Tag: 200-300

On July 31, 2009, Rohrbach, Helene; Korpivaara, Toni; Schatzmann, Urs; Spadavecchia, Claudia published an article.HPLC of Formula: 65896-14-2 The title of the article was Comparison of the effects of the alpha-2 agonists detomidine, romifidine and xylazine on nociceptive withdrawal reflex and temporal summation in horses. And the article contained the following:

To evaluate and compare the antinociceptive effects of the three alpha-2 agonists, detomidine, romifidine and xylazine at doses considered equipotent for sedation, using the nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) and temporal summation model in standing horses. Prospective, blinded, randomized crossover study. Ten healthy adult horses weighing 527-645 kg and aged 11-21 years old. Elec. stimulation was applied to the digital nerves to evoke NWR and temporal summation in the left thoracic limb and pelvic limb of each horse. Electromyog. reflex activity was recorded from the common digital extensor and the cranial tibial muscles. After baseline measurements a single bolus dose of detomidine, 0.02 mg/kg-1, romifidine 0.08 mg/kg-1, or xylazine, 1 mg/kg-1, was administered i.v. Determinations of NWR and temporal summation thresholds were repeated at 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 70, 90, 100, 120, and 130 min after test-drug administration alternating the thoracic limb and the pelvic limb. Depth of sedation was assessed before measurements at each time point. Behavioral reaction was observed and recorded following each stimulation. The administration of detomidine, romifidine and xylazine significantly increased the current intensities necessary to evoke NWR and temporal summation in thoracic limbs and pelvic limbs of all horses compared with baseline. Xylazine increased NWR thresholds over baseline values for 60 min, while detomidine and romifidine increased NWR thresholds over baseline for 100 and 120 min, resp. Temporal summation thresholds were significantly increased for 40.70 and 130 min after xylazine, detomidine and romifidine, resp. Detomidine, romifidine and xylazine, administered i.v. at doses considered equipotent for sedation, significantly increased NWR and temporal summation thresholds, used as a measure of antinociceptive activity. The extent of maximal increase of NWR and temporal summation thresholds was comparable, while the duration of action was drug-specific. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-(2-Bromo-6-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine hydrochloride(cas: 65896-14-2).HPLC of Formula: 65896-14-2

The Article related to alpha 2 agonist domosedan sedivet rompun antinociceptive sedative horse, Pharmacology: Effects Of Nervous System- and Behavior-Affecting Drugs and Neuromuscular Agents and other aspects.HPLC of Formula: 65896-14-2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

On June 30, 2003, Bienert, A.; Bartmann, C. P.; Von Oppen, T.; Poppe, C.; Schiemann, V.; Deegen, E. published an article.COA of Formula: C9H10BrClFN3 The title of the article was Recovery phase of horses after inhalant anesthesia with isofluorane (Isoflo) and postanaesthetic sedation with romifidine (Sedivet) or xylazine (Rompun). And the article contained the following:

Isofluorane is a modern, only slightly depressive inhalation anesthetic with excellent pharmacol. characteristics in use in equine medicine. In contrast to halothane, isofluorane is hardly broken down in the liver, but is eliminated by the lung. Its low solubility in blood permits excellent control of anesthesia. However, due to its swift elimination from the organism there is heightened risk of premature recovery from isofluorane anesthesia. In this study the recovery phases of 96 horses were monitored for its duration and the animals’ phys. coordination. The horses were divided into 4 groups. Two groups were sedated with xylazine, 1 of which received postanesthetic sedation with xylazine, the other saline solution only. The other 2 groups were sedated with romifidine, either with or without postanesthetic sedation after general anesthesia. In this study the horses of Group 4, sedated with 0.02 mg/kg BW romifidine at the moment of extubation, showed the best recovery phase. The number of attempts to arise was reduced and coordination was better. Similar results were obtained by postanesthetic sedation with 0.2 mg/kg BW xylazine (Group 2). Premedication with 0.08 mg/kg BW romifidine without postanesthetic sedation (Group 3) could be carried out at mean duration of anesthesia of 85 min with no neg. effects observed during the recovery period. Premedication with xylazine without postanesthetic sedation (Group 1) is not to be recommended, as the number of attempts to stand up was significantly higher and coordination was either weak or significantly poorer than in the other 3 groups. The results of this study show that post-anesthetic sedation of horses with an 伪2-adrenoceptor agonist can improve the recovery phase after inhalant anesthesia with isofluorance in regard to the number of attempts to arise and the animals phys. coordination. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-(2-Bromo-6-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine hydrochloride(cas: 65896-14-2).COA of Formula: C9H10BrClFN3

The Article related to isofluorane romifidine xylazine anesthesia sedation horse recovery, Pharmacology: Effects Of Nervous System- and Behavior-Affecting Drugs and Neuromuscular Agents and other aspects.COA of Formula: C9H10BrClFN3

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

On January 31, 2012, Ringer, Simone K.; Portier, Karine G.; Fourel, Isabelle; Bettschart-Wolfensberger, Regula published an article.Category: imidazoles-derivatives The title of the article was Development of a romifidine constant rate infusion with or without butorphanol for standing sedation of horses. And the article contained the following:

Objective To determine constant rate infusion (CRI) protocols for romifidine (R) and romifidine combined with butorphanol (RB) resulting in constant sedation and romifidine plasma concentrations Study design Blinded randomized crossover study. Animals Ten adult research horses. Methods Part I: After determining normal height of head above ground (HHAG = 100%), loading doses of romifidine (80 渭g kg-1) with butorphanol (RB: 18 渭g kg-1) or saline (R) were given i.v. (IV). Immediately afterwards, a butorphanol (RB: 25 渭g kg-1 hour-1) or saline (R) CRI was administered for 2 h. The HHAG was used as marker of sedation depth. Sedation was maintained for 2 h by addnl. romifidine (20 渭g kg-1) whenever HHAG > 50%. The dose rate of romifidine (渭g kg-1 hour-1) required to maintain sedation was calculated for both treatments. Part II: After loading doses, the romifidine CRIs derived from part I were administered in parallel to butorphanol (RB) or saline (R). Sedation and ataxia were evaluated periodically. Romifidine plasma concentrations were measured by HPLC-MS-MS at 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 105, and 120 min. Data were analyzed using paired t-test, Fisher’s exact test. Wilcoxon signed rank test, and two-way ANOVA for repeated measures (p < 0.05). Results There was no significant difference in romifidine requirements (R: 30; RB: 29 渭g kg-1 hour-1). CRI protocols leading to constant sedation were developed. Time to first addnl. romifidine bolus was significantly longer in RB (mean 卤 SD, R: 38.5 卤 13.6; RB: 50.5 卤 11.7 min). Constant plasma concentrations of romifidine were achieved during the second hour of CRI. Ataxia was greater when butorphanol was added. Conclusion Romifidine bolus, followed by CRI, provided constant sedation assessed by HHAG. Butorphanol was ineffective in reducing romifidine requirements in unstimulated horses, but prolonged the sedation caused by the initial romifidine bolus. Clin. relevance Both protocols need to be tested under clin. conditions. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-(2-Bromo-6-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine hydrochloride(cas: 65896-14-2).Category: imidazoles-derivatives

The Article related to sedative sedivet constant rate infusion morphasol sedation horse, Pharmacology: Effects Of Nervous System- and Behavior-Affecting Drugs and Neuromuscular Agents and other aspects.Category: imidazoles-derivatives

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Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

El-Kammar, M. H.; Gad, S. B.; Korittum, A. S. published an article in 2014, the title of the article was Evaluation of the sedative, analgesic, physiological and haematological effects of intravenous detomidine, detomidine-butorphanol, romifidine and romifidine-butorphanol in Baladi goats.Formula: C9H10BrClFN3 And the article contains the following content:

The present study was aimed to clarify and determine the sedative and analgesic effects of i.v. injection of detomidine, detomidine-butrophanol, romifidine and romifidine-butorphanol in Egyptian Baladi goats and to evaluate the most efficient treatment regimen for induction of sedation and analgesia with the least adverse effects on clinicophysiol. and hematol. parameters. Six baladi goats, three males and three females weighing 25-35 kg were studied in prospective randomized exptl. anesthetic trial. Four i.v. treatments of detomidine, detomidine-butorphanol, romifidine and romifidine-butorphanol were administered to each goat using: 0.04 mg/kg body weight detomidine, 0.04 mg/kg body weight detomidine plus 0.03 mg/kg body weight butorphanol, 0.05 mg/kg body weight romifidine and 0.03 mg/kg body weight romifidine plus 0.05 mg/kg body weight butorphanol. The pulse rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, sedation, analgesia, ataxia, Hb, packed cell volume percentage, differential leukocytic count, serum glucose, creatinine, urea, Aspartate aminotransferase and Alanine aminotransferase were evaluated. Marked sedation and complete analgesia was observed after detomidine-butorphanol and romifidine-butorphanol injections. Frequent urination and obvious watery salivation with tympany were observed in all treated goats. A significant reduction in pulse rate was observed in all goats compared to baseline value (p<0.05). Changes in clinicophysiol. and haematol. parameters were transient with no obvious systemic effects. I.v. injection of 0.04 mg/kg body weight detomidine combined with 0.03 mg/kg body weight butorphanol or i.v. injection of 0.05 mg/kg body weight romifidine combined with 0.03 mg/kg body weight butorphanol showed a prolonged marked sedation and complete analgesia in Baladi goats than i.v. injection of detomidine or romifidine alone. The combination of butorphanol with detomidine or romifidine was induced bradycardia, which within acceptable value. The adverse effects on clinicophysiol. and haematol. values were mild, transient and within the physiol. limits. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-(2-Bromo-6-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine hydrochloride(cas: 65896-14-2).Formula: C9H10BrClFN3

The Article related to domosedan torbugesic sedivet sedative analgesic agent goat, Pharmacology: Effects Of Nervous System- and Behavior-Affecting Drugs and Neuromuscular Agents and other aspects.Formula: C9H10BrClFN3

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

On June 30, 2013, Lopez-Sanroman, F. Javier; Holmbak-Petersen, Ronald; Varela, Marta; del Alamo, Ana M.; Santiago, Isabel published an article.HPLC of Formula: 65896-14-2 The title of the article was Accelerometric comparison of the locomotor pattern of horses sedated with xylazine hydrochloride, detomidine hydrochloride, or romifidine hydrochloride. And the article contained the following:

Objective: To evaluate the duration of effects on movement patterns of horses after sedation with equipotent doses of xylazine hydrochloride, detomidine hydrochloride, or romifidine hydrochloride and determine whether accelerometry can be used to quantify differences among drug treatments. Animals: 6 healthy horses. Procedures-Each horse was injected IV with saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (10 mL), xylazine diluted in saline solution (0.5 mg/kg), detomidine diluted in saline solution (0.01 mg/kg), or romifidine diluted in saline solution (0.04 mg/kg) in random order. A triaxial accelerometric device was used for gait assessment 15 min before and 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 min after each treatment. Eight variables were calculated, including speed, stride frequency, stride length, regularity, dorsoventral power, propulsive power, mediolateral power, and total power; the force of acceleration and 3 components of power were then calculated Results: Significant differences were evident in stride frequency and regularity between treatments with saline solution and each 伪2-adrenoceptor agonist drug; in speed, dorsoventral power, propulsive power, total power, and force values between treatments with saline solution and detomidine or romifidine; and in mediolateral power between treatments with saline solution and detomidine. Stride length did not differ among treatments. Conclusions and Clin. Relevance: Accelerometric evaluation of horses administered 伪2-adrenoceptor agonist drugs revealed more prolonged sedative effects of romifidine, compared with effects of xylazine or detomidine. Accelerometry could be useful in assessing the effects of other sedatives and analgesics. Accelerometric data may be helpful in drug selection for situations in which a horse’s balance and coordination are important. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-(2-Bromo-6-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine hydrochloride(cas: 65896-14-2).HPLC of Formula: 65896-14-2

The Article related to locomotion sedative xilagesic detogesic sedivet horse, Pharmacology: Effects Of Nervous System- and Behavior-Affecting Drugs and Neuromuscular Agents and other aspects.HPLC of Formula: 65896-14-2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

On February 28, 2007, De Lucas, J. J.; Rodriguez, C.; Marin, M.; Gonzalez, F.; Ballesteros, C.; San Andres, M. I. published an article.Formula: C9H10BrClFN3 The title of the article was Pharmacokinetics of intramuscular ketamine in young ostriches premedicated with romifidine. And the article contained the following:

Ketamine is a short-acting dissociative anesthetic for chem. restraint and surgical anesthesia in domestic and non-domestic animals. The present study was designed to determine the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of ketamine (10 mg/kg) after i.m. administration to young ostriches premedicated with romifidine. Ketamine was rapidly absorbed after i.m. administration. Maximal ketamine concentration (Cmax) of 2.93 卤 0.61 渭g/mL was reached at 12.5 卤 2.50 min and thereafter ketamine concentrations decreased rapidly. The elimination half-life (t1/2z) obtained was 62.37 卤 17.37 min and mean residence time (MRT) was 77.33 卤 19.12 min. The area under the curve (AUC) was 114.19 卤 15.76 渭g/min/mL. Effective chem. immobilization is often necessary in ratites to allow their safe handling. Ketamine is a short-acting dissociative anesthetic that can be used in combination with alpha-2 agonists. In previous studies, some drugs have showed important differences in pharmacol. behavior between ostriches and other avian and mammalian species; however, the pharmacokinetic behavior of ketamine in this species is unknown. For these reasons, the present study was designed to determine the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of ketamine after i.m. administration to young ostriches. Four healthy ostriches (4 mo old and weighing 25-30 kg) obtained from a breeding farm were used in this study. No antibiotics or antihelmintics were administered for at least 2 mo prior to the start of the study. The study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. All ostriches received 80 渭g/kg i.v. romifidine in the medial brachial vein (Sedivet 1%; Boehringer Ingelheim, Barcelona, Spain) and after 5 min they received 10 mg/kg ketamine injectable solution (Imalgene 1000; Merial. S.A., Barcelona, Spain) injected in the dorsal muscles of the pelvic region, corresponding to the iliotrochanterici and iliofemoralis muscles. During the experiment, each bird was closely observed Blood samples (1 mL) were collected from contralateral brachial veins with a 20-gauge needle attached to a 2-mL heparinized syringe at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 240 min after administration. Plasma was separated immediately in a refrigerated centrifuge and frozen at -20掳 until analyzed. The plasma concentrations of ketamine were measured by a high-performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC) method based on Geisslinger and Menzel-Soglowek (1991). Ketamine used for the preparation of calibration standards was supplied by Parke-Davis S.A. (Batch: AE18487). The anal. recovery was 89.0 卤 4.2%. The quantification limit of the assay method was 20 ng/mL and the standard curve was linear up to 10 渭g/mL. The intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were <6%. Data were expressed as arithmetic mean 卤 SD. Pharmacokinetic parameters for each animal after i.m. administration were determined by means of non-compartmental anal. (using PCNONLIN 4.0 program; Statistical Consultants, Inc., Lexington, KY, USA). Pharmacokinetic anal. of the concentration-time data was carried out using the non-compartmental method based on statistical moments theory. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule using concentration-time data from time 0 till the last measured concentration The observed plasma peak (Cmax) and time of Cmax (tmax) are reported. The reported effects and the doses recommended of 伪2-agonist and ketamine combinations in ostriches vary between different studies and also differ between adults and young birds. Currently, the doses described for ketamine in adult ostriches oscillate among 3-7 mg/kg and a combination with 伪2-agonist is indicated. However, there is limited information about the use of ketamine in young ostriches. A higher dose of ketamine by i.m. route in chicks and subadult ostriches than in adult birds is recommended by Burroughs (1996) (8-10 mg/kg of ketamine and 0.5-1 mg/kg of xylazine) and Jensen et al. (1994) (allometric scaled dosage: 21 mg/kg of ketamine and 4.5 mg/kg of xylazine). More recently, Paul-Murphy and Fialkkowski (2001) described a rapid induction in chicks (9-10 wk) using 5.0 mg/kg of ketamine and 1.0 mg/kg of xylazine, after i.v. administration. This difference in dosage requirements between age may be due to smaller size and high metabolic rate in young birds, excitable behavior, and/or age-related differences in the pharmacokinetic behavior of the drug. In the study, the ketamine dosage used (10 mg/kg) is in agreement with Burroughs (1996); however, the selected romifidine dose (0.080 mg/kg) was lower than that described for xylazine. These dosages reflect differences in the potency, because romifidine is reported to be more potent than xylazine. Hence, a lower dose of romifidine than xylazine must be used. The sedative efficacy of romifidine in avian species is unknown and there are no reports about its relative potency, for this reason, this dose was extrapolated from mammalian species. The mean 卤 SD plasma concentration vs. time curve after i.m. administration of ketamine in the ratites are shown in Fig. 1 and pharmacokinetic parameters obtained are presented in Table 1. Ketamine was rapidly absorbed after i.m. administration. A maximal concentration of 2.93 渭g/mL was reached at 12.5 min and thereafter, ketamine concentrations decreased rapidly similar to the situation in mammals after i.v. administration. In spite of the fact that the elimination of some drugs in ratites seems faster than that in other mammalian and avian species, the elimination half-life value obtained in this work (t1/2z, 62.37 min) was close to that described after ketamine i.m. administration in cats (t1/2尾, 67.8 min) or after i.v. administration in calves (t1/2尾, 54.2-58.6 min) and in horses (t1/2尾, 65.84 min), all premedicated with xylazine. In mammals, ketamine is rapidly biotransformed by hepatic N-demethylation to produce norketamine which may then undergo further oxidation of the cyclohexane ring. The presence of norketamine has been observed in cats, dogs, ponies, ruminants and swine, although the plasma concentrations may vary between species and with the circumstances relating to each study. However, in ostriches we did not detect any metabolite after ketamine administration although the chromatog. assay used provides for its determination It could be that in this species, ketamine hepatic N-demethylation does not play an important role in drug elimination (it is possible that in ostriches other metabolic routes could take part, or as occurs in horses, redistribution and/or excretion of the drug are so rapid that proportionally less is available for hepatic biotransformation. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-(2-Bromo-6-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine hydrochloride(cas: 65896-14-2).Formula: C9H10BrClFN3

The Article related to anesthetic imalgene ostrich sedivet pharmacokinetics, Pharmacology: Effects Of Nervous System- and Behavior-Affecting Drugs and Neuromuscular Agents and other aspects.Formula: C9H10BrClFN3

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

On September 30, 2008, Leece, Elizabeth A.; Corletto, Federico; Brearley, Jacqueline C. published an article.Recommanded Product: 65896-14-2 The title of the article was A comparison of recovery times and characteristics with sevoflurane and isoflurane anaesthesia in horses undergoing magnetic resonance imaging. And the article contained the following:

To compare recovery times and quality following maintenance of anesthesia with sevoflurane or isoflurane after a standard i.v. induction technique in horses undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Prospective, randomized, blinded clin. study. One hundred ASA I/II horses undergoing MRI. Pre-anesthetic medication with i.v. acepromazine and romifidine was followed by induction of anesthesia with diazepam and ketamine. The animals were randomized into two groups to receive either sevoflurane or isoflurane in oxygen. Horses were subjectively scored (0-5) for temperament before sedation, for quality of sedation, induction and maintenance and anesthetic depth on entering the recovery area. Recoveries were videotaped and scored by an observer, unaware of the treatment, using two scoring systems. Times to the first movement, head lift, sternal recumbency and standing were recorded along with the number of attempts to achieve sternal and standing positions. Variables were compared using a Student t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test (p < 0.05), while the correlation between subjective recovery score and other relevant variables was tested calculating the Spearman Rank correlation coefficient and linear regression modeling performed when significant. Seventy-seven horses entered the final anal., 38 received isoflurane and 39 sevoflurane. Body mass, age and duration of anesthesia were similar for both groups. There were no differences in recovery times, scoring or number of attempts to achieve sternal recumbency and standing between groups. Weak, but significant, correlations were found between the subjective recovery score for the pooled data from both groups and both temperament and time in sternal recumbency. No differences in recovery times or quality were detected following isoflurane or sevoflurane anesthesia after i.v. induction. Sevoflurane affords no obvious advantage in recovery over isoflurane following a standard i.v. induction technique in horses not undergoing surgery. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-(2-Bromo-6-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine hydrochloride(cas: 65896-14-2).Recommanded Product: 65896-14-2

The Article related to isoflo sevoflo anesthetic horse recovery time, Pharmacology: Effects Of Nervous System- and Behavior-Affecting Drugs and Neuromuscular Agents and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 65896-14-2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Harris, Anthony R.; Nason, Deane M.; Collantes, Elizabeth M.; Xu, Wenjian; Chi, Yushi; Wang, Zhihan; Zhang, Bingzhi; Zhang, Qingjian; Gray, David L.; Davoren, Jennifer E. published an article in 2011, the title of the article was Synthesis of 5-bromo-6-methyl imidazopyrazine, 5-bromo and 5-chloro-6-methyl imidazopyridine using electron density surface maps to guide synthetic strategy.Safety of 5-Bromo-6-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine And the article contains the following content:

Small heteroaromatic rings are valuable monomers in drug discovery that can enable rapid access to novel and desirable chem. space. Installation of a synthetic handle on a heteroaromatic core may be difficult if steric and electronic factors are not in alignment with the desired transformation. Described are practical routes for the construction of 5-bromo-6-Me imidazopyrazine I as well as Me imidazopyridines, e.g., II, developed using electron d. surface maps encoded with ionization potential to guide synthetic strategy. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5-Bromo-6-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine(cas: 1346157-13-8).Safety of 5-Bromo-6-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine

The Article related to bromomethyl imidazopyrazine preparation, methyl imidazopyridine preparation reaction mechanism, Heterocyclic Compounds (More Than One Hetero Atom): Pyrazines and Quinoxalines (Including Piperazines) and other aspects.Safety of 5-Bromo-6-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

On June 25, 2015, Cuevas Cordobes, Felix; Almansa-Rosales, Carmen; Garcia Lopez, Monica published a patent.Application of 40644-16-4 The title of the patent was Preparation of piperidine compounds as dual 蟽1 and 渭 opioid receptor modulators for treatment of pain. And the patent contained the following:

The invention relates to compounds of formula I having dual pharmacol. activity towards both the sigma (蟽1) and the 渭-opioid receptor and more particularly to piperidine compounds having this pharmacol. activity, to processes of preparation of such compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and to their use in therapy, in particular for the treatment of pain. I [wherein m is 1 or 2; V1, V2, or V3 is selected from N or C while the others are C; R1 is hydroxy, (un)substituted -C(O)NH2, (un)substituted aryl, etc.; R2 is H, halo, (un)substituted (cyclo)alkyl, etc.; R5 is H, halo, hydroxy, (un)substituted alkyl, etc.; W, X, Y, and Z are selected from C, N, or O and together with C-atom form a 5-membered heterocyclic ring which may be substituted at W, X, Y, or Z or is fused at W and X to a further ring system] or a stereoisomer, solvate, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are claimed and exemplified. II was prepared via reductive amination of 1-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbaldehyde with N-(3-(piperidin-4-yl)phenyl)propane-2-sulfonamide hydrochloride carried out using the reductive agent, sodium triacetoxyborohydride. I were evaluated for dual 蟽1- and 渭-opioid binding activity using radioligand assays (data given). The experimental process involved the reaction of 4-Bromo-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2(3H)-one(cas: 40644-16-4).Application of 40644-16-4

The Article related to piperidine compound preparation sigma mu opioid receptor modulator pain, Heterocyclic Compounds (More Than One Hetero Atom): Other 5-Membered Rings, Two Or More Hetero Atoms and other aspects.Application of 40644-16-4

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

On March 26, 2015, Duggan, Karen Annette published a patent.Electric Literature of 40644-16-4 The title of the patent was Preparation of biphenyl propanamide compounds for the treatment of hypertension and/or fibrosis. And the patent contained the following:

The present invention relates to novel compounds and their use in the prophylactic and/or therapeutic treatment of hypertension and/or fibrosis. The invention relates to novel terphenyl compounds of formula I [wherein A is selected from (un)substituted Ph, pyridinyl, indazolyl, etc.] or stereoisomers or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are claimed and exemplified. II was prepared via a multistep procedure (preparation given). Antihypertensive activity of compounds of formula I was evaluated in spontaneously hypertensive rats on a high salt diet following 4 wks of therapy (data given). The experimental process involved the reaction of 4-Bromo-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2(3H)-one(cas: 40644-16-4).Electric Literature of 40644-16-4

The Article related to biphenyl propanamide compound preparation hypertension fibrosis, Benzene, Its Derivatives, and Condensed Benzenoid Compounds: Phenols, Thiophenols, and Derivatives Including Phenol and Thiophenol Ethers and Esters and other aspects.Electric Literature of 40644-16-4

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem