Category: 16961-25-4

In organic chemistry, atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are generally referred to as heteroatoms. The most common heteroatoms are nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Now I present to you an article called Photoelectrochemical detection for 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl in fish based on synergistic effects by Schottky junction and sensitization, published in 2022-01-01, which mentions a compound: 16961-25-4, mainly applied to fish 3344tetrachlorobiphenyl photoelectrochem Schottky junction sensitization; 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl; Local surface plasmon resonance; Photoelectrochemical aptasensor; Schottky junction; Signal amplification, Category: imidazoles-derivatives.

In this study, a novel signal amplification strategy on photoelectrochem. (PEC) aptasensor was designed for high-sensitivity and -selectivity detection of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB77) on the basis of Schottky junction and sensitization. First, the Schottky barrier not only provided an electron-transfer irreversible passage from CuO to Au Nanoparticles (NPs) but also generated excellent local surface plasmon resonance between CuO and Au NPs, thus improving the efficiency of charge separation and light absorption. Second, to further improve the response of the PEC aptasensor under the action of the sensitization, the complementary-DNA-functionalized CdS quantum dots were introduced onto the surface of CuO/Au NPs via hybridization of the target aptamer. The PEC aptasensor exhibited a low detection limit of 17.3 pg L-1, and a wide linear response was shown at a range of 0.2-220 ng L-1 depending on the variation of photocurrent before and after incubation.

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Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 16961-25-4, is researched, Molecular AuCl4H7O3, about Formation of Si nanorods and discrete nanophases by axial diffusion of Si from substrate into Au and AuPt nanoalloy nanorods, the main research direction is silicon gold platinum nanoalloy nanorod nanophase axial diffusion; 1D-nanostructures; AAO thin films; Au nanoparticles; Au nanorods; AuPt nanoalloy; Pt nanorods; Si nanorods; diffusion; electrodeposition in AAO; platinum silicide.Reference of Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate.

Interdiffusion between Si substrate and nanorod arrays of Au, Pt, and AuPt nanoalloys is investigated at temperatures lower than the AuSi eutectic temperature When the nanorod is pure Au, Si diffusion from the substrate is very rapid. Au atoms are completely replaced by Si, converting the nanostructure into one of Si nanorod arrays. Au is diffused out to the substrate. The Au nanorod arrays on Si are unstable. When the nanorod is pure Pt, however, no diffusion of Si into the nanorod or any silicide formation is observed The Pt nanorods are stable on Si substrate. When the nanorods are an alloy of AuPt, interesting interactions occur. Si diffusion into the nanorods is rapid but the diffusing Si readily reacts with Pt forming PtSi while Au diffuses out to the substrate. After annealing, nanophases of Au, Pt, PtSi, and Si may be present within the nanorods. When the Pt content of the alloy is low (12 at%) all Pt atoms are converted to silicide and the extra Si atoms remain in elemental form, particularly near the tip of the nanorods. Hence, the presence of Au accelerates Si diffusion and the ensuing reaction to form PtSi, a phenomenon absents in pure Pt nanorods. When the Au content of the alloy is low, the Si diffusion would cease when all Au atoms have diffused out of the nanorod, thereby arresting the silicide formation resulting in excess Pt in elemental form within the nanorod. This is a technique of making Si nanorods with and without embedded PtSi nanophase consisting of heterojunctions which could have unique properties.

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Imidazole – Wikipedia,
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Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 16961-25-4, is researched, SMILESS is Cl[Au-](Cl)(Cl)Cl.[H]O[H].[H]O[H].[H]O[H].[H+], Molecular AuCl4H7O3Journal, Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov’t, Scientific Reports called Antimicrobial activities of green synthesized gums-stabilized nanoparticles loaded with flavonoids, Author is Anwar, Ayaz; Masri, Abdulkader; Rao, Komal; Rajendran, Kavitha; Khan, Naveed Ahmed; Shah, Muhammad Raza; Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah, the main research direction is gum stabilized nanoparticle flavonoid green synthesis antimicrobial activity.HPLC of Formula: 16961-25-4.

Herein, we report green synthesized nanoparticles based on stabilization by plant gums, loaded with citrus fruits flavonoids Hesperidin (HDN) and Naringin (NRG) as novel antimicrobial agents against brain-eating amoebae and multi-drug resistant bacteria. Nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized by using zetasizer, zeta potential, at. force microscopy, ultravoilet-visible and Fourier transform-IR spectroscopic techniques. The size of these spherical nanoparticles was found to be in the range of 100-225 nm. The antiamoebic effects of these green synthesized Silver and Gold nanoparticles loaded with HDN and NRG were tested against Acanthamoeba castellanii and Naegleria fowleri, while antibacterial effects were evaluated against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and neuropathogenic Escherichia coli K1. Amoebicidal assays revealed that HDN loaded Silver nanoparticles stabilized by gum acacia (GA-AgNPs-HDN) quant. abolished amoeba viability by 100%, while NRG loaded Gold nanoparticles stabilized by gum tragacanth (GT-AuNPs-NRG) significantly reduced the viability of A. castellanii and N. fowleri at 50μg per mL. Furthermore, these nanoparticles inhibited the encystation and excystation by more than 85%, as well as GA-AgNPs-HDN only completely obliterated amoeba-mediated host cells cytopathogenicity. Whereas, GA-AgNPs-HDN exhibited significant bactericidal effects against MRSA and E. coli K1 and reduced bacterial-mediated host cells cytotoxicity. Notably, when tested against human cells, these nanoparticles showed minimal (23%) cytotoxicity at even higher concentration of 100μg per mL as compared to 50μg per mL used for antimicrobial assays. Hence, these novel nanoparticles formulations hold potential as therapeutic agents against infections caused by brain-eating amoebae, as well as multi-drug resistant bacteria, and recommend a step forward in drug development.

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Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate, is researched, Molecular AuCl4H7O3, CAS is 16961-25-4, about Improvement of the carbon monoxide gas sensing properties of polyaniline in the presence of gold nanoparticles at room temperature, the main research direction is carbon monoxide gas sensor polyaniline gold nanocomposite.Reference of Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate.

In the present work, the influence of gold (Au) nanoparticles on carbon monoxide gas sensing performance of polyaniline (PAni) at room temperature was comprehensively studied. The Au/PAni nanocomposites were synthesized by the ultrasound mixing of emeraldine salt polyaniline and different amounts of Au nanoparticles colloidal solution The analyses of field emission scanning electron microscope in conjunction with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy indicated that the surface of PAni fibers was well decorated with Au nanoparticles due to the electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding. Then, the gas sensing performance of all sensors was investigated toward various concentrations of carbon monoxide gas ranging from 200 to 6000 ppm at room temperature The results indicated that the 2.5%Au/PAni sensor possesses high response(14%-1000 ppm), low detection limit(33 ppm), the acceptable response time(180 s), wide dynamic range(200-6000 ppm) and good selectivity owing to catalytic properties of Au nanoparticles. Thus, the one-dimensional nanostructure might give a promise for high-performance sensing applications.

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Reference:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic.Cerra, Sara; Salamone, Tommaso A.; Sciubba, Fabio; Marsotto, Martina; Battocchio, Chiara; Nappini, Silvia; Scaramuzzo, Francesca A.; Li Voti, Roberto; Sibilia, Concita; Matassa, Roberto; Beltran, Ana Maria; Familiari, Giuseppe; Fratoddi, Ilaria researched the compound: Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate( cas:16961-25-4 ).COA of Formula: AuCl4H7O3.They published the article 《Study of the interaction mechanism between hydrophilic thiol capped gold nanoparticles and melamine in aqueous medium》 about this compound( cas:16961-25-4 ) in Colloids and Surfaces, B: Biointerfaces. Keywords: hydrophilic thiol gold nanoparticle melamine UV spectroscopy; 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate; Aggregation mechanism; Electrostatic interactions; Hydrophilic gold nanoparticles; Melamine. We’ll tell you more about this compound (cas:16961-25-4).

In the last years, intense efforts have been made in order to obtain colloidal-based systems capable of pointing out the presence of melamine in food samples. In this work, we reported about the recognition of melamine in aqueous solution, using gold nanoparticles stabilized with 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate (AuNPs-3MPS), with the aim of deepening how the recognition process works. AuNPs were synthesized using a wet chem. reduction method. The synthesized AuNPs-3MPS probe was fully characterized, before and after the recognition process, by both physicochem. (UV-vis, FT-IR, 1H-NMR, DLS and ζ-potential) and morphostructural techniques (AFM, HR-TEM). The chem. and electronic structure was also investigated by SR-XPS. The sensing method is based on the melamine-induced aggregation of AuNPs; the presence of melamine was successfully detected in the range of 2.5-500 ppm. The results achieved also demonstrate that neg. charged AuNPs-3MPS are potentially useful for determining melamine contents in aqueous solution SR-XPS measurements allowed to understand interaction mechanism between the probe and the analyte. The presence of sulfonate groups allows a mutual interaction mediated by electrostatic bonds between nanoparticles surface thiols and pos. charged amino groups of melamine mols.

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Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

In organic chemistry, atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are generally referred to as heteroatoms. The most common heteroatoms are nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Now I present to you an article called Facet-selective asymmetric functionalization of anisotropic gold nanoprisms for Janus particle synthesis, published in 2020-06-30, which mentions a compound: 16961-25-4, mainly applied to hexadecane thiol mol coating gold nanoprism Janus particle synthesis, Recommanded Product: 16961-25-4.

Abstract: Janus particles, which possess asym. structures and/or multiple surface chemistries, have attracted intense interest due to their capability of multiple distinct interactions with their environment. Most Janus particles synthesis techniques rely on applying coating mols. on isotropic particles. Herein, we demonstrate a method to controllably functionalize both major facets of geometrically anisotropic triangular gold nanoprisms in the size range of 100-200 nm with two distinct mol. coatings (hexadecane thiol or thiolated poly (ethylene) glycol and thiol-modified oligonucleotide), giving rise to the formation of Janus gold nanoprisms. Janus particles orient themselves on the interface of water-chloroform mixture and exhibit variable interaction with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces due to their amphiphilicity and undergo asym. self-assembly behavior with other nanoparticles.

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Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Formula: AuCl4H7O3. The fused heterocycle is formed by combining a benzene ring with a single heterocycle, or two or more single heterocycles. Compound: Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate, is researched, Molecular AuCl4H7O3, CAS is 16961-25-4, about Doxorubicin-loaded gold nanorods: a multifunctional chemo-photothermal nanoplatform for cancer management. Author is Awan, Uzma Azeem; Raza, Abida; Ali, Shaukat; Saeed, Rida Fatima; Akhtar, Nosheen.

Two of the limitations associated with cancer treatment are the low efficacy and the high dose-related side effects of anticancer drugs. The purpose of the current study was to fabricate biocompatible multifunctional drug-loaded nanoscale moieties for co-therapy (chemo-photothermal therapy) with maximum efficacy and min. side effects. Herein, we report in vitro anticancerous effects of doxorubicin (DOX) loaded on gold nanorods coated with the polyelectrolyte poly(sodium-4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS-GNRs) with and without NIR laser (808 nm, power d. = 1.5 W/cm2 for 2 min) irradiation The drug-loading capacity of PSS-GNRs was about 76% with a drug loading content of 3.2 mg DOX/mL. The cumulative DOX release significantly increased after laser exposure compared to non-irradiated samples (p < 0.05). The zeta potential values of GNRs, PSS-GNRs and DOX-PSS-GNRs were measured as 42 ± 0.1 mV, -40 ± 0.3 mV and 39.3 ± 0.6 mV, resp. PSS-GNRs nanocomplexes were found to be biocompatible and showed higher photothermal stability. The DOX-conjugated nanocomplexes with NIR laser irradiation appear more efficient in cell inhibition (93%) than those without laser exposure (65%) and doxorubicin alone (84%). The IC50 values of PSS-GNRs-DOX and PSS-GNRs-DOX were measured as 7.99 and 3.12μg/mL, resp., with laser irradiation Thus, a combinatorial approach based on chemotherapy and photothermal strategies appears to be a promising platform in cancer management. I hope my short article helps more people learn about this compound(Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate)Formula: AuCl4H7O3. Apart from the compound(16961-25-4), you can read my other articles to know other related compounds.

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Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

COA of Formula: AuCl4H7O3. The fused heterocycle is formed by combining a benzene ring with a single heterocycle, or two or more single heterocycles. Compound: Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate, is researched, Molecular AuCl4H7O3, CAS is 16961-25-4, about Direct printing of gold nanospheres from colloidal solutions by pyro-electrohydrodynamic jet allows hypersensitive SERS sensing. Author is Pannico, Marianna; Musto, Pellegrino; Rega, Romina; Vespini, Veronica; Grilli, Simonetta; Ferraro, Pietro.

Pyro-electrohydrodynamic jet printing (p-jet) has been used to fabricate a nanostructured plasmonic sensor for SERS spectroscopy. The p-jet approach allowed us to have an assembly of nanoparticles with suitable geometry and size, which resulted in a sensing surface with intense SERS activity and a rather homogeneous response. Raman imaging measurements highlighted strong Enhancement Factors across the sensing area, exceeding those of the pristine colloidal solution by almost two orders of magnitude. The intense plasmonic effect was further demonstrated by the spectroscopic recognition of a metal-catalyzed dimerization process triggered to completeness at the metal surface. The results presented herein demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed SERS sensor for hypersensitive mol. anal.

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Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate, is researched, Molecular AuCl4H7O3, CAS is 16961-25-4, about Targeting pancreatic cancer cells and stellate cells using designer nanotherapeutics in vitro, the main research direction is cetuximab gemcitabine gold nanoparticle pancreatic cancer stellate cell nanotherapeutics; PEGylation; drug delivery; gold nanoparticles; pancreatic cancer.Recommanded Product: 16961-25-4.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by a robust desmoplastic environment, which limits the uptake of the standard first-line chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine. Enhancing gemcitabine delivery to the complex tumor microenvironment (TME) is a major clin. challenge. Mol. crosstalk between pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs) and pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) plays a critical role in desmoplastic reaction in PCs. Herein, we report the development of a targeted drug delivery system to inhibit the proliferation of PCCs and PSCs in vitro. Using gold nanoparticles as the delivery vehicle, the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab (C225/C) as a targeting agent, gemcitabine as drug and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a stealth mol., we created a series of targeted drug delivery systems. Fabricated nanoconjugates were characterized by various physicochem. techniques such as UV-Visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, HPLC and instrumental neutron activation anal. (INAA). Targeted gemcitabine delivery systems containing mPEG-SH having mol. weights of 550 Da or 1000 Da demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing the viability of both PCCs and PSCs as compared to their non-targeted counterparts. EGFR-targeted pathway was further validated by pre-treating cells with C225 followed by determining cellular viability. Taken together, in our current study we have developed a PEGylated targeted nanoconjugate ACG44P1000 that showed enhanced selectivity towards pancreatic cancer cells and pancreatic stellate cells, among others, for gemcitabine delivery. We will investigate the ability of these optimized conjugates to inhibit desmoplasia and tumor growth in vivo in our future studies.

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Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Wang, Xiaojie; Xu, Dan; Jaquet, Bea; Yang, Yang; Wang, Jiaxiu; Huang, Heqin; Chen, Ye; Gerhard, Christoph; Zhang, Kai published the article 《Structural Colors by Synergistic Birefringence and Surface Plasmon Resonance》. Keywords: structural color synergistic birefringence surface plasmon resonance; birefringence; cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs); gold nanorods (GNRs); structural colors; surface plasmon resonance (SPR).They researched the compound: Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate( cas:16961-25-4 ).Computed Properties of AuCl4H7O3. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocyclic and fused heterocyclic. In addition, there is a lot of other information about this compound (cas:16961-25-4) here.

One-dimensional nanomaterials including cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and gold nanorods (GNRs) are widely used in optical materials due to their resp. inherent features: birefringence with accompanying light retardation and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Herein, we successfully combine these properties of both nanorods to generate synergistic and readily tunable structural colors in hybrid composite polymer films. CNCs and GNRs are embedded either in the same or in sep. films after unidirectional alignment in dynamic hydrogels. By synergistically leveraging CNCs and GNRs with diverse amounts in hybrid films or stacked sep. films, wide-ranging structural colors are obtained, far beyond those from films solely with aligned CNCs or GNRs. Higher GNR contents enhance light absorption at 520 nm with promoted magenta colors, while more CNCs affect the overall phase retardation with light absorption between 400 and 700 nm between crossed polarizers. Moreover, adjusting the angles between films solely with CNCs or GNRs via a stacking/rotating technique successively manipulates colors with flexible film combinations. By rotating the films with aligned GNRs (0-180°), light absorption can traverse from ~500 to 650 nm. Thus, tuning the adjustable synergism of birefringence of CNCs and SPR of GNRs provides great potential for structural colors, which enlightens inspirations for designing functional optical materials.

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Reference:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem