Coadministration with bendamustine restores the antitumor activity of obinutuzumab in obinutuzumab-resistant tumors was written by Yamashita-Kashima, Yoriko;Yorozu, Keigo;Fujimura, Takaaki;Kawasaki, Natsumi;Kurasawa, Mitsue;Yoshiura, Shigeki;Harada, Naoki;Kondoh, Osamu;Yoshimura, Yasushi. And the article was included in International Journal of Hematology in 2022.COA of Formula: C16H21Cl2N3O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:
The glycoengineered, humanized anti-CD20 antibody obinutuzumab is indicated for previously untreated or relapsed/refractory CD20-pos. follicular lymphoma (FL). However, the effectiveness of obinutuzumab retreatment in relapsed/refractory FL after prior obinutuzumab-containing therapy is unclear. To address this issue, we investigated the antitumor activity of obinutuzumab plus bendamustine in obinutuzumab-resistant tumors established from a human non-Hodgkin lymphoma xenograft model. Obinutuzumab-resistant tumors (SU-DHL-4-OR-18-8) were established from an SU-DHL-4 xenograft model by repeated administration of obinutuzumab. Antitumor activity was evaluated based on tumor volume after treatment with obinutuzumab on Day 1, 8, and 15 and/or bendamustine on Day 1 and 2. Intratumoral natural killer (NK) cells/macrophages were evaluated by immunohistochem. and flow cytometry. In SU-DHL-4-OR-18-8 xenografted tumors, intratumoral NK cells/macrophages after obinutuzumab treatment were significantly decreased compared with parent tumors on Day 4. The endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor phospho-IRE1 was also decreased. In SU-DHL-4-OR-18-8 tumors, bendamustine treatment increased phospho-IRE1 on Day 4 and intratumor NK cells/macrophages on Day 10. Obinutuzumab combined with bendamustine significantly increased antitumor activity compared with each single agent on Day 29, with an increase in chemoattractant CCL6 expression on Day 10. Coadministration of bendamustine in obinutuzumab retreatment may be effective against obinutuzumab-resistant tumors. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-(5-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)butanoic acid (cas: 16506-27-7COA of Formula: C16H21Cl2N3O2).
4-(5-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)butanoic acid (cas: 16506-27-7) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole has become an important synthon in the development of new drugs. Imidazole is incorporated into many important biological compounds. The most pervasive is the amino acid histidine, which has an imidazole side-chain. Histidine is present in many proteins and enzymes, e.g. by binding metal cofactors, as seen in hemoglobin.COA of Formula: C16H21Cl2N3O2
Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem