Tag: M.W=150-200

Guiao, Karelle S. published the artcileThermo-mechano-chemical deconstruction of cellulose for cellulose nanocrystal production by reactive processing, SDS of cas: 79917-90-1, the publication is Carbohydrate Polymers (2022), 119543, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The com. production of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) requires high concentration of sulfuric or other acids such as hydrochloric, phosphoric, and nitric acids. However, these acids and the involved process are corrosive, toxic, energy-intensive, and not environmentally safe. In this work, a batch mixer reactive process that entails high shear was implemented using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BmimCl) media and molten oxalic acid dihydrate (OA) to produce CNCs from cellulose. Through this, a maximum CNC yield (59 wt%) was obtained with a mixture composition of 1:0.7:0.075 (Cellulose:BmimCl:OA, weight/weight/w) and a processing time of 2.5 min. Further investigation revealed that the particle size, degree of crystallinity, and thermal stability of the produced CNCs were found to be competitive with those of a com. CNC product. This study asserts the potential industrial application of an efficient ionic liquid and molten organic acid treatment for CNC production via reactive processing in a batch mixer.

Carbohydrate Polymers published new progress about 79917-90-1. 79917-90-1 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Ionic Liquid,Ionic Liquid, name is 3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride, and the molecular formula is C8H15ClN2, SDS of cas: 79917-90-1.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Castillo, Ivan published the artcileStructural, spectroscopic, and electrochemical properties of tri- and tetradentate N₃ and N₃S copper complexes with mixed benzimidazole/thioether donors, Formula: C9H9ClN2, the publication is Dalton Transactions (2012), 41(31), 9394-9404, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Cupric and cuprous complexes of bis(2-methylbenzimidazolyl)(2-methylthiophene)amine (L¹), bis(2-methylbenzimidazolyl)benzylamine (L²), bis(2-methylbenzimidazolyl)(2,4-dimethylphenylthioethyl)amine (L³), bis(1-methyl-2-methylbenzimidazolyl)benzylamine (Me₂L²), and bis(1-methyl-2-methylbenzimidazolyl)(2,4-dimethylphenylthioethyl)amine (Me₂L³) were spectroscopically, structurally, and electrochem. characterized. The thioether-containing ligands L³ and Me₂L³ give rise to complexes with Cu-S bonds in solution and in the solid state, as evidenced by UV-visible spectroscopy and x-ray crystallog. The Cu²⁺ complexes [L¹CuCl₂] (1), [L²CuCl₂] (2) and [Me₂L³CuCl]ClO₄ (3^Me,ClO4) are monomeric in solution according to ESI mass spectrometry data, as well as in the solid state. Their Cu⁺ analogs [L¹Cu]ClO₄, [L²Cu]ClO₄, [L³Cu]ClO₄ (4–6), [BOC₂L¹Cu(NCCH₃)]ClO₄ (4^BOC), [Me₂L²Cu(NCCH₃)₂]PF₆ (5^Me) and [Me₂L³Cu]₂(ClO₄)₂ (6^Me) are also monomeric in MeCN solution, as confirmed crystallog. for 4^BOC and 5^Me. In contrast, 6^Me is dimeric in the solid state, with the thioether group of one of the ligands bound to a symmetry-related Cu⁺ ion. Cyclic voltammetry studies revealed that the bis(2-methylbenzimidazolyl)amine-Cu²⁺/Cu⁺ systems possess half-wave potentials in the range -0.16 to -0.08 V (referenced to the ferrocenium-ferrocene couple); these values are nearly 0.23 V less neg. than those reported for related bis(picolyl)amine-derived ligands. Based on these observations, the N₃ or N₃S donor set of the benzimidazole-derived ligands is analogous to previously reported chelating systems, but the electronic environment they provide is unique, and may have relevance to histidine and methionine-containing metalloenzymes. This is also reflected in the reactivity of [Me₂L²Cu(NCCH₃)₂]⁺ (5^Me) and [Me₂L³Cu]⁺ (6^Me) towards dioxygen, which gave the superoxide anion in both cases. The thioether-bound Cu⁺ center in 6^Me appears to be more selective in the generation of O₂√^– than 5^Me, lending evidence to the hypothesis of the modulating properties of thioether ligands in Cu-O₂ reactions.

Dalton Transactions published new progress about 4760-35-4. 4760-35-4 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Chloride,Benzimidazole, name is 2-(Chloromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole, and the molecular formula is C9H9ClN2, Formula: C9H9ClN2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Mesa, Leyanis published the artcileOptimization of BmimCl pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse through combining multiple responses to increase sugar production. An approach of the kinetic model, HPLC of Formula: 79917-90-1, the publication is Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery (2022), 12(6), 2027-2043, database is CAplus.

Sugarcane bagasse (SCB) was pretreated with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BmimCl) at different conditions of temperature (80°C to 150°C) and solid loading (4 to 10%) at two times (20 and 60 min). The pretreatment conditions were optimized using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) and desirability function having in mind the principles of green engineering. The pretreatments resulted in modifications of morphol. and structural characteristics of biomass, also resulting in partial hemicellulose reduction The founded optimal condition of pretreatment under the criterion of maximized sugar yield after enzymic hydrolysis and minimized total sugar loss in pretreatment was 140°C and 6% weight/weight of solid loading with 20 min of process. Also, a kinetic model was obtained verifying its validity with exptl. values. It showed a lower activation energy of cellulose modification and hemicellulose conversion in comparison with the literature. One of the major findings was the strong correlation between glucose conversion and the d.p.

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery published new progress about 79917-90-1. 79917-90-1 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Ionic Liquid,Ionic Liquid, name is 3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride, and the molecular formula is C8H15ClN2, HPLC of Formula: 79917-90-1.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Rotjanasuworapong, Kornkanok published the artcileElectromechanical responses of agarose ionogels as highly soft and compliant actuators, Computed Properties of 79917-90-1, the publication is European Polymer Journal (2022), 111059, database is CAplus.

Ionogels have been of interest as an alternative electroactive material for soft actuator applications, as they can maintain the shape and size under ambient conditions. Herein, the phys. cross-linked agarose ionogels were fabricated via a solvent casting method by using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim][Cl]) as the ionic liquid The electro-actuation responses were investigated in terms of agarose contents and elec. field strengths. For the electromech. responses, the electrostriction shows two distinct behaviors dependent on agarose contents: at the high agarose content of 12.0%volume/volume, the storage modulus relative response (ΔG’/G’0) was the pos. value of 0.06, known as the pos. electrostriction; at the low agarose contents of 4.0%volume/volume and 8.0%volume/volume, the ΔG’/G’0 were neg. definite at -0.11 and -0.06, resp. These behaviors occurred from the plasticizing [Bmim][Cl] mols. which were able to hinder the agarose intermol. interactions. For the electro-induced bending behaviors, the AG-[Bmim][Cl] Ionogel_4.0%volume/volume revealed the highest deflection distance and dielectrophoresis force (F_d) due to its lower initial rigidity and the polarizations from the [Bmim][Cl], moisture, and agarose structures, resp. Comparing with other bio-polymeric hydrogels and ionogels, the present AG-[Bmim][Cl] Ionogels are shown here to possess relatively low electrostrictive stresses but high dielectrophoresis force d.; both are essential features for utilizing in soft actuator applications.

European Polymer Journal published new progress about 79917-90-1. 79917-90-1 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Ionic Liquid,Ionic Liquid, name is 3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride, and the molecular formula is C8H15ClN2, Computed Properties of 79917-90-1.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Sharma, Pankaj published the artcileNew (E)-1-alkyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methylene)indolin-2-ones: Synthesis, in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation and apoptosis inducing studies, Related Products of imidazoles-derivatives, the publication is European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2016), 584-600, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A new series of (E)-[(benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methylene]indolin-2-one derivatives has been synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against a panel of selected human cancer cell lines of prostate (PC-3 and DU-145) and breast (BT-549, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, 4T1), non-small lung (A549) and gastric (HGC) cancer cells along with normal breast epithelial cells (MCF10A). Among the tested compounds, 8l (I) showed significant cytotoxic activity against MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cancer cells with IC₅₀ values of 3.26 ± 0.24 μM and 5.96 ± 0.67 μM resp. The compounds 8f (II), 8i (III), 8l (I) and 8o (IV) were also screened on normal human breast epithelial cells (MCF10A) and found to be safer with lesser cytotoxicity. The treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells with 8l led to inhibition of cell migration ability through disruption of F-actin protein assembly. The flow-cytometry anal. reveals that the cells arrested in G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Further, the compound 8l induced apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells was characterized by different staining techniques such as Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide (AO/EB), DAPI, annexin V-FITC/PI, Rhodamine-123 and MitoSOX red assay. Western blot studies demonstrated that the compound 8l treatment led to activation of caspase-3, increased expression of cleaved PARP, increased expression of pro-apoptotic Bax and decreased expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 in MDA-MB-231 cancer cells.

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 7467-35-8. 7467-35-8 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Benzimidazole,Alcohol, name is (1-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methanol, and the molecular formula is C16H14O6, Related Products of imidazoles-derivatives.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Zwaagstra, Marieel E. published the artcileSynthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of Carboxylated Chalcones: A Novel Series of Cys-LT₁ (LTD₄) Receptor Antagonists, HPLC of Formula: 4760-35-4, the publication is Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (1997), 40(7), 1075-1089, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The synthesis and Cys-LT₁ antagonistic activities of a new series of 2-, 3-, and 4-(2-quinolinylmethoxy)- and 3- and 4-[2-(2-quinolinyl)ethenyl]-substituted, 2′-, 3′-, 4′-, or 5′-carboxylated chalcones are described. Structure-activity relationship studies indicate a preference for the presence of a neg. charged (acidic) moiety, although in some cases nitrile or ester analogs also exhibit moderate activity. The quinoline moiety may be substituted at either the 3- or the 4-position. Replacement of this heterocycle by other aromatic groups results in compounds with comparable affinities [2-(7-chloroquinoline), 1-(1-methyl-2-benzimidazole), or 1-(2-benzothiazole)] or substantially lower activities [1-(1-ethoxyethyl)-2-benzimidazole, 2-naphthyl, or phenyl]. The quinoline and chalcone moieties may be connected by either an ethenyl or a methoxy spacer. The acidic moiety at the chalcone B ring may be attached to the 2′-, 3′-, 4′-, or 5′-position, for both the 3- and 4-substituted chalcones. There are no general patterns to specify which substitution positions gave the most potent compounds The series contains several potent Cys-LT₁ receptor antagonists, with K_D values approaching the nanomolar range, as measured by the displacement of [³H]LTD₄ from guinea pig lung membranes. Antagonism of LTD₄-induced contraction of guinea pig ileum, the inhibition of antigen-induced contraction of guinea pig trachea in vitro, and the inhibition of LTD₄-induced increase of vascular permeability in vivo are determined for chalcones with high Cys-LT₁ receptor affinities (K_D values below 0.1 μM). 2′-Hydroxy-4-(2-quinolinylmethoxy)-5′-(5-tetrazolyl)chalcone showed good activity in both in vitro and in vivo assays and has been selected for further evaluation.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 4760-35-4. 4760-35-4 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Chloride,Benzimidazole, name is 2-(Chloromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole, and the molecular formula is C18H34N4O5S, HPLC of Formula: 4760-35-4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Zwaagstra, Marieel E. published the artcileSynthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of Carboxyflavones as Structurally Rigid CysLT₁ (LTD₄) Receptor Antagonists, Application In Synthesis of 4760-35-4, the publication is Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (1998), 41(9), 1428-1438, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The synthesis and CysLT₁ receptor affinities of a new series of highly rigid 3′- and 4′-(2-quinolinylmethoxy)- I [Ar = 2-quinolinyl; R¹ = CO₂H; R² = R³ = H; X = CH₂O; Ar = 2-quinolinyl; R¹ = R³ = H; R² = CO₂H; X = CH₂O; Ar = 2-quinolinyl; R¹ = R² = H; R³ = CO₂H; X = CH₂O] or 3′- and 4′-[2-(2-quinolinyl)ethenyl]-substituted, 6-, 7-, or 8-carboxylated flavones (E)-I [Ar = 2-quinolinyl, R¹ = CO₂H, R² = H, R³ = H, Br, Cl, F, Me, X = CH:CH; Ar = 2-quinolinyl, R¹ = R³ = H, R² = CO₂H, X = CH:CH; Ar = 2-quinolinyl, R¹ = CN, R² = H, R³ = Cl, X = CH:CH; Ar = 2-quinolinyl; R¹ = R² = H; R³ = CO₂H, CN, X = CH:CH] are described. CysLT₁ receptor affinities of the flavones (down to 11 nM) were determined by their ability to displace [³H]LTD₄ from its receptor in guinea pig lung membranes. Structure-affinity relationship studies showed that the relative positions of the carboxylic acid and the quinoline moiety were critical for CysLT₁ affinities. While the carboxyl is optimal in the 8 position but tolerated in the 6 position, only the 6- and not the 8-tetrazole has significant activity. The quinoline moiety may be connected to the flavone skeleton by an ethenyl or a methoxy linker, but the substitution position is important for high affinity, especially in the 6-carboxylated flavones. 4′-Substituted 6-carboxyflavones are essentially inactive, whereas the 3′-substituted analogs have submicromolar CysLT₁ affinity. Replacement of the quinoline by other heteroaromatics generally leads to decreased affinities, with the Ph and naphthyl analogs displaying only little or no affinity, while the 7-chloroquinoline analog is comparable in activity to the quinoline. Flavones having CysLT₁ receptor affinities of 10-30 nM were selected for determination of their inhibitory effects on the LTD₄-induced contraction of guinea pig ileum in vitro. The IC₅₀ values ranged between 15 and 100 nM. 8-Carboxy-6-chloro-3′-(2-quinolinylmethoxy)flavone [VUF 5087; {(E)-I; Ar = 2-quinolinyl, R¹ = CO₂H, R² = H, R³ = Cl, X = 3′-CH:CH}] was selected for further research because of its high potency in the functional assay. This series contains the most rigid CysLT₁ receptor antagonists known to date, and they are useful in the development of a CysLT₁ antagonist model, which is discussed in the companion paper.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 4760-35-4. 4760-35-4 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Chloride,Benzimidazole, name is 2-(Chloromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole, and the molecular formula is C10H9ClN2O, Application In Synthesis of 4760-35-4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Haque, Aminul Md. published the artcileElectrodialytic Universal Synthesis of Highly Pure and Mixed Ionic Liquids, Related Products of imidazoles-derivatives, the publication is ACS Omega (2022), 7(25), 21925-21931, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted significant attention from researchers in various fields as a result of their unique properties. As new and important applications are identified for these materials, there is also a drive to develop methods for accessing a wider range of ILs. However, despite this demand, only a few techniques have so far been reported and, more importantly, general but efficient processes for IL synthesis were lacking. Thus, it would be beneficial to devise a cost-effective, environmentally friendly means of producing a wide variety of pure ILs. The present work demonstrates a general purpose electrodialysis approach to the formation of highly pure ILs, based on the formation of nine different ILs from various combinations of cations and anions. In each case, the IL was obtained with a purity of >99%. This method offers the advantages of avoiding the use of hazardous organic solvents and eliminating tedious and costly purification processes. Unlike conventional methods, this membrane-based technol. also prevents the generation of side products. Mixed ILs have many potential applications, and the present technique readily generates various mixed ILs based on a simple adjustment of the applied current.

ACS Omega published new progress about 79917-90-1. 79917-90-1 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Ionic Liquid,Ionic Liquid, name is 3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride, and the molecular formula is C8H15ClN2, Related Products of imidazoles-derivatives.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Nobbs, James D. published the artcileFrom alternating to selective distributions in chromium-catalysed ethylene oligomerisation with asymmetric BIMA ligands, Recommanded Product: 2-(Chloromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole, the publication is Catalysis Science & Technology (2018), 8(5), 1314-1321, database is CAplus.

The oligomerization of ethylene with Cr-based catalysts containing asym. BIMA (bis(benzimidazole)methylamine) ligands produces linear alpha olefins (LAOs) that follow an alternating distribution. The catalytic activity and the degree of alternation is affected by the different ligands; in particular variations at the backbone of the ligand affect the nature of the distribution. For certain catalysts a deviation from regular alternating behavior is observed, whereby increased amounts of 1-hexene and 1-octene (up to 29 mol%) were obtained compared to the amount expected from the distribution anal. based on C₁₀-C₃₄ LAOs. This behavior towards more selective oligomerization to 1-hexene and 1-octene can be explained by varying probabilities of single and double ethylene insertion. The deviations will depend on the size of the metallacycle and are most pronounced early on during the metallacycle growth.

Catalysis Science & Technology published new progress about 4760-35-4. 4760-35-4 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Chloride,Benzimidazole, name is 2-(Chloromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole, and the molecular formula is C9H9ClN2, Recommanded Product: 2-(Chloromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

House, Donald A. published the artcileChiral heterocyclic ligands. Part V. The first x-ray structure of an octahedral transition metal complex containing a strongly chelating bidentate perchlorate, Application In Synthesis of 4760-35-4, the publication is Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications (1987), 1575-6, database is CAplus.

NiL₂(ClO₄)₂.EtOH (L = I) was prepared from Ni(ClO₄)₂.6H₂O and L in EtOH. NiL₂(ClO₄)₂.EtOH is monoclinic, space group P2₁, with a 13.370(8), b 21.152(13), c 15.605(9) Å, β 99.73(5)°, Z = 4, d.(calculated) = 1.44 g cm^-3, R = 0.063. Two different stereoisomers of [NiL₂(ClO₄)]⁺ are present in an asym. unit, each of which contains a strongly bidentate perchlorate and the bulky borane groups in a trans configuration.

Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications published new progress about 4760-35-4. 4760-35-4 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Chloride,Benzimidazole, name is 2-(Chloromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole, and the molecular formula is C9H9ClN2, Application In Synthesis of 4760-35-4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem