Category: imidazoles-derivatives

Fang, Fang; Guo, Chunfeng; Zheng, Weinan; Wang, Qin; Zhou, Limei published the artcile< Exosome-Mediated Transfer of miR-1323 from Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Confers Radioresistance of C33A Cells by Targeting PABPN1 and Activating Wnt/beta-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Cervical Cancer>, SDS of cas: 6823-69-4, the main research area is miR1323 PABPN1 Wnt beta catenin signaling cervical cancer; Cervical cancer; GSK-3β; IGF2BP1; PABPN1; Radioresistance; miR-1323.

Plenty of pieces of evidence suggest that the resistance to radiotherapy greatly influences the therapeutic effect in cervical cancer (CCa). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to regulate cellular processes by acting as tumor suppressors or promoters, thereby driving radioresistance or radiosensitivity. Meanwhile, it has been reported that microRNA-1323 (miR-1323) widely participates in cancer progression and radiotherapy effects. However, the role of miR-1323 is still not clear in CCa. Hence, in this study, we are going to investigate the mol. mechanism of miR-1323 in CCa cells. In the beginning, miR-1323 was found aberrantly upregulated in CCa cells via RT-qPCR assay. Functional assays indicated that miR-1323 was transferred by cancer-associated fibroblasts-secreted (CAFs-secreted) exosomes and miR-1323 downregulation suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and increased cell radiosensitivity in CCa. Mechanism assays demonstrated that miR-1323 targeted poly(A)-binding protein nuclear 1 (PABPN1). Besides, PABPN1 recruited insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) to regulate glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3B) and influenced Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, rescue experiments were implemented to validate that PABPN1 overexpression rescued the inhibited cancer development and radioresistance induced by the miR-1323 inhibitor. In conclusion, miR-1323 was involved in CCa progression and radioresistance which might provide a novel insight for CCa treatment.

Reproductive Sciences published new progress about CD9 antigens Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, SDS of cas: 6823-69-4.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Kumar, Ranjit; Kumar, Binod; Singh, S. P. published the artcile< Novel biotechnological method for production of ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae RK-16 exposed to aflatoxine>, Category: imidazoles-derivatives, the main research area is Saccharomyces aflatoxine ethanol temperature pH incubation period molasses.

Aflatoxins are poisonous carcinogens that are produced by certain molds which grow in soil, decaying vegetation, hay, and grains. The influence of chem. mutagen, i.e., aflatoxine on bioprodn. of Et alc. by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae RK-16 has been studied. It has been found that the chem. mutagen, i.e., aflatoxine at its molar concentration of 5.0 x 10-3M has stimulatory effect on biotechnol. method for production of ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae RK-16 and enhances the yield of ethanol to an extent of 8.256% higher in comparison to control fermenter flask, i.e., 5.45mL/100 mL while molar concentration of aflatoxine under trial at 6.0 x 10-3M and onwards inhibits and retards the bioprodn. of Et alc. The molar concentration of aflatoxine has been employed in between 1.0 x 10-3M to 10 x 10-3M and has been found that at initial concentration, i.e., 1.0 x 10-3M it is least effective and at higher concentrations it gives insignificant yield of Et alc. Exptl. parameters has been optimized viz.: 30°C temperature 4.5 pH, 65 h incubation period with 18.5% (w/v) molasses solution along with other nutritional ingredients required by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae RK-16.

Journal Chemtracks published new progress about Aflatoxins Role: BUU (Biological Use, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study), USES (Uses). 452-06-2 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C5H5N5, Category: imidazoles-derivatives.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Deng, Lu; Wang, Chang; He, Chao; Chen, Li published the artcile< Bone mesenchymal stem cells derived extracellular vesicles promote TRAIL-related apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via the delivery of microRNA-20a-3p>, Synthetic Route of 6823-69-4, the main research area is hepatocellular carcinoma bone mesenchymal stem cell TRAIL microRNA 20a3p; Hepatocellular carcinoma; TRAIL; bone mesenchymal stem cells; c-FLIP; extracellular vesicles; miR-20a-39.

Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been widely researched in cancer treatment, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study intended to discuss the mechanism of miR-20a-3p in BMSCs-extracellular vesicles (EVs) in HCC apoptosis. BMSCs were isolated and identified. EVs derived from BMSCs were extracted and identified. After overexpressing or inhibiting miR-20a-3p expression in BMSCs, EVs were extracted and acted on HCC cells and transplanted tumors. HCC cell apoptosis in the treatment of BMSCs-conditioned medium, BMSCs-EVs and/or miR-20a-3p mimic/inhibitor was evaluated, with the detection of levels of TRAIL and TRAIL-related proteins. A functional rescue experiment about c-FLIP was carried out in HCC cells. The target binding relationship between miR-20a-3p and c-FLIP was detected. The s.c. tumorigenesis model of mice was established and injected with BMSCs-EVs to estimate the effect of BMSCs-EVs-miR-20a-3p on HCC growth. EVs isolated from BMSCs conditioned medium promoted the apoptosis of HCC cells. After BMSCs-EVs treatment, TRAIL levels, downstream proteins and miR-20a-3p were increased significantly, but the expression of c-FLIP was decreased. miR-20a-3p could target c-FLIP. BMSCs-EVs inhibited the growth of HCC cells, decreased c-FLIP expression, increased TRAIL levels, and promote the of HCC cell apoptosis. BMSCs-EVs with overexpressing miR-20a-3p further enhanced the apoptotic effect of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. BMSCs-EVs-carried miR-20a-3p targets c-FLIP and increases TRAIL levels in HCC cells, thus promoting TRAIL-related apoptosis.

Cancer Biomarkers published new progress about Antigens, Thy-1 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Synthetic Route of 6823-69-4.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Barlin, Gordon B.; Batterham, Thomas J. published the artcile< The proton magnetic resonance spectra of some diazoles, triazoles, and tetrazoles>, Application of C4H5BrN2, the main research area is NMR AZOLES; TRIAZOLES NMR; DIAZOLES NMR; AZOLES NMR; TETRAZOLES NMR; PROTONATION METHYLIMIDAZOLES; IMIDAZOLES PROTONATION.

The N.M.R. spectra of various charged species from 33 azoles have been measured. In N-methyl-imidazoles and -1,2,4-triazoles the sites of protonation have been determined, and the cations appear to be stabilized by amidinium type resonance. Solvent effects are discussed. 27 references.

Journal of the Chemical Society [Section] B: Physical Organic published new progress about NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). 1003-21-0 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C4H5BrN2, Application of C4H5BrN2.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Rong, Yuluo; Ji, Chengyue; Wang, Zhuanghui; Ge, Xuhui; Wang, Jiaxing; Ye, Wu; Tang, Pengyu; Jiang, Dongdong; Fan, Jin; Yin, Guoyong; Liu, Wei; Cai, Weihua published the artcile< Small extracellular vesicles encapsulating CCL2 from activated astrocytes induce microglial activation and neuronal apoptosis after traumatic spinal cord injury>, Safety of p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride, the main research area is traumatic spinal cord injury CCL2 astrocyte microglia neuronal apoptosis; Astrocyte; CCL2; Microglia; Neuron; Small extracellular vesicles; Spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe traumatic disease which causes high disability and mortality rates. The mol. pathol. features after spinal cord injury mainly involve the inflammatory response, microglial and neuronal apoptosis, abnormal proliferation of astrocytes, and the formation of glial scars. However, the microenvironmental changes after spinal cord injury are complex, and the interactions between glial cells and nerve cells remain unclear. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) may play a key role in cell communication by transporting RNA, proteins, and bioactive lipids between cells. Few studies have examined the intercellular communication of astrocytes through sEVs after SCI. The inflammatory signal released from astrocytes is known to initiate microglial activation, but its effects on neurons after SCI remain to be further clarified. Electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking anal. (NTA), and western blotting were applied to characterize sEVs. We examined microglial activation and neuronal apoptosis mediated by astrocyte activation in an exptl. model of acute spinal cord injury and in cell culture in vitro. Our results indicated that astrocytes activated after spinal cord injury release CCL2, act on microglia and neuronal cells through the sEV pathway, and promote neuronal apoptosis and microglial activation after binding the CCR2. Subsequently, the activated microglia release IL-1β, which acts on neuronal cells, thereby further aggravating their apoptosis. This study elucidates that astrocytes interact with microglia and neurons through the sEV pathway after SCI, enriching the mechanism of CCL2 in neuroinflammation and spinal neurodegeneration, and providing a new theor. basis of CCL2 as a therapeutic target for SCI.

Journal of Neuroinflammation published new progress about Apoptosis. 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Safety of p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Su, Hong; Qiao, Jiao; Hu, Jinxiu; Li, Yanmei; Lin, Jiangong; Yu, Qun; Zhen, Junhui; Ma, Qiqi; Wang, Qianhui; Lv, Zhimei; Wang, Rong published the artcile< Podocyte-derived extracellular vesicles mediate renal proximal tubule cells dedifferentiation via microRNA-221 in diabetic nephropathy>, Synthetic Route of 6823-69-4, the main research area is microRNA221 vesicle renal proximal tubule signaling diabetic nephropathy; Dedifferentiation; Extracellular vesicles; Podocytes; Proximal tubular epithelial cells; Wnt/β-catenin signaling; miR-221.

Podocyte injury is a key event in the initiation of Diabetic nephropathy (DN). Tubulointerstitium, especially the proximal tubule has been regarded as a target of injury. In the present study, we showed that podocytes induced dedifferentiation of proximal tubular epithelial cells(PTECs) in high-glucose conditions and extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediates the interaction. Then we extracted and identified these EVs derived from podocytes as exosome, further, the EVs induced PTECs dedifferentiation. Total microRNA(miRNA) expression of podocyte-derived EVs was extracted and miR-221 expression was remarkably increased. By making use of the miRNA gain- and loss-of-function approaches, we observed that miR-221 mediated PTECs dedifferentiation. In addition, a dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-221 direct target DKK2, which was an inhibitor of Wnt signaling, and overexpression of miR-221 significantly resulted in β-catenin nuclear accumulation. Moreover, we regulated the expression of β-catenin and demonstrated that miR-221 in EVs mediated proximal tubule cells injury through Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-221 in diabetic mice reversed the abnormal expression of PTECs dedifferentiation related protein. These findings provide unique insights in the mechanisms of proximal tubule cell injury in diabetic nephropathy.

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology published new progress about 3′-Untranslated region Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Synthetic Route of 6823-69-4.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Guillen, Danielle; Schievelbein, Mika; Patel, Kushkumar; Jose, Davis; Ouellet, Jonathan published the artcile< A simple and affordable kinetic assay of nucleic acids with SYBR Gold gel staining>, Product Details of C5H5N5, the main research area is nucleic acid SYBR gold gel staining kinetic assay.

Labeling substrates or products are paramount in determining enzymic kinetic parameters. Several options are available; many laboratories use either radioactive or fluorescent labeling because of their high sensitivity. However, those methods have their own drawbacks such as half-life decay, expensive and hazardous. Here, we propose a novel, simple, economical and fast alternative to substrate labeling for studying the kinetics of nucleic acids: post-migration gel staining with SYBR Gold. Cleavage rates similar to the ones reported in the literature for the I-R3 DNA-cleaving DNA enzyme in the presence of zinc chloride are an indication of the quality of the new method. Moreover, the activity of the hammerhead ribozyme was also monitored by our method to illustrate its versatility. This labeling-free method has several advantages such as its ease of use as well as cost effective and versatility with both non-structured and structured RNAs or DNAs.

PLoS One published new progress about Biological staining. 452-06-2 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C5H5N5, Product Details of C5H5N5.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Cai, Long; Zhang, Ying; Hu, Gang; Guo, Yuanlong; Jin, Longming; Xu, Qinqin; Liu, Zhanpeng; Xie, Haibo published the artcile< A Single Step Fractionation of Lignocellulose in Aqueous Solutions of a Carboxylic Acid-Functionalized Ionic Liquid>, Safety of 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, the main research area is fractionation lignocellulose aqueous solution carboxylic acid functionalized ionic liquid.

This paper presents the features of corn stover pretreated under mild conditions in aqueous solution of a carboxylic acid functionalized ionic liquids 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (IL-COOH). The results revealed that such pretreatment selectively removed hemicelluloses in corn stover, resulting in cellulose- and lignin-rich pulps with moderate enzymic reactivity. The corn stover pretreated in 40 wt% IL-COOH at 120 °C for 4 h demonstrated increases in cellulose and lignin contents from 37.9% to 55.6%, and 21.1% to 26.5%, resp., while decrease in the content of hemicellulose from 24.4% to 9.34%. Subsequent enzymic hydrolysis of the pulps achieved from pretreatment in 50 wt% IL-COOH aqueous solution at 105 °C for 4 h produced 0.32 g.g-1 glucose and 0.45 g.g-1 total reducing sugars. The recyclability and reusability of IL-COOH in the pretreatment system was also investigated.

ChemistrySelect published new progress about Corn straw. 700370-07-6 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C6H9ClN2O2, Safety of 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Song, Honghong; Zhang, Jing; Song, Pengfei; Xiong, Yubing published the artcile< Maize-like ionic liquid@polyaniline nanocomposites for high performance supercapacitor>, Synthetic Route of 700370-07-6, the main research area is polyaniline nanocomposite ionic liquid supercapacitor tunable morphol.

In this study, ionic liquids (IL) containing carboxyl and different alkyl chains were fabricated and used to dope polyaniline (PANI). The results revealed that IL-PANI composites could be facilely obtained via template-free polymerization of aniline using ammonium persulfate as the oxidant. The as-prepared IL-PANI composites were measured by FT-IR, XPS, and SEM. Electrochem. performances of IL-PANI nanocomposites were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge. The results indicate that the alkyl chains of ILs have an important influence on the morphol. and capacitance performance of IL-PANI electrode materials. With the shorter alkyl group in ILs, IL-PANI materials presented higher specific capacitance. Especially, 1-vinyl-3-carboxymethyl-imidazolium chloride ([VCMIm]Cl)-PANI composite presented the highest specific capacitance. Cycling performance measurement demonstrated that 82% capacitance retention could be achieved after 1000 cycles in 0.5 M H2SO4 aqueous solution Therefore, our strategy provides a new technique for PANI nanocomposites with tunable morphol. and high performance.

e-Polymers published new progress about Binding energy. 700370-07-6 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C6H9ClN2O2, Synthetic Route of 700370-07-6.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Hu, Yibing; Yan, Chang; Mu, Lei; Huang, Kaiyu; Li, Xiaolan; Tao, Deding; Wu, Yaqun; Qin, Jichao published the artcile< Fibroblast-derived exosomes contribute to chemoresistance through priming cancer stem cells in colorectal cancer>, Name: p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride, the main research area is fibroblast exosome chemoresistance colorectal cancer stem cell.

Chemotherapy resistance observed in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) may be related to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), but the underlying mechanism(s) remain unclear. Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are intimately involved in tumor recurrence, and targeting them increases chemo-sensitivity. We investigated whether fibroblasts might increase CSCs thus mediating chemotherapy resistance. CSCs were isolated from either patient-derived xenografts or CRC cell lines based on expression of CD133. First, CSCs were found to be inherently resistant to cell death induced by chemotherapy. In addition, fibroblast-derived conditioned medium (CM) promoted percentage, clonogenicity and tumor growth of CSCs (i.e., CD133+ and TOP-GFP+) upon treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) or oxaliplatin (OXA). Further investigations exhibited that exosomes, isolated from CM, similarly took the above effects. Inhibition of exosome secretion decreased the percentage, clonogenicity and tumor growth of CSCs. Altogether, our findings suggest that, besides targeting CSCs, new therapeutic strategies blocking CAFs secretion even before chemotherapy shall be developed to gain better clin. benefits in advanced CRCs.

PLoS One published new progress about CD133 antigens Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Name: p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem