Tag: 100-200

Tang, Lipeng; Wei, Xingyan; Li, Tong; Chen, Yi; Dai, Zhenhua; Lu, Chuanjian; Zheng, Guangjuan published an article in 2021, the title of the article was Emerging perspectives of RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification on immunity and autoimmune diseases.SDS of cas: 443-72-1 And the article contains the following content:

A review. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, the addition of a methylation decoration at the position of N6 of adenosine, is one of the most prevalent modifications among the over 100 known chem. modifications of RNA. Numerous studies have recently characterized that RNA m6A modification functions as a critical post-transcriptional regulator of gene expression through modulating various aspects of RNA metabolism In this review, we will illustrate the current perspectives on the biol. process of m6A methylation. Then we will further summarize the vital modulatory effects of m6A modification on immunity, viral infection, and autoinflammatory disorders. Recent studies suggest that m6A decoration plays an important role in immunity, viral infection, and autoimmune diseases, thereby providing promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for viral infection and autoimmune disorders. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine(cas: 443-72-1).SDS of cas: 443-72-1

The Article related to review rna methyladenosine immunity autoimmune disease, n6-methyladenosine (m6a), adaptive immunity, autoimmune disease, innate immunity, viral infection, Immunochemistry: Reviews and other aspects.SDS of cas: 443-72-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Chao, Yinong; Li, Hua-Bing; Zhou, Jing published an article in 2021, the title of the article was Multiple functions of RNA methylation in T cells: a review.Reference of N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine And the article contains the following content:

A review. RNA modification represents one of the most ubiquitous mechanisms of epigenetic regulation and plays an essential role in modulating cell proliferation, differentiation, fate determine, and other biol. activities. At present, over 170 types of RNA modification have been discovered in mRNA (mRNA) and noncoding RNA (ncRNA). RNA methylation, as an abundant and widely studied epigenetic modification, is crucial for regulating various physiol. or pathol. states, espectaly immune responses. Considering the biol. significance of T cells as a defense against viral infection and tumor challenge, we will summarize recent findings of how RNA methylation regulates T cell homeostasis and function, discuss the open questions in this rapidly expanding field of RNA modification, and provide the theory basis and potential therapeutic strategies involving targeting of RNA methylation to orchestrate beneficial T cell immune responses. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine(cas: 443-72-1).Reference of N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine

The Article related to review rna methylation immune response, rna methylation, t cell, epigenetics, immune function, m6a, Immunochemistry: Reviews and other aspects.Reference of N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

On January 24, 1981, Barbin, Alain; Bartsch, Helmut; Leconte, Philippe; Radman, Miroslav published an article.Application of 55662-66-3 The title of the article was Studies on the miscoding properties of 1,N6-ethenoadenine and 3,N4-ethenocytosine, DNA reaction products of vinyl chloride metabolites, during in vitro DNA synthesis. And the article contained the following:

1-N6-Ethenoadenine (EA)(I) [13875-63-3] and 3,N4-ethenocytosine (EC) [55662-66-3] are formed when electrophilic vinyl chloride (VC) metabolites, chloroethylene oxide (CEO) [7763-77-1] or chloroacetaldehyde (CAA) [107-20-0] react with adenine [73-24-5] and cytosine [71-30-7] residues in DNA. They were assayed for their miscoding properties in an in vitro system using Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I and synthetic templates prepared by reaction of poly(dA) and poly(dC) with increasing concentrations of CEO or CAA. Following the introduction of etheno groups, an increasing inhibition of DNA synthesis was observed DGMP was misincorporated on CAA- or CEO-teated poly(dA) templates and dTMP was misincorporated on CAA- or CEO-treated poly(dC) templates, suggesting that EA and EC may miscode. The error rates augmented with the extent of reaction of CEO or CAA with the templates. The potentially miscoding properties of EA and EC may explain why metabolically-activated VC and its reactive metabolites specifically induce base-pair substitution mutations in Salmonella typhimurium. Promutagenic lesions may represent one of the initial steps in VC- or CEO-induced carcinogenesis. The experimental process involved the reaction of Imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidin-5(6H)-one(cas: 55662-66-3).Application of 55662-66-3

The Article related to vinyl chloride dna reaction product, ethenoadenine vinyl chloride dna, ethenocytosine vinyl chloride dna, carcinogen vinyl chloride dna, Toxicology: Carcinogens and other aspects.Application of 55662-66-3

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

On June 15, 2020, Gu, Jing; Xu, Jun; You, Qidong; Guo, Xiaoke published an article.Product Details of 443-72-1 The title of the article was Recent developments of small molecules targeting RNA m6A modulators. And the article contained the following:

A review. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal post-transcriptional modification in eukaryotic mRNA. The development of emerging technologies such as m6A-seq, has helped reveal the fundamental role of m6A-RNA in regulation of the mammalian transcriptome. With the identification and advances in the understanding of m6A modulators, the relationship between m6A and human diseases is gradually being revealed. This review summarizes recent progress in the understanding of the role of m6A modulators in human disease and their structural characteristics. We highlight the potential of small-mol. regulators targeting m6A associated proteins as tool mols. and disease treatment options from the medicinal chem. perspective. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine(cas: 443-72-1).Product Details of 443-72-1

The Article related to review n6 methyladenosine small mol regulators epigenetics, epigenetics, n(6)-methyladenosine, small-molecule regulators, Pharmacology: Reviews and other aspects.Product Details of 443-72-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

On December 31, 2003, Chen, Hauh-Jyun Candy; Hong, Chia-Liang; Wu, Chan-Fu; Chiu, Wei-Loong published an article.Reference of Imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidin-5(6H)-one The title of the article was Effect of cigarette smoking on urinary 3,N4-ethenocytosine levels measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. And the article contained the following:

Etheno DNA adducts are DNA damages derived from exogenous carcinogens as well as endogenous lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. Elevated levels of etheno DNA adducts were found in cancer-prone tissues and blood samples, suggesting that these promutagenic lesions correlate with risk of cancers. The authors previously reported the detection of 3,N4-ethenocytosine (εCyt) in the urine samples of 2 smokers using the isotope dilution gas chromatog./neg. ion chem. ionization/mass spectrometry (GC/NICI/MS) assay (Chen et al., 2001, Chem. Res. Toxicol. 14, 1612-1619). Since smokers are found to have elevated levels of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress, the authors examined the association between urinary εCyt levels with cigarette smoking. Among the 23 samples analyzed, the average concentration of urinary εCyt in smokers was significantly higher than that of nonsmokers, 2.65 ± 4.0 vs. 0.61 ± 0.90 ng/kg/g creatinine (p = 0.03). Albeit the number of subjects is limited, the results indicate that the measurement of εCyt in human urine may provide a useful noninvasive biomarker for oxidative DNA damage and cancer chemoprevention studies. The experimental process involved the reaction of Imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidin-5(6H)-one(cas: 55662-66-3).Reference of Imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidin-5(6H)-one

The Article related to ethenocytosine urine cigarette smoking biomarker oxidative stress, Toxicology: Tobacco and other aspects.Reference of Imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidin-5(6H)-one

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Wan, Liqi; Lam, Sik Lok; Lee, Hung Kay; Guo, Pei published an article in 2021, the title of the article was Effects of adenine methylation on the structure and thermodynamic stability of a DNA minidumbbell.Recommanded Product: 443-72-1 And the article contains the following content:

DNA methylation is a prevalent regulatory modification in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. N1-methyladenine (m1A) and N6-methyladenine (m6A) have been found to be capable of altering DNA structures via disturbing Watson-Crick base pairing. However, little has been known about their influences on non-B DNA structures, which are associated with genetic instabilities. In this work, we investigated the effects of m1A and m6A on both the structure and thermodn. stability of a newly reported DNA minidumbbell formed by two TTTA tetranucleotide repeats. As revealed by the results of NMR spectroscopic studies, both m1A and m6A favored the formation of a T·m1A and T·m6A Hoogsteen base pair, resp. More intriguingly, the m1A and m6A modifications brought about stabilization and destabilization effects on the DNA minidumbbell, resp. This work provides new biophys. insights into the effects of adenine methylation on the structure and thermodn. stability of DNA. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine(cas: 443-72-1).Recommanded Product: 443-72-1

The Article related to adenine methylation dna minidumbbell thermodn stability, dna methylation, dna minidumbbell, n1-methyladenine, n6-methyladenine, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Biochemical Methods: Biological and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 443-72-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

On March 31, 2021, Murphy, Manoharan; Theyagarajan, K.; Thenmozhi, Kathavarayan; Senthilkumar, Sellappan published an article.Safety of N-(3-Aminopropyl)-imidazole The title of the article was Direct electrochemistry of covalently immobilized hemoglobin on a naphthylimidazolium butyric acid ionic liquid/MWCNT matrix. And the article contained the following:

Monitoring the concentration levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is significant in both clin. and industrial applications. Herein, we develop a facile biosensor for the detection of H2O2 based on direct electron transfer of Hb (Hb), which was covalently immobilized on a hydrophobic naphthylimidazolium butyric acid ionic liquid (NIBA-IL) over a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to obtain an Hb/NIBA-IL/MWCNT/GCE. Highly water-soluble Hb protein was firmly immobilized on NIBA-IL via stable amide bonding between the free -NH2 groups of Hb and -COOH groups of NIBA-IL via EDC/NHS coupling. Thus fabricated biosensor showed a well resolved redox peak with a cathodic peak potential (Epc) at -0.35 V and anodic peak potential (Epa) at -0.29 V with a formal potential (E°’) of -0.32 V, which corresponds to the deeply buried FeIII/FeII redox center of Hb, thereby direct electrochem. of Hb was established. Further, the modified electrode demonstrated very good electrocatalytic activity towards H2O2 reduction and showed a wide linear range of detection from 0.01 to 6.3 mM with a limit of detection and sensitivity of 3.2μM and 111μA mM-1 cm-2, resp. Moreover, the developed biosensor displayed high operational stability under dynamic conditions as well as during continuous potential cycles and showed reliable reproducibility. The superior performance of the fabricated biosensor is attributed to the effective covalent immobilization of Hb on the newly developed highly conducting and biocompatible NIBA-IL/MWCNT/GCE platform. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-(3-Aminopropyl)-imidazole(cas: 5036-48-6).Safety of N-(3-Aminopropyl)-imidazole

The Article related to hydrogen peroxide naphthylimidazolium butyric acid mwcnt hb immobilization, biosensor, direct electrochemistry, hemoglobin, hydrogen peroxide, ionic liquid, Biochemical Methods: Electrical and other aspects.Safety of N-(3-Aminopropyl)-imidazole

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Zhang, Ying; Liu, Yan; Xu, Jian; Wang, Xiaoyu; Peng, Xinxin; Song, Jiangning; Yu, Dong-Jun published an article in 2021, the title of the article was Leveraging the attention mechanism to improve the identification of DNA N6-methyladenine sites.Formula: C6H7N5 And the article contains the following content:

DNA N6-methyladenine is an important type of DNA modification that plays important roles in multiple biol. processes. Despite the recent progress in developing DNA 6mA site prediction methods, several challenges remain to be addressed. For example, although the hand-crafted features are interpretable, they contain redundant information that may bias the model training and have a neg. impact on the trained model. Furthermore, although deep learning (DL)-based models can perform feature extraction and classification automatically, they lack the interpretability of the crucial features learned by those models. As such, considerable research efforts have been focused on achieving the trade-off between the interpretability and straight forwardness of DL neural networks. In this study, we develop two new DL-based models for improving the prediction of N6-methyladenine sites, termed LA6mA and AL6mA, which use bidirectional long short-term memory to resp. capture the long-range information and self-attention mechanism to extract the key position information from DNA sequences. The performance of the two proposed methods is benchmarked and evaluated on the two model organisms Arabidopsis thaliana and Drosophila melanogaster. On the two benchmark datasets, LA6mA achieves an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) value of 0.962 and 0.966, whereas AL6mA achieves an AUROC value of 0.945 and 0.941, resp. Moreover, an in-depth anal. of the attention matrix is conducted to interpret the important information, which is hidden in the sequence and relevant for 6mA site prediction. The two novel pipelines developed for DNA 6mA site prediction in this work will facilitate a better understanding of the underlying principle of DL-based DNA methylation site prediction and its future applications. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine(cas: 443-72-1).Formula: C6H7N5

The Article related to arabidopsis drosophila dna n6 methyladenine, 6ma, dna modification, lstm, attention interpretation, deep learning, self-attention mechanism, Biochemical Methods: Biological and other aspects.Formula: C6H7N5

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Li, Hao; Zhang, Ning; Wang, Yuechen; Xia, Siyuan; Zhu, Yating; Xing, Chen; Tian, Xuefeng; Du, Yinan published an article in 2022, the title of the article was DNA N6-methyladenine modification in eukaryotic genome.Name: N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine And the article contains the following content:

A review. DNA methylation is treated as an important epigenetic mark in various biol. activities. In the past, a large number of articles focused on 5 mC while lacking attention to N6-methyladenine (6 mA). The presence of 6 mA modification was previously discovered only in prokaryotes. Recently, with the development of detection technologies, 6 mA has been found in several eukaryotes, including protozoans, metazoans, plants, and fungi. The importance of 6 mA in prokaryotes and single-celled eukaryotes has been widely accepted. However, due to the incredibly low d. of 6 mA and restrictions on detection technologies, the prevalence of 6 mA and its role in biol. processes in eukaryotic organisms are highly debated. In this review, we first summarize the advantages and disadvantages of 6 mA detection methods. Then, we conclude existing reports on the prevalence of 6 mA in eukaryotic organisms. Next, we highlight possible methyltransferases, demethylases, and the recognition proteins of 6 mA. In addition, we summarize the functions of 6 mA in eukaryotes. Last but not least, we summarize our point of view and put forward the problems that need further research. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine(cas: 443-72-1).Name: N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine

The Article related to review dna methyladenine modification eukaryotic genome, dna modification, n6-methyladenine, epigenetics, eukaryotic genome, methylation, Mammalian Biochemistry: Reviews and other aspects.Name: N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Tsukiyama, Sho; Hasan, Mehedi Md; Deng, Hong-Wen; Kurata, Hiroyuki published an article in 2022, the title of the article was BERT6mA: prediction of DNA N6-methyladenine site using deep learning-based approaches.Recommanded Product: 443-72-1 And the article contains the following content:

N6-methyladenine (6mA) is associated with important roles in DNA replication, DNA repair, transcription, regulation of gene expression. Several exptl. methods were used to identify DNA modifications. However, these exptl. methods are costly and time-consuming. To detect the 6mA and complement these shortcomings of exptl. methods, we proposed a novel, deep leaning approach called BERT6mA. To compare the BERT6mA with other deep learning approaches, we used the benchmark datasets including 11 species. The BERT6mA presented the highest AUCs in eight species in independent tests. Furthermore, BERT6mA showed higher and comparable performance with the state-of-the-art models while the BERT6mA showed poor performances in a few species with a small sample size. To overcome this issue, pretraining and fine-tuning between two species were applied to the BERT6mA. The pretrained and fine-tuned models on specific species presented higher performances than other models even for the species with a small sample size. In addition to the prediction, we analyzed the attention weights generated by BERT6mA to reveal how the BERT6mA model extracts critical features responsible for the 6mA prediction. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-Methyl-7H-purin-6-amine(cas: 443-72-1).Recommanded Product: 443-72-1

The Article related to dna n6 methyladenine deep learning, 6ma modification prediction, bert, cnn, gru, lstm, word2vec, Biochemical Methods: Biological and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 443-72-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem