_IP values and low 伪 values. Consequently, the formation of hydrogen bond between the oxygen-containing functional groups of IL cation and water would facilitate the dissociation of IL ion-pairs and then decrease the adsorption of ILs on AC. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8Product Details of 79917-89-8).

1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3鈥揅6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a Imidazole is incorporated into many important biological compounds. The most pervasive is the amino acid histidine, which has an imidazole side-chain. Histidine is present in many proteins and enzymes, e.g. by binding metal cofactors, as seen in hemoglobin.Product Details of 79917-89-8

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Synthesis, In silico and in vitro studies of Silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes was written by Sarfraz, Ayesha;Ashraf, Rizwan;Ali, Shaukat;Taskin-Tok, Tugba;Khalid, Zohra;Ullah, Sana;Kahlid, Talha;Mushtaq, Muhammad;El-Bahy, Salah M.;El-Bahy, Zeinhom M.. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Structure in 2022.SDS of cas: 21252-69-7 This article mentions the following:

In the present study, four silver based NHC (N-heterocyclic carbene) complexes (1c–4c) were designed and synthesized from their precursor salts (1b–4b). The successful synthesis of salts and complexes was assured through spectroscopic techniques (UV-visible, FTIR, ¹H NMR) as well as mass spectrometry. The in silico ADMET study and mol. docking calculations predicted the compounds are good drug candidates having therapeutic potential against multiple cancer targets including COX-1, VEGFA, HIF as well as VGF. Results of in vitro study conducted through MTT assay confirmed that all test compounds have concentration dependent potency but silver complexes (1c–4c) have far superior activity than precursor, salts (1b–4b) and slightly lower than standard drugs (carboplatin and cisplatin) against various cancer cell lines. Among the studied compounds, 3c showed lowest IC₅₀ value of 0.981 卤 0.09, 1.10 卤 0.14 and 0.973 卤 0.12渭g/mL against MCF-7, HCT-116 and A549 resp. The test compounds were found good antibacterial agents, when screened against bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli and S. typhimurium), as well as antioxidant agents when tested against DPPH free radicals. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Octyl-1H-imidazole (cas: 21252-69-7SDS of cas: 21252-69-7).

1-Octyl-1H-imidazole (cas: 21252-69-7) belongs to imidazole derivatives. 1H-imidazole is an imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. It is a conjugate base of an imidazolium cation. It is a conjugate acid of an imidazolide. It is a tautomer of a 4H-imidazole. Imidazole also acts as a microtubule destabilizing agents and inhibits topoisomerase and Cytochrome P450 Family 26 Subfamily A Member 1 (CYP26A1) enzymes.SDS of cas: 21252-69-7

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

N-Heterocyclic carbenes – catalysts for the preparation of polyhedral silsesquioxanes was written by Kozelj, Matjaz;Orel, Boris. And the article was included in Dalton Transactions in 2013.Synthetic Route of C7H13ClN2 This article mentions the following:

N-Heterocyclic carbenes could be used as powerful catalysts for the preparation of various polyhedral silsesquioxanes. NHCs also catalyze a rearrangement of existing cages and a scrambling between two different cages at a concentration as low as 1 mol%. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8Synthetic Route of C7H13ClN2).

1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8) belongs to imidazole derivatives. 1H-imidazole is an imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. It is a conjugate base of an imidazolium cation. It is a conjugate acid of an imidazolide. It is a tautomer of a 4H-imidazole. Imidazole is incorporated into many important biological compounds. The most pervasive is the amino acid histidine, which has an imidazole side-chain. Histidine is present in many proteins and enzymes, e.g. by binding metal cofactors, as seen in hemoglobin.Synthetic Route of C7H13ClN2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem