Tag: 200-300

The author of 《Tamoxifen-induced, intestinal-specific deletion of Slc5a6 in adult mice leads to spontaneous inflammation: involvement of NF-κB, NLRP3, and gut microbiota.》 were Sabui, Subrata; Skupsky, Jonathan; Kapadia, Rubina; Cogburn, Kyle; Lambrecht, Nils W; Agrawal, Anshu; Said, Hamid M. And the article was published in American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology in 2019. Recommanded Product: 58-85-5 The author mentioned the following in the article:

The sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter (SMVT; SLC5A6) is involved in intestinal absorption of vitamin B7 (biotin). We have previously shown that mice with an embryonic intestinal-specific SMVT knockout (KO) develop biotin deficiency and severe spontaneous intestinal inflammation in addition to growth retardation, developmental delays, and death within the first 6-7 wk of life. The profound morbidity and mortality associated with the SMVT-KO has limited our ability to further characterize the intestinal inflammation and other sequelae of this deletion in adult mice with a mature gut microbiota. To overcome this limitation, we generated an intestine-specific, tamoxifen-inducible, conditional SMVT-KO (SMVT-icKO). Our results showed that adult SMVT-icKO mice have reduced body weight, biotin deficiency, shorter colonic length, and bloody diarrhea compared with age- and sex-matched control littermates. All SMVT-icKO mice also developed spontaneous intestinal inflammation associated with induction of calprotectin (S100a8/S100a9), proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-6), and an increase in intestinal permeability. Additionally, the intestines of SMVT-icKO showed activation of the NF-κB pathway and the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat pyrin 3 domain (NLRP3) inflammasome. Notably, administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics reduced lethality and led to normalization of intestinal inflammation, proinflammatory cytokines, altered mucosal integrity, and reduced expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Overall, these findings support our conclusion that the biotin transport pathway plays an important role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, and that NF-κB and the NLRP3 inflammasome, as well as gut microbiota, drive the development of intestinal inflammation when SMVT is absent.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study demonstrates that deletion of the intestinal biotin uptake system in adult mice leads to the development of spontaneous gut inflammation and that luminal microbiota plays a role in its development. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid(cas: 58-85-5Recommanded Product: 58-85-5)

5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid(cas: 58-85-5) may be used to elute proteins from avidin/streptavidin resins. It has been used for culturing of oligodendrocytes.Recommanded Product: 58-85-5 And it has been used as a vitamin supplement for the growth of Bacillus species.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

The author of 《Locating the binding domains of lysozyme with ionic liquids in aqueous solution via spectroscopic studies》 were Guo, Yun; Zhang, Bo; Lu, Chao; Liu, Xiaoxue; Li, Qing; Zhang, Hua; Wang, Zhanzhong. And the article was published in Spectrochimica Acta, Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy in 2019. Recommanded Product: 3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium tetrafluoroborate The author mentioned the following in the article:

The binding domains of lysozyme with ionic liquids (ILs, [C4mim]BF4, [C4mim]Cl, [C4mim]Br and [dmim]I) in aqueous solution was investigated by studying mol. interactions using spectroscopic techniques. UV spectroscopy (UV) showed that the addition of ILs increased the absorption peak intensity of lysozyme at 210 nm by enhancing peptide bond valence electron transition. It is also found that a weak interaction between ILs and lysozyme chromophore groups was generated by analyzing the changes of absorption peak intensity near 280 nm. Fluorescence and Synchronous Fluorescence spectra results showed that four ILs had quenching effect on the fluorescent substances of lysozyme, and the quenching effect rose with increasing ILs concentration Meanwhile, the interaction between lysozyme and ILs mols. is mainly based on Van der Waals force and two Tryptophan (Trp) residues (Trp62 or Trp108) at the active site of lysozyme mols. play a critical role in binding ILs to their own mols. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium tetrafluoroborate(cas: 174501-65-6Recommanded Product: 3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium tetrafluoroborate)

3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium tetrafluoroborate(cas: 174501-65-6) is a member of lonic liquids. Actually, lonic liquids as innovative fluids have received wide attention only during the past two decades. The number of SCI papers published on lonic liquids has exponentially increased from a few in 1996 to >5000 in 2016, exceeding the annual growth rates of other popular scientific areas. Recommanded Product: 3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium tetrafluoroborate

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

《Split-TurboID enables contact-dependent proximity labeling in cells》 was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America in 2020. These research results belong to Cho, Kelvin F.; Branon, Tess C.; Rajeev, Sanjana; Svinkina, Tanya; Udeshi, Namrata D.; Thoudam, Themis; Kwak, Chulhwan; Rhee, Hyun-Woo; Lee, In-Kyu; Carr, Steven A.; Ting, Alice Y.. Application In Synthesis of 5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid The article mentions the following:

Proximity labeling catalyzed by promiscuous enzymes, such as TurboID, have enabled the proteomic anal. of subcellular regions difficult or impossible to access by conventional fractionation-based approaches. Yet some cellular regions, such as organelle contact sites, remain out of reach for current PL methods. To address this limitation, we split the enzyme TurboID into two inactive fragments that recombine when driven together by a protein-protein interaction or membrane-membrane apposition. At endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contact sites, reconstituted TurboID catalyzed spatially restricted biotinylation, enabling the enrichment and identification of >100 endogenous proteins, including many not previously linked to endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contacts. We validated eight candidates by biochem. fractionation and overexpression imaging. Overall, split-TurboID is a versatile tool for conditional and spatially specific proximity labeling in cells. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid(cas: 58-85-5Application In Synthesis of 5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid)

5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid(cas: 58-85-5) may be used to elute proteins from avidin/streptavidin resins. It has been used for culturing of oligodendrocytes.Application In Synthesis of 5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid And it has been used for blocking endogenous biotin during immunohistology procedures.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

In 2019,International Journal of Pharmaceutics (Amsterdam, Netherlands) included an article by Rompicharla, Sri Vishnu Kiran; Kumari, Preeti; Bhatt, Himanshu; Ghosh, Balaram; Biswas, Swati. Reference of 5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid. The article was titled 《Biotin functionalized PEGylated poly(amidoamine) dendrimer conjugate for active targeting of paclitaxel in cancer》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

In the current study, we employed poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers of generation 4 (G4) to deliver paclitaxel (PTX), a poorly soluble anti-cancer agent precisely to cancer cells via its conjugation on dendrimer surface. Further, G4 PAMAM has been PEGylated (PEG) and tagged with Biotin, an essential micronutrient for cellular functions, receptors of which are overexpressed in certain cancers. The synthesized multifunctional conjugates were characterized by 1H NMR and zeta potential anal. techniques. In addition, the conjugates were evaluated in vitro in cell monolayers and 3D spheroids of biotin receptor over-expressed A549 cell line (human non-small cell lung cancer). G4 PTX PEG-Biotin conjugate penetrated at significantly higher extent in monolayers as well as spheroids as studied by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy by visualizing the cells at varied depth. The G4 PTX PEG-Biotin conjugate demonstrated higher cytotoxicity compared to free PTX and G4 PTX PEG conjugate as assessed by MTT assay in monolayers and Presto Blue assay in detached spheroidal cells. G4 PTX PEG-Biotin demonstrated significant inhibition of growth of tumor spheroids. Therefore, the newly synthesized biotin anchored PTX-conjugated dendrimer system is promising and could be further explored for efficiently delivering PTX to biotin receptor overexpressed cancers. In addition to this study using 5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid, there are many other studies that have used 5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid(cas: 58-85-5Reference of 5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid) was used in this study.

5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid(cas: 58-85-5) may be used to elute proteins from avidin/streptavidin resins. It has been used for culturing of oligodendrocytes.Reference of 5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid The biotin/avidin or biotin/streptavidin interaction is utilized in many labeling and purification schemes.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Electric Literature of C10H16N2O3SIn 2019 ,《Heterogeneous and rate-dependent streptavidin-biotin unbinding revealed by high-speed force spectroscopy and atomistic simulations》 was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. The article was written by Rico, Felix; Russek, Andreas; Gonzalez, Laura; Grubmuller, Helmut; Scheuring, Simon. The article contains the following contents:

Receptor-ligand interactions are essential for biol. function and their binding strength is commonly explained in terms of static lock-and-key models based on mol. complementarity. However, detailed information on the full unbinding pathway is often lacking due, in part, to the static nature of at. structures and ensemble averaging inherent to bulk biophysics approaches. Here we combine mol. dynamics and high-speed force spectroscopy on the streptavidin-biotin complex to determine the binding strength and unbinding pathways over the widest dynamic range. Experiment and simulation show excellent agreement at overlapping velocities and provided evidence of the unbinding mechanisms. During unbinding, biotin crosses multiple energy barriers and visits various intermediate states far from the binding pocket, while streptavidin undergoes transient induced fits, all varying with loading rate. This multistate process slows down the transition to the unbound state and favors rebinding, thus explaining the long lifetime of the complex. We provide an atomistic, dynamic picture of the unbinding process, replacing a simple two-state picture with one that involves many routes to the lock and rate-dependent induced-fit motions for intermediates, which might be relevant for other receptor-ligand bonds. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid(cas: 58-85-5Electric Literature of C10H16N2O3S)

5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid(cas: 58-85-5) may be used to elute proteins from avidin/streptavidin resins. It has been used for culturing of oligodendrocytes.Electric Literature of C10H16N2O3S And it has been used as a vitamin supplement for the growth of Bacillus species.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

《A combination of FTIR and DFT to study the microscopic structure and hydrogen-bonding interaction properties of the [BMIM][BF4] and water》 was published in Spectrochimica Acta, Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy in 2020. These research results belong to Zheng, Yan-Zhen; Zhou, Yu; Deng, Geng; Guo, Rui; Chen, Da-Fu. Quality Control of 3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium tetrafluoroborate The article mentions the following:

The structure and hydrogen-bond interaction property of water and a model ionic liquid (IL): 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM][BF4]) were studied using the combination of Fourier transform IR spectroscopy and d. functional theory calculations The O-D stretching vibration region of the deuterated water was an area of special focus. Excess IR spectroscopy with enhanced resolution was applied to analyze the original IR spectra of v(O-D). It is found that: (1) [BMIM][BF4] forms stable hydrogen-bonds with water in the mixture (2) The hydrogen-bonds are weak strength, closed shell and electrostatic dominant interactions. The preferred interaction site of [BMIM]+ cation is the hydrogen atom at the C2. (3) Cage hexamer water, cyclic tetramer water, cyclic trimer water, ion cluster-water complex, ion pair-water, and anion-water complexes are identified in the mixture When the mole fraction of D2O (x(D2O)) is larger than 0.9, ion cluster and ion pair were broken apart into individual cations and anions. The cage hexamer water, cyclic tetramer water, and cyclic trimer water disappear at x(D2O) < 0.8, 0.5, and 0.3, resp. HDO formed by H/D isotope exchange was detected when x(D2O) is less than 0.3. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium tetrafluoroborate(cas: 174501-65-6Quality Control of 3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium tetrafluoroborate)

3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium tetrafluoroborate(cas: 174501-65-6) is a member of lonic liquids. A multidisciplinary study on lonic liquids is emerging, including chemistry, materials science, chemical engineering, and environmental science. More specifically, some important fundamental viewpoints are now different from the original concepts, as insights into the nature of lonic liquids become deeper. For example, the physicochemical properties of lonic liquids are now recognized as ranging broadly from the oft quoted “nonvolatile, non-flammable, and air and water stable” to those that are distinctly volatile, flammable, and unstable. Quality Control of 3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium tetrafluoroborate

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Kumar, Ravinder; Mathur, Pavan published an article on February 5 ,2015. The article was titled 《Oxidation of phenyl propyne catalyzed by copper(II) complexes of a benzimidazolyl Schiff base ligand: Effect of acid/base, oxidant, surfactant and morphology》, and you may find the article in Spectrochimica Acta, Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy.SDS of cas: 53332-79-9 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Copper(II) complexes, Cu(L)X (X = Cl-, NO3-, NCS-) with a new N-substituted benzimidazole Schiff base ligand (HL) derived from 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and N-methyl-2-(aminomethyl)benzimidazole, were used as catalyst for the oxidation of 1-phenylpropyne. The oxidation is carried out under mild conditions using stoichiometric amounts of oxidant and catalytic amounts of Cu(II) complex as catalyst. Effect of acid/base, oxidant, morphol. and surfactant was studied. Two major products of 1-phenylpropyne oxidation are the α-diketonic product, PhCOCOMe, and a terminal aldehyde, PhCCCHO. Diketone is the major product under acidic conditions while aldehyde formation is highest under basic conditions. The maximum conversion is found with the NO3- bound complex. GC-MS was used to find the percentage yields of products. SEM and PXRD of the reused complexes as catalyst suggest that morphol. affects the catalytic efficiency. In the experiment, the researchers used [(1-Methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)methyl]amine dihydrochloride(cas: 53332-79-9SDS of cas: 53332-79-9)

[(1-Methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)methyl]amine dihydrochloride(cas: 53332-79-9) belongs to imidazoles.Although other azole heterocycles are ubiquitous in a wide range of biologically active natural products, imidazole rings occur predominantly in the natural amino acid histidine. SDS of cas: 53332-79-9 In addition, imidazole rings are part of unnatural cyclic peptides and are used as ester isosteres in peptidomimetic studies.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

In 2019,Journal of Materials Chemistry A: Materials for Energy and Sustainability included an article by Ying, Wen; Hou, Quangang; Chen, Danke; Guo, Yi; Li, Zhuoyi; Zhang, Jun; Yan, Youguo; Peng, Xinsheng. Synthetic Route of C8H15BF4N2. The article was titled 《Electrical field facilitates selective transport of CO2 through a laminated MoS2 supported ionic liquid membrane》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Ionic liquid (IL), a neutral assembly of charged ions, is a potential material for CO2 capture and storage. The practicality of IL can be improved by confining it into porous substrates and nanopores, which will further enhance the performance of IL by changing its structure. Addnl., an external elec. field (EEF) should also affect the IL structure through its charged components. In this work, an EEF is applied on a MoS2 supported ionic liquid membrane (MoS2-SILM) to selectively facilitate CO2 transport by the dual effect of MoS2 nanochannel and EEF. The redistribution of nanoconfined IL under an EEF resulted in the increase in free volume of IL and decrease in anion-cation interactions, which led to the enhancement of CO2 solubility and diffusion, and further, the permeance. Compared with the MoS2-SILM without an EEF, the CO2 permeance was enhanced from 89-200 GPU, and the selectivity of CO2/H2, CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 was also enlarged 2-3 times. An interesting phenomenon was the asym. CO2 separation performance affected by the CO2 adsorbed on MoS2 nanosheets under a pos. and neg. EEF, which may establish a new strategy to design high-performance gas separation membranes. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium tetrafluoroborate(cas: 174501-65-6Synthetic Route of C8H15BF4N2)

3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium tetrafluoroborate(cas: 174501-65-6) is a member of lonic liquids. A multidisciplinary study on lonic liquids is emerging, including chemistry, materials science, chemical engineering, and environmental science. More specifically, some important fundamental viewpoints are now different from the original concepts, as insights into the nature of lonic liquids become deeper. For example, the physicochemical properties of lonic liquids are now recognized as ranging broadly from the oft quoted “nonvolatile, non-flammable, and air and water stable” to those that are distinctly volatile, flammable, and unstable. Synthetic Route of C8H15BF4N2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Category: imidazoles-derivatives《A fluorescent chemosensor for the sequential detection of copper(II) and histidine and its biological applications》 was published in 2016. The authors were Wang, Dan;Zheng, Jian-Quan;Zheng, Xiang-Jun;Fang, De-Cai;Yuan, Da-Qiang;Jin, Lin-Pei, and the article was included in《Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical》. The author mentioned the following in the article:

A new fluorescent sensor 6-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,6-dihydrobenzoimidazo[1,2-c] quinazoline (H₂L) and the Zn(II) complex [Zn₂L¹2]·C₂H₅OH (H₂L¹ = 3-{[2-(1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)-phenylimino]-methyl}-benzene-1,2-diol) (1) were synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. H₂L can be used to recognize Cu²⁺ in aqueous media as an on-off fluorescent sensor, forming the Cu(II) Schiff-base complex (CuL¹). Furthermore, CuL¹ can serve as an off-on fluorescent sensor to detect histidine (His) via the ligand displacement approach. The sequential detection of Cu(II) and histidine shows on-off-on phenomenon. The crystal structure of the dinuclear Zn(II) complex indicates that the coordination of H₂L with Zn(II) promotes C-N bond breakage, resulting in the quinazoline ring-opening of H₂L to form the Zn(II) Schiff-base complex (1). The exptl. results proved that H⁺ can also assist the ring-opening of H₂L to form a Schiff base, H₂L¹. H₂L is stable in neutral and weak basic solutions This is further confirmed by the theor. calculations The cell imaging studies indicated that H₂L and CuL¹ can be used to detect the intracellular Cu²⁺ ion and His under physiol. conditions, resp. CuL¹ can also be used to determine His in urine. And 2-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)aniline (cas: 5805-39-0) was used in the research process.

2-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)aniline(cas:5805-39-0 Category: imidazoles-derivatives) is a chemical reagent used in the synthesis of small molecule inhibitors targeting ubiquitin-like domains for treatments of diseases caused by the cellular accumulation of damaged proteins.

Reference:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Kravtsov, Dmytro published 《Oxidation of some benzyl substituted fused quinazoline derivatives》 in 2019. The article was appeared in 《Organic Communications》. They have made some progress in their research.Recommanded Product: 5805-39-0 The article mentions the following:

In this study, synthesis of some benzoyl substituted fused quinazoline derivatives e.g., I, using Fieser’s reagent, was reported. An unexpected product fused quinazolinone and BzOH were isolated from the reaction mixture Based on the exptl. data, a possible oxidation mechanism of ketone I with chromium trioxide was described. The experimental procedure involved many compounds, such as 2-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)aniline (cas: 5805-39-0) .

2-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)aniline(cas:5805-39-0 Recommanded Product: 5805-39-0) is a chemical reagent used in the synthesis of small molecule inhibitors targeting ubiquitin-like domains for treatments of diseases caused by the cellular accumulation of damaged proteins.

Reference:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem