Tag: 100-200

Dissolution of Maize Starch in Aqueous Ionic Liquids: The Role of Alkyl Chain Length of Cation and Water:Ionic Liquid Ratio was written by Ren, Fei;Wang, Jinwei;Yu, Jinglin;Xiang, Fengjuan;Wang, Shuo;Wang, Shujun;Copeland, Les. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2019.Recommanded Product: 79917-89-8 This article mentions the following:

The dissolution behavior of maize starch in water:ionic liquid (IL) mixtures at ambient temperature (22-23 °C) was studied. The ionic liquids used were 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C₄ mim][Cl]), 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C₃ mim][Cl]), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C₂ mim][Cl]). Structural analyses indicated that long- and short-range mol. order in the starch decreased with decreasing water:IL ratio. At water:IL ratios of 10:1 and 5:1, the extent of disruption of starch structure followed the order [C₄ mim][Cl] > [C₃ mim][Cl] > [C₂ mim][Cl]. At lower water:IL ratio (2:1), the complete disruption of starch granule morphol. and ordered structures in water:[C₃ mim][Cl] and water:[C₂ mim][Cl] mixtures indicated these mixtures were more effective in dissolving starch than water:[C₄ mim]Cl mixture Results from rheol., FTIR, and ¹H NMR analyses of water:IL mixtures showed that as water:IL ratio decreased, the viscosity of solutions increased, the interaction between IL and water decreased, and the interaction between the cation and the anion increased. Stronger interaction between the IL and water and higher viscosity of water:IL mixtures were noted for cations with longer alkyl chains. Our results clearly showed that both the alkyl chain length of cations and water:IL ratio played key roles in the dissolution of starch, predominantly by affecting the interaction between ILs and water and viscosity of water:IL mixtures In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8Recommanded Product: 79917-89-8).

1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Chloride (cas: 79917-89-8) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. The pharmacophore of imidazole exists in bioactive compounds including amino acids, plant growth regulators and therapeutic agents.n increase of the alkyl chain length of the alcohols. Recommanded Product: 79917-89-8

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

β-Carotene: A green, inexpensive, and convenient solvatochromic probe for the determination of solvent polarizability was written by Loffredo, Carina;Pires, Paulo Augusto R.;Imran, Muhammad;El Seoud, Omar A.. And the article was included in Dyes and Pigments in 2013.Application of 21252-69-7 This article mentions the following:

Solvent polarizability has been previously determined by using the solvatochromic probe 3,20-di-tert-butyl-2,2,21,21-tetramethyl-3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19-docosanonaene whose synthesis involves 15 steps. We show here that the natural dye β-carotene, 1,1′-(3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-octadecanonaene-1,18-diyl)bis[2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexene], can be conveniently employed for the accurate determination of the same solvent property. This conclusion is based on both theor. calculations and exptl. data. The former includes free energies of solvation, and the wavenumber of the longest wavelength (i.e., the solvatochromic) transition. Both quantities for β-carotene correlate linearly with the corresponding values of the docosanonaene, with slopes and correlation coefficients of practically unity. The plot of exptl. calculated solvent polarizability of β-carotene vs. that of the docosanonaene was found to be linear for 68 solvents. Previously unknown solvent polarizability values are reported for eight ROCH₂CH₂OH (R = C₁ to C₁₀) and four 1-allyl-3-R-imidazolium chloride ionic liquids (R = C₆ to C₁₀). The dependence of solvent polarizability on the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chains of several classes of solvents is calculated, it shows the importance of van der Waals interactions in ionic liquids In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Octyl-1H-imidazole (cas: 21252-69-7Application of 21252-69-7).

1-Octyl-1H-imidazole (cas: 21252-69-7) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole derivatives generally have good solubility in protic solvents. Simple imidazole derivatives, such as 1H-imidazole, 2-methyl-1H-imidazole, and 1,2-dimethylimidazole, have very high solubility in water. Many drugs contain an imidazole ring, such as certain antifungal drugs, the nitroimidazole series of antibiotics, and the sedative midazolam.Application of 21252-69-7

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Diversity-Oriented Synthesis toward Aryl- and Phosphoryl-Functionalized Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines was written by Gernet, Aurelie;Sevrain, Nicolas;Volle, Jean-Noel;Ayad, Tahar;Pirat, Jean-Luc;Virieux, David. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2020.Recommanded Product: 69214-09-1 This article mentions the following:

We report herein an efficient synthesis of diversely polysubstituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines, a family of aza-heterocycles endowed with numerous biol. properties, through a sequence involving two consecutive palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. First, we demonstrated that a Hirao coupling occurred straightforwardly in high yields at positions 3, 5, and 6 of imidazopyridine derivatives, giving access to a wide variety of substituted phosphonates, phosphinates, and phosphine oxides. In a second step, direct CH-arylation of phosphorylimidazopyridines with aryl halides was found to be effective and fully selective, leading to 3-aryl-substituted imidazopyridines in moderate to high yields depending on steric hindrance. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (cas: 69214-09-1Recommanded Product: 69214-09-1).

5-Bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (cas: 69214-09-1) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole derivatives generally have good solubility in protic solvents. Simple imidazole derivatives, such as 1H-imidazole, 2-methyl-1H-imidazole, and 1,2-dimethylimidazole, have very high solubility in water. Imidazole also acts as a microtubule destabilizing agents and inhibits topoisomerase and Cytochrome P450 Family 26 Subfamily A Member 1 (CYP26A1) enzymes.Recommanded Product: 69214-09-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

A substituent- and temperature-controllable NHC-derived zwitterionic catalyst enables CO₂ upgrading for high-efficiency construction of formamides and benzimidazoles was written by Yu, Zhaozhuo;Li, Zhengyi;Zhang, Lilong;Zhu, Kaixun;Wu, Hongguo;Li, Hu;Yang, Song. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2021.Recommanded Product: 1-Methylbenzimidazole This article mentions the following:

Chemocatalytic upgrading of the greenhouse gas CO₂ to valuable chems. and biofuels has attracted broad attention in recent years. Among the reported approaches, N-formylation of CO₂ with an amine is of great significance due to its versatility in the construction of N-containing linear and cyclic skeletons. Herein, a stable N-heterocyclic carbene-carboxyl adduct (NHC-CO₂) was facilely prepared and could be used as a recyclable zwitterionic catalyst for efficient CO₂ reductive upgrading via either N-formylation or further coupling with cyclization under mild conditions (25°C, 1 atm CO₂) using hydrosilane as a hydrogen source. More than 30 different alkyl and aromatic amines could be transformed into the corresponding formamides or benzimidazoles with remarkable yields (74%-98%). The electronic effect of the introduced substituent on NHC-CO₂ was found to evidently affect the thermostability and nucleophilicity of the zwitterionic catalyst, which is directly correlated with its catalytic activity. Moreover, NHC-CO₂ could supply CO₂ by in situ decarboxylation at a specific temperature that is dependent on the introduced substituent type. Exptl. and computational studies showed that the carboxyl species on NHC-CO₂ was not only a nucleophilic center, but also a C1 source which rapidly captures or substitutes ambient CO₂ during hydrosilylation. In addition, a simple and green conceptual process was designed for the product purification and catalyst recycling, with a good feasibility for small-scale production In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methylbenzimidazole (cas: 1632-83-3Recommanded Product: 1-Methylbenzimidazole).

1-Methylbenzimidazole (cas: 1632-83-3) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. The pharmacophore of imidazole exists in bioactive compounds including amino acids, plant growth regulators and therapeutic agents.n increase of the alkyl chain length of the alcohols. Recommanded Product: 1-Methylbenzimidazole

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Strong proton-shared hydrogen bonding in a methyl imidazole···HCl complex: evidence from matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy and ab initio computations was written by Sarkar, Shubhra;Sruthi, P. K.;Ramanathan, N.;Sundararajan, K.. And the article was included in New Journal of Chemistry in 2020.Recommanded Product: 3034-41-1 This article mentions the following:

Me imidazole (M-Imid)···HCl (1 : 1) complexes were studied using matrix isolation IR spectroscopy and ab initio computations. Computations using the MP2 level of theory with the aug-cc-pVDZ basis set predicted three complexes, where the global min. had a strong hydrogen-bonded N···H···Cl interaction with a binding energy of ~12 kcal mol^-1 (complex A). The first local min. had an H···π interaction (complex B) and the second local min. (complex C) was stabilized through combined hydrogen, halogen and pnicogen bonding (with a nitrogen atom as the pnicogen) interactions. Of the three complexes, the hydrogen-bonded complex A alone possesses exptl. significance. Experiments were performed by co-depositing M-Imid and HCl sep. in an N₂ matrix at a low temperature of ~12 K. The annealing of the low temperature matrix encouraged the formation of M-Imid-HCl complex A, which was subsequently probed using IR spectroscopy. Exptl., the vibrational shift of ~1720 cm_-1 was observed for the N₂ matrix, while harmonic frequency calculations indicated a shift of 1063 cm-1 in the H-Cl stretching region of the strong hydrogen-bonded complex A. The inclusion of anharmonicity in the calculations red-shifted the H-Cl stretching frequency further down to 1650 cm^-1, which was almost close to the exptl. value. It is inferred from this large exptl. red-shift of the stretching frequency of the proton donor that proton-shared hydrogen bonding is facilitated in the M-Imid-HCl system exptl. Using atoms in mols., energy decomposition and natural bond orbital analyses, the uniqueness of this strong proton-shared hydrogen bonding is established with respect to conventional hydrogen bonding. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-4-nitroimidazole (cas: 3034-41-1Recommanded Product: 3034-41-1).

1-Methyl-4-nitroimidazole (cas: 3034-41-1) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole has become an important synthon in the development of new drugs. Many drugs contain an imidazole ring, such as certain antifungal drugs, the nitroimidazole series of antibiotics, and the sedative midazolam.Recommanded Product: 3034-41-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Mass spectral behavior of 5(6)-substituted benzimidazoles was written by Mathias, L. J.;Overberger, C. G.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1978.Electric Literature of C8H8N2 This article mentions the following:

Three general classes of 5(6)-substituted benzimidazoles were compared according to common or similar fragmentation pathways in the mass spectrometer. The 5(6)-alkyl derivatives fragment through a common intermediate of m/e 131, which possess a ring-expanded structure resembling that of 1,3-diazaazulene. Competitive pathways exist for loss of the 2 C atom and carbocyclic ring C atoms with HCN or CN• fragments. The 2nd general group of derivatives fragments by complete loss of the 5(6) substituent (NO₂, Cl, CO₂H, COMe) to give a common ion of m/e 117. The similar behavior of several 5(6)-alkenylbenzimidazoles implies fragmentation through a common m/e 143 ion which may result from a ring-expansion process similar to that of styrene. ¹³C-labeled compounds are used for common ion identification in all cases. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6Electric Literature of C8H8N2).

7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. 1H-imidazole is an imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. It is a conjugate base of an imidazolium cation. It is a conjugate acid of an imidazolide. It is a tautomer of a 4H-imidazole. Imidazole derivatives have antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer functionality. It interacts with DNA and also binds to protein and stops cell division.Electric Literature of C8H8N2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents as effective electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cells was written by Nguyen, De;Van Huynh, Tuan;Nguyen, Vinh Son;Doan Cao, Phuong-Lien;Nguyen, Hai Truong;Wei, Tzu-Chien;Tran, Phuong Hoang;Nguyen, Phuong Tuyet. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2021.COA of Formula: C8H8N2 This article mentions the following:

Electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cells remain a challenge for large-scale production and commercialization, hindering the wide application of solar cells. We have developed two new electrolyte-based deep eutectic solvents using a mixture of choline chloride with urea and with ethylene glycol for dye-sensitized solar cells. The prominent features of the two deep eutectic solvent electrolytes are simple preparation for large-scale production with inexpensive, available, and nontoxic starting materials and biodegradability. The solar cell devices proceeded in a safe manner as the two deep eutectic solvents afforded low-cost technol. and comparative conversion efficiency to a popular ionic liquid, namely 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetracyanoborate. Results showed that devices with choline chloride and urea electrolyte exhibited improved open circuit voltage values (V_OC), while the ones with choline chloride and ethylene glycol showed an increase in the short circuit current (I_sc). Characterization of the devices by electrochem. impedance spectroscopy helped explain the effects of their mol. structures on the enhancement of either V_OC or Isc values. These new solvents expand the electrolyte choices for designing dye-sensitized solar cells, especially for the purpose of using low-cost and eco-friendly materials for massive production In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methylbenzimidazole (cas: 1632-83-3COA of Formula: C8H8N2).

1-Methylbenzimidazole (cas: 1632-83-3) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is the basic core of some natural products such as histidine, purine, histamine and DNA based structures, etc. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole is incorporated into many important biological compounds. The most pervasive is the amino acid histidine, which has an imidazole side-chain. Histidine is present in many proteins and enzymes, e.g. by binding metal cofactors, as seen in hemoglobin.COA of Formula: C8H8N2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Light-driven enantioselective synthesis of pyrroline derivatives by a radical/polar cascade reaction was written by Rodriguez, Ricardo I.;Mollari, Leonardo;Aleman, Jose. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 85692-37-1 This article mentions the following:

Herein, a light-driven, atom-economical process that provides access to enantiomerically enriched substituted chiral 1-pyrroline derivatives is introduced. The strategy involves the distal functionalization of acyl heterocycles through a hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) process and the use of tailor-made ketimines as reliable electrophilic partners. This transformation is translated into an enantiomerically controlled radical/polar cascade reaction in which water is produced as the sole byproduct and stereoselectivity is dictated by coordination to a chiral-at-rhodium catalyst. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 85692-37-1HPLC of Formula: 85692-37-1).

1-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 85692-37-1) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is the basic core of some natural products such as histidine, purine, histamine and DNA based structures, etc. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole has been usedin the lysis, wash and elution buffer for the purification of histidine tagged Sonic Hedgehog(shh-N) protein, in elution buffer in stepwise gradient for the purification of histidine tagged aldo keto reductases using nickel affinity chromatography, as a component of homogenization buffer for the purification of phagosomal compartments from dendritic cells.HPLC of Formula: 85692-37-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Catalytic asymmetric cyclopropanation of sulfoxonium ylides catalyzed by a chiral-at-metal rhodium complex was written by Ming, Siliang;Yang, Jian;Wu, Shi;Yao, Gang;Xiong, Hongwei;Du, Yu;Gong, Jun. And the article was included in Organic Chemistry Frontiers in 2022.SDS of cas: 85692-37-1 This article mentions the following:

An efficient asym. cyclopropanation of sulfoxonium ylides RC(O)CH:S(O)Me₂ (R = Ph, 2-thienyl, 2-naphthyl, etc.) with α,β-unsaturated 2-acyl imidazoles I (R¹ = Ph, 2-furyl, 2-naphthyl, etc.; R² = Me, Ph, i-Pr) catalyzed by a chiral-at-metal rhodium complex has been developed. The enantioenriched cyclopropane derivatives II bearing three contiguous tertiary stereocenters were obtained in generally high yields (up to 98%) with excellent stereoselectivities (up to > 20:1 dr, > 99% ee). Remarkably, as low as 0.1 mol% of the chiral Rh(III) complex can catalyze a scale-up reaction with excellent yield and enantioselectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 85692-37-1SDS of cas: 85692-37-1).

1-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 85692-37-1) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3–C6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a This ring system is present in important biological building blocks, such as histidine and the related hormone histamine.SDS of cas: 85692-37-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Solid Phase Synthesis of Polyamides Containing Imidazole and Pyrrole Amino Acids was written by Baird, Eldon E.;Dervan, Peter B.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1996.Application In Synthesis of Ethyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

The solid phase synthesis of sequence specific DNA binding polyamides containing N-methylimidazole (Im) and N-methylpyrrole (Py) amino acids is described. Two monomer building blocks, Boc-Py-OBt ester and Boc-Im acid, are prepared on a 50 g scale without column chromatog. Using com. available Boc-β-alanine-Pam resin, cycling protocols were optimized to afford high stepwise coupling yields (>99%). Deprotection by aminolysis affords up to 100 mg quantities of polyamide. Solid phase methodol. increases both the number and complexity of minor groove binding polyamides which can be synthesized and analyzed with regard to DNA binding affinity and sequence specificity. The solid phase synthesis of a representative eight-residue polyamide is reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate (cas: 109012-23-9Application In Synthesis of Ethyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate).

Ethyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate (cas: 109012-23-9) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3–C6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a The pharmacophore of imidazole exists in bioactive compounds including amino acids, plant growth regulators and therapeutic agents.n increase of the alkyl chain length of the alcohols. Application In Synthesis of Ethyl 1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem